Association between on-road driving performance test and usual walking speed or sustainable attention in the elderly; Preliminary survey

2022 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Yuta Tanaka ◽  
Yu Kume ◽  
Ayuto Kodama
Keyword(s):  
Performance Test ◽  
Walking Speed ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Driving Performance ◽  
Preliminary Survey

scholarly journals Human Nonmercaptalbumin Is a New Biomarker of Motor Function

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 2464
Author(s):  
Sadayuki Ito ◽  
Hiroaki Nakashima ◽  
Kei Ando ◽  
Kazuyoshi Kobayashi ◽  
Masaaki Machino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Grip Strength ◽  
Motor Function ◽  
Walking Speed ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Elderly Subjects ◽  
Locomotive Syndrome ◽  
Reduced Mobility

The ratio of human nonmercaptalbumin (HNA) and reduced albumin (HMA) may be a new marker for oxidative stress. Locomotive syndrome (LS) is reduced mobility due to impairment of locomotive organs. We investigated whether the HNA/HMA ratio could be a new biomarker of LS. This study included 306 subjects (mean age 64.24 ± 10.4 years) who underwent LS tests, grip strength, walking speed, and tests for HNA and HMA. Oxidative stress was measured by the ratio of HMA (f(HMA) = (HMA/(HMA + HNA) × 100)), and the subjects were divided into normal (N group; f[HMA] ≥ 70%) and low (L group; f[HMA] < 70%) groups. There were 124 non-elderly (<65 years) and 182 elderly subjects (≥65 years). There were no significant differences in LS, grip strength, and walking speed between the L and N groups in the non-elderly subjects. However, significant differences were found in the elderly subjects. In logistic regression analysis, there was an association between f(HMA) and the LS severity at older ages. LS in the elderly is associated with a decline in HMA and, thus, an increase in oxidative stress. Thus, f(HMA) is a new biomarker of LS.

scholarly journals Development and Validation of a Scale for Rating Motor Compensations Used for Reaching in Patients With Hemiparesis: The Reaching Performance Scale

2004 ◽  
Vol 84 (1) ◽  
pp. 8-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mindy F Levin ◽  
Johanne Desrosiers ◽  
Danielle Beauchemin ◽  
Nathalie Bergeron ◽  
Annie Rochette
Keyword(s):  
Upper Extremity ◽  
Performance Test ◽  
Movement Analysis ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Movement Strategies ◽  
Individual Scale ◽  
Development And Validation ◽  
Interrater Reliability Coefficients ◽  
Performance Scale ◽  
Stroke Assessment

Abstract Background and Purpose. Recent movement analysis studies have described compensatory movement strategies used by people with hemiparesis secondary to stroke during reaching and grasping tasks. The purpose of this article is to describe the development of a new scale—the Reaching Performance Scale (RPS)—for assessing compensatory movements for upper-extremity reaching in people with hemiparesis secondary to stroke. Subjects. Twenty-eight individuals with hemiparesis, with a mean age of 54.9 years (SD=18.6), participated. Methods. The study design involved scale development with expert panels and criterion standards for validity. Participants were evaluated on the new scale as well as other clinical tests for validity. They were videotaped while performing reaching and grasping movements. Results. The RPS scores correlated with measurements of grip force and Chedoke-McMaster Stroke Assessment and Upper Extremity Performance Test for the Elderly (TEMPA) scores. The RPS discriminated patients with different impairment levels according to the Chedoke-McMaster Stroke Assessment. Preliminary intrarater and interrater reliability coefficients were acceptable for the whole scale. Mean kappa values on individual scale components for 3 raters represented a mean of 67% (SD=13.5%) agreement. Discussion and Conclusion. Although the RPS shows some types of validity, more rigorous tests of reliability are needed for meaningful conclusions. This study is a first step in validating the scale to assess efficacy of intervention for motor recovery of the arm.

Evaluation of the supervisory system in elderly subjects with and without disinhibition

2000 ◽  
Vol 15 (7) ◽  
pp. 407-415 ◽  
Author(s):  
E Gokalsing ◽  
P.H. Robert ◽  
V Lafont ◽  
I Medecin ◽  
C Baudu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Performance Test ◽  
Neuropsychological Test ◽  
Continuous Performance Test ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Test Sequence ◽  
Elderly Subjects ◽  
Control Group ◽  
General Context ◽  
Boston Naming Test ◽  
Supervisory System

Disinhibition and irritability, defined as loss of behavioral and emotional control, are frequent in the elderly. The working hypothesis for this study was that these disorders are associated with a cognitive alteration of control processes that manifests as non-routine behavior because of the dysfunction of a general executive component known as the supervisory attentional system (SAS).MethodsA total of 28 elderly subjects with mild cognitive impairment were recruited and divided into two groups using the Neuropsychiatric Inventory. Fourteen subjects were allocated to the disinhibited group and 14 subjects matched for age, sex and educational level formed a disinhibition-free control group. The neuropsychological battery included the following tests: Mini Mental Score Evaluation, Boston Naming test, Token test, Trail Making and Verbal Fluency. Two tasks were specifically designed to stress the SAS: 1) A specific verbal sentence arrangement task in which subjects had to use sequential reasoning with verbal material. Each test sequence consisted of a series of words shown in jumbled order. The construction of some sequences had to be done by using familiar routine associations (valid conditions). In contrast, other sequences required the overriding selection of familiar routine associations, which were inappropriate within the general context of the task (invalid conditions). 2) Using the Continuous Performance Test, four aspects were evaluated: sustained, selective, preparation and suppressive attention.ResultsThe only group differences in neuropsychological test results were the following: 1) the sentence arrangement task. In comparison with the control group, the disinhibited group was impaired in invalid conditions and the calculated difference between the number of correct responses in invalid conditions minus that in valid conditions was significantly higher; and 2) the CPT. Disinhibited subjects had a significantly lower number of hits, exclusively in the ‘suppressive attention’ paradigm.These results suggest that subjects with disinhibition have impaired supervisory system function.

Cognitive and motor improvement after retesting in normal-pressure hydrocephalus: a real change or merely a learning effect?

2010 ◽  
Vol 112 (2) ◽  
pp. 399-409 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisabeth Solana ◽  
Maria Antonia Poca ◽  
Juan Sahuquillo ◽  
Bessy Benejam ◽  
Carme Junqué ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neuropsychological Tests ◽  
Motor Performance ◽  
Learning Effect ◽  
Performance Test ◽  
Walking Speed ◽  
Normal Pressure ◽  
Trail Making Test ◽  
Real Change ◽  
Trail Making ◽  
Motor Tests

Object The test-retest method is commonly used in the management of patients with normal-pressure hydrocephalus (NPH). One of the most widely used techniques in the diagnosis of this condition is evaluation of the patient's response to CSF evacuation by lumbar puncture (a so-called tap test or spinal tap). However, interpretation of improved results in subsequent evaluations is controversial because higher scores could reflect a real change in specific abilities or could be simply the result of a learning effect. Methods To determine the effect of testing-retesting in patients with NPH, the authors analyzed changes documented on 5 neuropsychological tests (the Toulouse-Pieron, Trail Making Test A, Grooved Pegboard, Word Fluency, and Bingley Memory tests) and several motor ability scales (motor performance test, length of step, and walking speed tests) in a series of 32 patients with NPH who underwent the same battery on 4 consecutive days. The same tests were also applied in 30 healthy volunteers. In both groups, the authors used the generalized least-squares regression method with random effects to test for learning effects. To evaluate possible differences in response depending on the degree of cognitive impairment at baseline, the results were adjusted by using the Mini-Mental State Examination scores of patients and controls when these scores were significant in the model. Results In patients with NPH there were no statistically significant differences in any of the neuropsychological or motor tests performed over the 4 consecutive days, except in the results of the Toulouse-Pieron test, which were significantly improved on Day 3. In contrast, healthy volunteers had statistically significant improvement in the results of the Toulouse-Pieron test, Trail Making Test A, and Grooved Pegboard test but not in the remaining neuropsychological tests. Patients in the healthy volunteer group also exhibited statistically significant improvement in the motor performance test but not in step length or walking speed. Conclusions No learning effect was found in patients with NPH on any of the neuropsychological or motor tests. Clinical improvement after retesting in these patients reflects real changes, and this strategy can therefore be used in both the diagnosis and evaluation of surgical outcomes.

Validity of the SC-StepMX pedometer during treadmill walking and running

2013 ◽  
Vol 38 (5) ◽  
pp. 520-524 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachel C. Colley ◽  
Joel D. Barnes ◽  
Allana G. Leblanc ◽  
Michael Borghese ◽  
Charles Boyer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Walking Speed ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Measurement Bias ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Activity Monitors ◽  
Step Counts ◽  
Mean Absolute Percent Error ◽  
Walking Speeds ◽  
Absolute Percent Error

The purpose of this study was to examine the validity of the SC-StepMX pedometer for measuring step counts. A convenience sample of 40 participants wore 4 SC-StepMX pedometers, 2 Yamax DigiWalker pedometers, and 2 Actical accelerometers around their waist on a treadmill at 4 speeds based on each participant's self-paced walking speed (50%, 100%, 180%, and 250%; range: 1.4–14.1 km·h–1). The SC-StepMX demonstrated lower mean absolute percent error (–0.2%) compared with the Yamax DigiWalker (–20.5%) and the Actical (–26.1%). Mean measurement bias was lower for the SC-StepMX (0.1 ± 9.1; 95% confidence interval = –17.8 to 18.0 steps·min–1) when compared with both the Yamax DigiWalker (–15.9 ± 23.3; 95% confidence interval = –61.6 to 29.7 steps·min–1) and the Actical (–22.0 ± 36.3; 95% CI = –93.1 to 49.1 steps·min–1). This study demonstrates that the SC-StepMX pedometer is a valid tool for the measurement of step counts. The SC-StepMX accurately measures step counts at slower walking speeds when compared with 2 other commercially available activity monitors. This makes the SC-StepMX useful in measuring step counts in populations that are active at lower intensities (e.g., sedentary individuals, the elderly).

Differences in Association of Walking for Recreation and for Transport With Maximum Walking Speed in an Elderly Japanese Community Population

2011 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 841-847 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masamitsu Kamada ◽  
Jun Kitayuguchi ◽  
Kuninori Shiwaku ◽  
Shigeru Inoue ◽  
Shimpei Okada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Ability ◽  
Walking Speed ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Functional Abilities ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Promotion Strategies ◽  
Elderly Japanese ◽  
Walking Time

Background:Physical activity contributes to maintaining functional ability later in life. Specific relationships between walking for particular purposes (eg, recreation or transport) and functional ability are not clear. It is useful for planning health promotion strategies to clarify whether walking time for recreation, or walking time for transport has the stronger relationship with maximum walking speed (MWS), a determinant of functional ability later in life in the elderly.Methods:A cross-sectional survey was conducted in 2007 using a sample of 372 community-dwelling elderly people aged 60 to 87 years in Mitoya Town, Unnan City, rural Japan. Associations with MWS were examined for self-reported weekly times of walking for recreation and for transport using multiple linear regression analyses.Results:Both in men and women, walking time for recreation was significantly associated with MWS after controlling for age, height, weight, hip and knee pain, and a number of chronic diseases (men: β = 0.18, P = .024; women: β = 0.17, P < .01). However, walking time for transport was not significantly associated with MWS (men: β = −0.094, P = .24; women: β = −0.040, P = .50).Conclusions:Walking for recreation may contribute to maintaining functional abilities such as MWS in the elderly.

scholarly journals Driving and Alzheimer's disease: A neuropsychological screening battery for the elderly

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 312-320
Author(s):  
Lucía Crivelli ◽  
María Julieta Russo ◽  
Mauricio Franco Farez ◽  
Mariana Bonetto ◽  
Cecilia Prado ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Assessment ◽  
Driving Simulator ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Driving Performance ◽  
Driving Ability ◽  
Elderly Subjects ◽  
Cognitive Tests ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Mild Dementia ◽  
Healthy Elderly

ABSTRACT As life expectancy increases, there is a marked increase in the elderly population eager to continue driving. A large proportion of these elderly drive safely, however, patients with mild dementia are high-risk drivers. Objective: to identify the cognitive tests that best predict driving ability in subjects with mild dementia. Methods: 28 drivers with mild dementia and 28 healthy elderly subjects underwent an extensive cognitive assessment (NACC Uniform Data Set Neuropsychological Battery), completed an adapted On Road Driving Test (ORDT) and a Driving Simulator assessment. Results: drivers with mild dementia made more mistakes on the ORDT and had slower responses in the simulator tasks. Cognitive tests correlated strongly with on road and simulator driving performance. Age, the Digit Symbol Modalities Test and Boston Naming Test scores were the variables that best predicted performance on the ORDT and were included in a logistic regression model. Conclusion: the strong correlation between driving performance and performance on specific cognitive tests supports the importance of cognitive assessment as a useful tool for deciding whether patients with mild dementia can drive safely. The algorithm including these three variables could be used as a screening tool for the detection of unsafe driving in elderly subjects with cognitive decline.

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