The impact of routine childhood immunization with higher-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccines on antimicrobial-resistant pneumococcal diseases and carriage: a systematic literature review

Abstract Background The availability of 7-valent (PCV7) and 13-valent (PCV13) pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCVs) in the United States (US) since 2000 and 2010, respectively, has substantially reduced the occurrence, morbidity and mortality of pneumococcal disease. This systematic literature review aimed to assess the impact of the PCVs in reducing the pneumococcal disease burden since their introduction. Methods We searched Embase and Medline and disease-surveillance websites for observational studies of US participants < 19 years, published 1999–2019 and reporting incidence or prevalence of acute otitis media, invasive pneumococcal disease, meningitis, or pneumococcal disease-related morbidity, mortality, healthcare resource utilization (HCRU) or costs. Results Of 499 citations identified from the databases and other sources, 125 met inclusion criteria (Figure), all indicating clear reductions in multiple manifestations of pneumococcal disease with PCV7 and PCV13 use. However, variations across studies in outcomes reported, study years, and age strata, confounded assessment of vaccine impact on specific pneumococcal disease outcomes and key burden indicators, such as tympanostomy tube placement and antibiotic prescriptions. Conclusion PCVs have greatly decreased multiple manifestations of pneumococcal disease in the US. However, granular data on the frequency and morbidity associated with specific pneumococcal diseases and on associated HCRU are needed to quantify the public-health impact of these vaccines. Disclosures Kristin Kistler, PhD, Evidera, Inc. (Employee, Evidera, Inc. received the funding to conduct this study.) Evelyn F. Gomez-Espinosa, BSc, PhD, Evidera Inc (Employee, Scientific Research Study Investigator)Pfizer Inc (Consultant, Scientific Research Study Investigator) Kelly Sutton, PhD, Evidera (Other Financial or Material Support, Evidera, Inc. received the funding to conduct this study.) Ruth Chapman, MSc, PhD, Evidera, Inc, (Evidera, Inc. received the funding to conduct this study.) (Consultant) Desmond Dillon-Murphy, MSc, PhD, Evidera, Inc. (Evidera, Inc. received the funding to conduct this study.) (Consultant) Matthew Wasserman, MSc., Pfizer Inc. (Employee)

Download Full-text

A systematic literature review and network meta-analysis feasibility study to assess the comparative efficacy and comparative effectiveness of pneumococcal conjugate vaccines

Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics ◽

10.1080/21645515.2019.1612667 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 15 (11) ◽

pp. 2713-2724

Author(s):

Ashleigh McGirr ◽

Shehzad M. Iqbal ◽

Patricia Izurieta ◽

Carla Talarico ◽

Janneke Luijken ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Literature Review ◽

Feasibility Study ◽

Systematic Literature Review ◽

Comparative Effectiveness ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Comparative Efficacy ◽

Conjugate Vaccines ◽

Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccines

Download Full-text

AB0602 IMPACT OF SOCIOECONOMIC FACTORS ON PAIN AND FUNCTION IN KNEE OSTEOARTHRITIS: A SYSTEMATIC LITERATURE REVIEW

Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases ◽

10.1136/annrheumdis-2021-eular.3634 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 80 (Suppl 1) ◽

pp. 1337.2-1337

Author(s):

T. W. Swinnen ◽

M. Willems ◽

I. Jonkers ◽

F. P. Luyten ◽

J. Vanrenterghem ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Literature Review ◽

Knee Osteoarthritis ◽

Socioeconomic Factors ◽

Systematic Literature Review ◽

Intervention Effects ◽

Socioeconomic Outcomes ◽

And Function ◽

The Impact

Background:The personal and societal burden of knee osteoarthritis (KOA) urges the research community to identify factors that predict its onset and progression. A mechanistic understanding of disease is currently lacking but needed to develop targeted interventions. Traditionally, risk factors for KOA are termed ‘local’ to the joint or ‘systemic’ referring to whole-body systems. There are however clear indications in the scientific literature that contextual factors such as socioeconomic position merit further scientific scrutiny, in order to justify a more biopsychosocial view on risk factors in KOA.Objectives:The aims of this systematic literature review were to assess the inclusion of socioeconomic factors in KOA research and to identify the impact of socioeconomic factors on pain and function in KOA.Methods:Major bibliographic databases, namely Medline, Embase, CINAHL, Web of Science and Cochrane, were independently screened by two reviewers (plus one to resolve conflicts) to identify research articles dealing with socioeconomic factors in the KOA population without arthroplasty. Included studies had to quantify the relationship between socioeconomic factors and pain or function. Main exclusion criteria were: a qualitative design, subject age below 16 years and articles not written in English or Dutch. Methodological quality was assessed via the Cochrane risk of bias tools for randomized (ROB-II) and non-randomized intervention studies (ROBIN-I) and the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale for assessing the quality of non-randomised studies. Due to heterogeneity of studies with respect to outcomes assessed and analyses performed, no meta-analysis was performed.Results:Following de-duplication, 7639 articles were available for screening (120 conflicts resolved without a third reader). In 4112 articles, the KOA population was confirmed. 1906 (25%) were excluded because of knee arthroplasty and 1621 (21%) because of other issues related to the population definition. Socioeconomic factors could not be identified in 4058 (53%) papers and were adjusted for in 211 (3%) articles. In the remaining papers covering pain (n=110) and/or function (n=81), education (62%) and race (37%) were most frequently assessed as socioeconomic factors. A huge variety of mainly dichotomous or ordinal socioeconomic outcomes was found without further methodological justification nor sensitivity analysis to unravel the impact of selected categories. Although the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) was the most popular instrument to assess pain and function, data pooling was not possible as socioeconomic factors estimates were part of multilevel models in most studies. Overall results showed that lower education and African American race were consistent predictors of pain and poor function, but those effects diminished or disappeared when psychological aspects (e.g. discrimination) or poverty estimates were taken into account. When function was assessed using self-reported outcomes, the impact of socioeconomic factors was more clear versus performance-based instruments. Quality of research was low to moderate and the moderating or mediating impact of socioeconomic factors on intervention effects in KOA is understudied.Conclusion:Research on contextual socioeconomic factors in KOA is insufficiently addressed and their assessment is highly variable methodologically. Following this systematic literature review, we can highlight the importance of implementing a standardised and feasible set of socioeconomic outcomes in KOA trials1, as well as the importance of public availability of research databases including these factors. Future research should prioritise the underlying mechanisms in the effect of especially education and race on pain and function and assess its impact on intervention effects to fuel novel (non-)pharmacological approaches in KOA.References:[1]Smith TO et al. The OMERACT-OARSI Core Domain Set for Measurement in Clinical Trials of Hip and/or Knee Osteoarthritis J Rheumatol 2019. 46:981–9.Disclosure of Interests:None declared.

Download Full-text

The impact of foreign aid on economic development: A systematic literature review and content analysis of the top 50 most influential papers

Journal of International Development ◽

10.1002/jid.3543 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Ziyoda Asatullaeva ◽

Reza Fathollah Zadeh Aghdam ◽

Nisar Ahmad ◽

Laylo Tashpulatova

Keyword(s):

Economic Development ◽

Content Analysis ◽

Literature Review ◽

Foreign Aid ◽

Systematic Literature Review ◽

The Impact

Download Full-text

Sustainability of Biosimilars in Europe: A Delphi Panel Consensus with Systematic Literature Review

Pharmaceuticals ◽

10.3390/ph13110400 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 13 (11) ◽

pp. 400

Author(s):

Arnold G. Vulto ◽

Jackie Vanderpuye-Orgle ◽

Martin van der Graaff ◽

Steven R. A. Simoens ◽

Lorenzo Dagna ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Health Care ◽

Literature Review ◽

Systematic Literature Review ◽

Health Care Systems ◽

Delphi Panel ◽

The European Union ◽

Modified Delphi ◽

Care Systems ◽

Supply Risks ◽

The Impact

Introduction: Biosimilars have the potential to enhance the sustainability of evolving health care systems. A sustainable biosimilars market requires all stakeholders to balance competition and supply chain security. However, there is significant variation in the policies for pricing, procurement, and use of biosimilars in the European Union. A modified Delphi process was conducted to achieve expert consensus on biosimilar market sustainability in Europe. Methods: The priorities of 11 stakeholders were explored in three stages: a brainstorming stage supported by a systematic literature review (SLR) and key materials identified by the participants; development and review of statements derived during brainstorming; and a facilitated roundtable discussion. Results: Participants argued that a sustainable biosimilar market must deliver tangible and transparent benefits to the health care system, while meeting the needs of all stakeholders. Key drivers of biosimilar market sustainability included: (i) competition is more effective than regulation; (ii) there should be incentives to ensure industry investment in biosimilar development and innovation; (iii) procurement processes must avoid monopolies and minimize market disruption; and (iv) principles for procurement should be defined by all stakeholders. However, findings from the SLR were limited, with significant gaps on the impact of different tender models on supply risks, savings, and sustainability. Conclusions: A sustainable biosimilar market means that all stakeholders benefit from appropriate and reliable access to biological therapies. Failure to care for biosimilar market sustainability may impoverish biosimilar development and offerings, eventually leading to increased cost for health care systems and patients, with fewer resources for innovation.

Download Full-text

ENTREPRENEURSHIP EDUCATION: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW OF THE METHODS IN IMPACT STUDIES

Journal of Enterprising Culture ◽

10.1142/s0218495813500064 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 21 (02) ◽

pp. 123-151 ◽

Cited By ~ 42

Author(s):

MICHAEL LORZ ◽

SUSAN MUELLER ◽

THIERRY VOLERY

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Literature Review ◽

Research Methods ◽

Systematic Literature Review ◽

Positive Impact ◽

Reliability And Validity ◽

Entrepreneurship Education ◽

Impact Studies ◽

Entrepreneurial Attitudes ◽

The Impact

The majority of studies that analyze the impact of entrepreneurship education on entrepreneurial attitudes, intentions, and venture activities report positive influences. However, several scholars have recently cast doubts about research methods and the generalizability of entrepreneurship education impact studies. In this study, we conducted a systematic literature review of the methods used in entrepreneurship education impact studies. Our results uncover significant methodological deficiencies and question the overwhelmingly positive impact of entrepreneurship education. Based on this evidence, we propose a series of recommendations to improve the reliability and validity of entrepreneurship education impact studies and we outline promising topics which are currently under-researched.

Download Full-text