Documentation of the patient’s smoking status in common chronic diseases – analysis of medical narrative reports using the ULMFiT based text classification

Abstract Background Poor adherence to medication leads to worsening of the disease, increased mortality and substantial rise in health care costs. Aim It was our aim to evaluate drug adherence and influencing factors in a cohort of non-selected adult pharmacy customers with various chronic diseases and following long-term treatment. Design and Methods We conducted an 8 week anonymized survey in 152 German pharmacies using the Morisky Medication Adherence Scale to measure medication adherence and a questionnaire comprising questions on multiple factors with potential impact on adherence. Depression was assessed applying the Patient Health Questionnaire-9. Results In total, 1192 patients were included showing an overall adherence rate of 59.1%. A positive association to drug adherence was found in univariate analysis for non-smoking status, retirement, less disease related complaints, positive belief in drug effects, comprehensive knowledge about the disease and high quality of care by the physician and pharmacist. Multivariate regression analysis revealed that no or minimal depression (odds ratio (OR) 2.3, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.7–3.0), higher patient age (>63 years) (OR 2.2, CI 1.7–2.8), high perceived importance of the medication (OR 2.0, CI 1.5–2.6), good tolerability of the medication (OR 2.0, CI 1.2–3.5) and drug effect as expected or better (OR 1.6, CI 1.1–2.3) were positively correlated with adherence. Conclusions Suboptimal adherence to medication is common in pharmacy customers with chronic diseases. The determined factors influencing adherence may help to identify patients at risk for nonadherence and support the need of improvement in physicians’ communication with patients to achieve adequate adherence rates.

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ASSESSMENT OF THE IMPACT OF HARMFUL WORKING CONDITIONS AND SMOKING ON THE HEALTH OF INDUSTRIAL WORKERS

Hygiene and Sanitation ◽

10.18821/0016-9900-2019-98-6-646-651 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 98 (6) ◽

pp. 646-651 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Gennadiy A. Sorokin ◽

S. A. Syurin

Keyword(s):

Chronic Diseases ◽

Working Conditions ◽

Work Experience ◽

Smoking Status ◽

Subcutaneous Tissue ◽

Age Groups ◽

Negative Influence ◽

Industrial Workers ◽

State Of Health ◽

The Impact

Introduction. Currently, the main influence of adverse working conditions is manifested not only by the level of occupational morbidity and injuries but by the general state of health of employed persons. Among the most significant non-occupational exposure is tobacco smoking. The aim of the study was a comparative assessment of the influence of the factor “harmful working conditions” (Fwc) and the factor “Smoking” (Fsmo) on the prevalence and rate of development of the most frequently diagnosed chronic diseases in industrial workers. Material and methods. Working conditions, medical examination data and smoking status of 2810 Apatite-nepheline and copper-Nickel miners were studied (cross section study). Population risk (PR) and its annual increase (GPR) were studied in six classes of diseases: circulatory system (CS), digestive system (DS), genitourinary system (GUS), respiratory system (RS), musculoskeletal system (MSS), skin and subcutaneous tissue (SST), nervous system (NS). Morbidity factors were characterized by the duration of their exposure: harmful working conditions - work experience not related to age and duration of smoking; non - professional factors - age of employees not related to work experience and smoking; smoking-its duration not related to age and work experience. Results. Population rates among non-smokers and smokers, in groups with the same average age and work experience, did not differ statistically, except for CS, the frequency of which is lower in smokers. It can be assumed that these data refer to “paradoxical cases” in which the Fwc effect is masked by employee turnover. In contrast to extensive indices of PR, GPR indices of the majority of classes of diseases-accurately reveal negative influence of smoking on a state of health of miners. Conclusion. 1. For quantitative comparison of negative effects on the health of workers of Fwc and Fsmo it is necessary to use indices PR of dynamics in certain experience and age groups. 2. The impact of the Fwc on the GPR is more pronounced than Fsmo for MSS, RS, NS. The influence of Fsmo exceeds a Fwc for SST, CS and DS. 3. An annual gain in the risk of chronic diseases (except MSS), not differentiated by their classes, s in smokers is by 1.6 times more than in non-smokers.

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Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and heart failure: research and clinical practice in primary care

Italian Journal of Medicine ◽

10.4081/itjm.2015.560 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 9 (4) ◽

pp. 346

Author(s):

Francesco Chiumeo ◽

Stefania Folloni

Keyword(s):

Heart Failure ◽

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽

Pulmonary Disease ◽

Chronic Diseases ◽

General Practitioners ◽

Smoking Status ◽

Health Care Systems ◽

International Classification Of Diseases ◽

Chronic Obstructive ◽

Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

The treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and comorbidities, increasing with age, is the challenge that nowadays health care systems are facing to better care treat these patients. For this reason a clinical trial was conducted in the province of Trento by a group of 30 volunteer general practitioners members of SNAMID (Scientific Society for Continuing Medical Education of General Practitioners). The objectives were to identify: i) prevalence of COPD in patients (65-98 years) in the province of Trento; ii) presence and incidence of heart failure (HF) in COPD patients; iii) early detection of other chronic diseases; and iv) improving electronic medical records (EMR) as an innovation way of professional care management. From May 2011 to October 2013, 17 doctors completed the two-year work using the EMR. The studied patients were men and women (65-98 years), suffering from COPD; the considered data included: anthropometric information, smoking status, International Classification of Diseases (ICD)-9 diagnosis of COPD, HF and chronic diseases, specific blood and instrumental tests. The extracted results were then linked with data of <em>sentinel</em> therapies, collected by the EMR. The database obtained identified patients with COPD or HF not previously recognized with ICD-9 diagnosis. The study identified the <em>sentinel</em> drugs chosen for COPD and HF, excluding other drugs not selective for the study or confusing for a proper statistical evaluation.

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Sex-specific trends in smoking prevalence over seven years in different Austrian populations: results of a time-series cross-sectional analysis

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2019-035235 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (9) ◽

pp. e035235 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Thomas Ernst Dorner ◽

Helmut Brath ◽

Alexandra Kautzky-Willer

Keyword(s):

Chronic Diseases ◽

Smoking Prevalence ◽

Smoking Status ◽

Migration Background ◽

Daily Smoking ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Logistic Regression Models ◽

Patients With Diabetes ◽

Trends Over Time ◽

Sectional Analysis

ObjectivesAim of this study was to examine trends over time in smoking status in men and women, and in subgroups, in Austria, a country with poor smoking regulation policies.Design and participantsTwo cross-sectional surveys (Austrian Health Interview Surveys for 2007 and 2014), each with more than 15 000 participants from the general population, aged ≥15 years.Outcome measuresPrevalence of self-reported daily smoking. ORs for daily smoking in subgroups, presented as results of logistic regression models, adjusted for sociodemographic variables and presence of chronic diseases.ResultsPrevalence of daily cigarette smoking was 26.0% for men in both years, and increased from 19.1% to 22.0% (p<0.001) in women from 2007 to 2014. Smoking prevalence increased especially in female patients with diabetes mellitus (from 9.9% to 16.4%, p=0.005), obesity (from 17.1% to 21.6%, p=0.010) and hypertension (from 11.2% to 14.2%, p=0.010). Smoking prevalence increased significantly in unemployed men (from 43.6% to 57.1%, p<0.001). In women, smoking prevalence increased in those aged 30–64 years (from 21.9% to 26.3%, p<0.001) and 65+ (from 3.9% to 6.2%, p=0.002), with primary (from 17.2% to 24.4%, p<0.001) and secondary education (from 21.4% to 23.4%, p=0.021), and with a European (from 16.6% to 26.1%, p<0.001) and non-European migration background (from 25.0% to 32.8%, p=0.003). In the adjusted analysis for women in 2014, there was a higher likelihood of smoking (OR 1.22, 95% CI 1.12 to 1.32, p<0.001) compared with 2007, and for those affected by a chronic disease (OR 1.15, 95% CI 1.06 to 1.25, p=0.002).ConclusionsThere has been a remarkable increase in smoking prevalence over the 7-year period in women in Austria, especially for those with chronic diseases, higher age, lower education and a migration background. Better political and clinical efforts are needed to reduce the high tobacco use in Austria.

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The Impact of Smoking on Psoriasis Patients with Biological Therapies in a Bucharest Hospital

Journal of Personalized Medicine ◽

10.3390/jpm11080752 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (8) ◽

pp. 752

Author(s):

Maria-Magdalena Constantin ◽

Stefana Bucur ◽

Costina-Cristiana Mutu ◽

Elena Poenaru ◽

Rodica Olteanu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Chronic Diseases ◽

Biologic Therapy ◽

Smoking Status ◽

Severe Psoriasis ◽

Biologic Treatment ◽

Excessive Alcohol Consumption ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Life Threatening ◽

Group 2 ◽

The Impact

Psoriasis is an immune-mediated chronic inflammatory skin disease with extracutaneous manifestations, that affects about 1–3% of the world’s population. The disease is not life-threatening, but the disability which comes with it is comparable to the disability caused by other serious chronic diseases, such as oncologic or cardiovascular disease. Several risk factors, such as infections, stress, smoking, excessive alcohol consumption and genetic predisposition have been involved in inducing psoriasis. Smoking status is a risk factor for many chronic diseases, including psoriasis. Moreover, recent studies have tried to answer the question of whether smoking also influences the response to biologic therapy in patients with psoriasis. Through the current study, our intention is to find out how smoking affects the response to biologic treatment. A hospital-based cross-sectional, observational, non-interventional, retrospective study of moderate and severe psoriasis patients receiving biologic treatment was developed. Two groups were defined based on smoking status: group 1 included smokers (more than 10 cigarettes/day) and former smokers, and group 2 included non-smokers. The data that resulted from the analysis of the cohort of patients demonstrate that smoking status does not affect the response of biologic therapy in patients with moderate and severe psoriasis.

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Sedentary behaviour is associated with diabetes mellitus in adults: findings of a cross-sectional analysis from the Brazilian National Health System

Journal of Public Health ◽

10.1093/pubmed/fdy169 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 41 (4) ◽

pp. 742-749 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Ítalo Ribeiro Lemes ◽

Xuemei Sui ◽

Bruna Camilo Turi-Lynch ◽

Duck-chul Lee ◽

Steven N Blair ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Health System ◽

Sedentary Behaviour ◽

Chronic Diseases ◽

National Health ◽

Smoking Status ◽

National Health System ◽

Tv Viewing ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Adjusted Model

Abstract Background Sedentary behaviour (SB) may contribute to the development of several chronic diseases, such as hypertension, diabetes mellitus (DM) and all-cause mortality. The aim of this study is to investigate the association between different domains of SB with diabetes among adult users of the Brazilian National Health System (NHS). Methods Cross-sectional study from the primary care system of the Brazilian NHS in the city of Bauru, Brazil. SB, physical activity (PA), DM and other chronic diseases were assessed by face-to-face interviews and medical records. As potential confounders in the adjusted model, we used gender, age, economic status, smoking status, hypertension, hypercholesterolaemia and PA. Results The study was composed of 147 men and 410 women. The fully adjusted model showed that Brazilian adults spending ≥3 h per day in television viewing (OR = 1.61 [95% CI: 1.11–2.33]) and overall SB (OR = 1.60 [95% CI: 1.09–2.36]) had increased prevalence of DM compared to those spending <3 h per day. Conclusions TV viewing and overall SB was associated with higher prevalence of DM in Brazilian adults from the NHS, even after controlling for potential confounders including PA.

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Striae Gravidarum, Vitamin C and Other Related Factors

International Journal for Vitamin and Nutrition Research ◽

10.1024/0300-9831/a000049 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 81 (1) ◽

pp. 43-48 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Rahime Bedir Findik ◽

Nurcihan Karakurt Hascelik ◽

Kadir Okhan Akin ◽

Ayse Nurcan Unluer ◽

Jale Karakaya

Keyword(s):

Family History ◽

Vitamin C ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Smoking Status ◽

Multiple Logistic Regression Analysis ◽

Blood Levels ◽

Significant Relation ◽

Related Factors ◽

Thigh Circumference ◽

Striae Gravidarum

Background: Striae gravidarum, a clinical condition commonly seen in pregnant women, produces serious cosmetic problems and may lead to psychological problems. Aim: The present study investigated whether there was any relation between the presence of striae in primigravid pregnant women and blood vitamin C levels, and factors thought to contribute to the formation of striae such as family history, weight gained during pregnancy, smoking status, abdominal and thigh circumference, and age. Methods: Overall, 69 primigravid women attending routine antenatal follow-up and, using prophylactic iron and vitamin preparations, underwent investigation. All were pregnant 36 or more weeks. Scoring was based on striae examination and whether striae were present. The relation between the presence of striae, vitamin C blood levels, and other factors was investigated. Results and Conclusions: Multiple logistic regression analysis showed a significant relation between the presence of striae and blood vitamin C levels (p = 0.046) and between the presence of striae and family history (p = 0.023). No significant relation was found between the presence of striae and age, weight gained during pregnancy, abdominal and thigh circumference, or smoking status. It was concluded that further, more comprehensive studies on the issue are required.

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