Factors affecting interactions between different key actors in improved rice varieties innovation system in the Eastern Zone of Tanzania

Author(s):  
Sospeter J. Charles ◽  
Amon Z. Mattee ◽  
Catherine P. Msuya-Bengesi
Author(s):  
S. Charles ◽  
A.Z. Mattee ◽  
C.P. Msuya

The objective of the study was to establish the actors’ roles and functions in improved rice varieties innovation system in the Eastern Zone of Tanzania. The target population samples for the study comprised of household heads (n = 340) and other key identified actors (n = 99). The research design was a convergent parallel mixed method. Face-to-face interviews, focus group discussions and documentary review were used to collect the data. The findings indicate weak or inability of Agricultural Seed Agency, TANSEED International Ltd, Quality Declared Seed producers in seed multiplication and distribution and agro-dealers were not selling quality rice seeds, thereby resulting in low availability and high prices of the same. Also, the findings show weak participation of farmers, agro-dealers, traders and millers in the functions of guidance of the search and rice varieties development, and the limited number of market actors and weak credit mobilization for farmers to invest in IRVs. The study recommends for the Government of Tanzania to create enabling environment that enhances participation of all key actors in the processes of guidance of the search and rice varieties development; linking farmers with external markets; and enhancing the farmers’ access to credit facilities by working on the obstacles hampering farmers from accessing loans from financial institutions.


2020 ◽  
pp. 144-148
Author(s):  
А.П. Фомина ◽  
Р.А. Дрозд ◽  
М.И. Гайченя

Для достижения необходимого уровня конкурентоспособности экономики страны, развития национальной инновационной системы, требуется идентификация и актуализация факторов, оказывающих влияние на национальную инновационную систему, ее успешное функционирование. Из множества факторов, влияющих на инновационное развитие, необходимо выделить основные и второстепенные. В статье рассматриваются основные характеристики инновационного процесса, механизмы взаимодействия субъектов экономики и науки. Рассматриваются модели эндогенного роста и имитационного инновационного развития и интенсивного инновационного роста. При рассмотрении двух подходов к природе зарождения инновации: модель technology – push и модель market-pull, авторами выдвигается и подтверждается гипотеза о том, что фактором развития национальной инновационной системы является, прежде всего, реализация технологических инноваций. Авторами доказывается, что особое внимание необходимо уделить развитию научно-технической инновационной инфраструктуры. Развитие национальных инновационных систем может иметь секторальный характер: применение соответствующей экономической политики, стимулирующей развитие науки, технологий, инноваций в отдельных секторах экономики и кластерах, в которых под влиянием различных факторов сложились наиболее благоприятные условия для развития в сфере технологий. To achieve the required level of competitiveness of the country's economy, the development of a national innovation system, identification and updating of factors that influence the national innovation system and its successful functioning is required. Of the many factors affecting innovative development, it is necessary to distinguish the main and secondary. The article discusses the main characteristics of the innovation process, the mechanisms of interaction between economic entities and science. The models of endogenous growth and imitation innovative development and intensive innovative growth are considered. When considering two approaches to the nature of the origin of innovation: the technology-push model and the market-pull model, the authors put forward and confirm the hypothesis that the factor of development of the national innovation system is, first of all, the implementation of technological innovations. The authors prove that special attention should be paid to the development of scientific and technical innovation infrastructure. The development of national innovation systems can be of a sectoral nature: the application of appropriate economic policies that stimulate the development of science, technology, innovation in individual sectors of the economy and clusters, in which under the influence of various factors the most favorable conditions for development in the field of technology have developed.


2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Peng Xu ◽  
Fan Luo ◽  
Ziyue Zhang ◽  
Hongyi Xu

This study applies 3-stage data envelopment (DEA) of 24 listed companies in the development zone of Hubei Province from 2012 to 2017 based on the panel data; we used the DEA-Tobit model and regression analysis method on the sample in order to measure the factors affecting the innovation efficiency of listed companies and the efficiency of corporate innovation. The results demonstrated that the innovation efficiency of listed companies in the development zone of Hubei Province is relatively low. It is necessary to improve the innovation system of the development zone and give the full initiative to the role of corporate innovation as a mainstay. The four environmental variables of the number of enterprises, government subsidies, foreign direct investment in the development zone, and fixed asset investment have a significant impact on innovation efficiency. The enterprise size, operating capacity, and state-owned shares of the company have a significant positive impact on the innovation efficiency. But the number of years of the establishment has a significant negative impact on innovation efficiency. Moreover, the quality of the workers is not significant. Therefore, we must increase government investment in innovation to expand the scale of listed companies in the development zone, improve the environment for foreign investment, further strengthen the construction of talented people of companies, and enhance the original ability of innovation.


2020 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 100577
Author(s):  
Mohammad Esmailzadeh ◽  
Siamak Noori ◽  
Hamidreza Nouralizadeh ◽  
Marcel L.A.M. Bogers

2017 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 405-422 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helen Lawton Smith ◽  
Sharmistha Bagchi-Sen ◽  
Laurel Edmunds

This paper examines place-specific factors affecting geographies of innovation, that is, the transfer of research from the laboratory to bedside in the healthcare sector in four European bioscience regions. These regions are Medical Delta (MD; Leiden, Rotterdam and Delft, Netherlands) Oxford and the Thames Valley (OTV; UK), Biocat (Catalonia, Spain) and Life Science Zurich (LSZ; Switzerland). Evidence is drawn from the European Union-funded Healthcare Technology and Innovation for Economic Success (HealthTIES) project (2010–2013). The analytical framework, the HealthTIES Innovation Cycle, is organised into resources (inputs), innovation system elements and outcomes. The paper shows that each region represents different positions within international value chains of innovation in the healthcare sector. They range from the highly research intensive but with relatively less in the way of commercial exploitation location (OTV) to the less research intensive but with more commercialisation (LSZ).


2013 ◽  
Vol 584 ◽  
pp. 268-276
Author(s):  
Wei Hong Li

Through the research on the connotation of quality innovation capability in manufacturing enterprises, 22 factors influencing the quality innovation capability in manufacturing enterprises have been screened out. Based on this, the application of interpretative structural modeling (ISM) has determined the relationship between these factors, establishing the multilevel hierarchical structure model of the main factors affecting the quality innovation capability in manufacturing enterprises, and analyzing the relationships between the five levels of the model and the different roles of each factor that the quality innovation capability of manufacturing enterprises innovation system plays. The results have practical significance for manufacturing enterprises to enhance the quality of innovation capability.


2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 22
Author(s):  
Tianjing Gao

Strengthening the cultivation of college students' innovation and entrepreneurial ability is not only the urgent need of the construction of national innovation system, but also the need to adapt to social development, alleviate employment pressure and cultivate innovative talents. Taking Taizhou College of Nanjing Normal University as an example, through the investigation of the influencing factors of College students' innovation and entrepreneurial ability and the situation of College students' innovation and entrepreneurial ability, the research group understands the current situation of College students' innovation and entrepreneurship education, and analyzes the key factors affecting college students' innovation and entrepreneurial ability, Finally, it puts forward some suggestions and measures to improve the innovation and entrepreneurial ability of college students.


Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document