scholarly journals Prevention of adult pneumococcal pneumonia with the 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine: CAPiTA, the community-acquired pneumonia immunization trial in adults

2015 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 1825-1827 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raul Isturiz ◽  
Chris Webber
Keyword(s):  
Conjugate Vaccine ◽  
Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine ◽  
Pneumococcal Pneumonia ◽  
Community Acquired Pneumonia

scholarly journals Epidemiology of hospitalised paediatric community-acquired pneumonia and bacterial pneumonia following the introduction of 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine in the national immunisation programme in Japan

2020 ◽  
Vol 148 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Takeuchi ◽  
S. Naito ◽  
M. Ohkusu ◽  
K. Abe ◽  
K. Shizuno ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Conjugate Vaccine ◽  
Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine ◽  
Bacterial Pneumonia ◽  
Pneumococcal Pneumonia ◽  
Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Immunisation Programme ◽  
Community Acquired Pneumonia ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility Testing ◽  
National Immunisation Programme ◽  
National Immunisation

Abstract Studies on community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) and pneumococcal pneumonia (PP) related to the 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13) introduction in Asia are scarce. This study aimed to investigate the epidemiological and microbiological determinants of hospitalised CAP and PP after PCV13 was introduced in Japan. This observational hospital-based surveillance study included children aged ⩽15 years, admitted to hospitals in and around Chiba City, Japan. Participants had bacterial pneumonia based on a positive blood or sputum culture for bacterial pathogens. Serotype and antibiotic-susceptibility testing of Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae isolates from patients with bacterial pneumonia were assessed. The CAP hospitalisation rate per 1000 child-years was 17.7, 14.3 and 9.7 in children aged <5 years and 1.18, 2.64 and 0.69 in children aged 5–15 years in 2008, 2012 and 2018, respectively. There was a 45% and 41% reduction in CAP hospitalisation rates, between the pre-PCV7 and PCV13 periods, respectively. Significant reductions occurred in the proportion of CAP due to PP and PCV13 serotypes. Conversely, no change occurred in the proportion of CAP caused by H. influenzae. The incidence of hospitalised CAP in children aged ⩽15 years was significantly reduced after the introduction of PCV13 in Japan. Continuous surveillance is necessary to detect emerging PP serotypes.

The impact of heptavalent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine on the incidence of childhood community-acquired pneumonia and bacteriologically confirmed pneumococcal pneumonia in Japan

2015 ◽  
Vol 144 (3) ◽  
pp. 494-506 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. NAITO ◽  
J. TANAKA ◽  
K. NAGASHIMA ◽  
B. CHANG ◽  
H. HISHIKI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Conjugate Vaccine ◽  
Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Rate Ratio ◽  
Pneumococcal Pneumonia ◽  
Incidence Rate Ratio ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Community Acquired Pneumonia ◽  
Heptavalent Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine ◽  
The Impact

SUMMARYHeptavalent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV7) was introduced to Japan in 2010. We investigated the impact of PCV7 on childhood community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) and pneumococcal pneumonia (PP). Children aged <5 years living in Chiba city, Japan, who were admitted to hospitals were enrolled to estimate the incidence of CAP based on the mid-year population. PP was determined by the presence of Streptococcus pneumoniae in cultured blood and/or sputum samples of CAP patients. The incidence of CAP and S. pneumoniae isolated from PP patients was compared before (April 2008–March 2009) and after (April 2012–March 2013) the introduction of PCV7 immunization. The annual incidence of CAP was reduced [incidence rate ratio 0·81, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0·73–0·90]. When comparing post-vaccine with pre-vaccine periods, the odds ratio for PP incidence was 0·60 (95% CI 0·39–0·93, P = 0·024). PCV7-covered serotypes markedly decreased (66·6% in pre-vaccine vs. 15·6% in post-vaccine, P < 0·01), and serotypes 6C, 15A, 15C and 19A increased. Multidrug-resistant international clones in the pre-vaccine period (Spain6B-2/ST90, Taiwan19F-14/ST236) decreased, while Sweden15A-25/ST63 was the dominant clone in the post-vaccine period. A significant reduction in the incidence of both CAP hospitalizations and culture-confirmed PP of vaccine serotypes was observed at 2 years after PCV7 vaccination.

scholarly journals Pneumococcal Pneumonia Requiring Hospitalization in US Children in the 13-Valent Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine Era

2017 ◽  
Vol 64 (12) ◽  
pp. 1699-1704 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liset Olarte ◽  
William J. Barson ◽  
Ryan M. Barson ◽  
José R. Romero ◽  
John S. Bradley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Conjugate Vaccine ◽  
Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine ◽  
Pneumococcal Pneumonia ◽  
Us Children

scholarly journals Cost-effectiveness of adult pneumococcal conjugate vaccination in the Netherlands

2015 ◽  
Vol 46 (5) ◽  
pp. 1407-1416 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marie-Josée J. Mangen ◽  
Mark H. Rozenbaum ◽  
Susanne M. Huijts ◽  
Cornelis H. van Werkhoven ◽  
Douwe F. Postma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cost Effectiveness ◽  
High Risk ◽  
The Netherlands ◽  
Conjugate Vaccine ◽  
Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine ◽  
Pneumococcal Disease ◽  
Community Acquired Pneumonia ◽  
Base Case ◽  
Vaccination Strategies ◽  
Vaccine Type

The Community-Acquired Pneumonia Immunization Trial in Adults (CAPiTA) demonstrated the efficacy of 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13) in preventing vaccine-type community-acquired pneumonia and vaccine-type invasive pneumococcal disease in elderly subjects. We examined the cost-effectiveness of PCV13 vaccination in the Netherlands.Using a Markov-type model, incremental cost-effectiveness ratios (ICER) of PCV13 vaccination in different age- and risk-groups for pneumococcal disease were evaluated using a societal perspective. Estimates of quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs), costs, vaccine efficacy and epidemiological data were based on the CAPiTA study and other prospective studies. The base-case was PCV13 vaccination of adults aged 65–74 years compared to no vaccination, assuming no net indirect effects in base-case due to paediatric 10-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine use. Analyses for age- and risk-group specific vaccination strategies and for different levels of hypothetical herd effects from a paediatric PCV programme were also conducted.The ICER for base-case was €8650 per QALY (95% CI 5750–17 100). Vaccination of high-risk individuals aged 65–74 years was cost-saving and extension to medium-risk individuals aged 65–74 years yielded an ICER of €2900. Further extension to include medium- and high-risk individuals aged ≥18 years yielded an ICER of €3100.PCV13 vaccination is highly cost-effective in the Netherlands. The transferability of our results to other countries depends upon vaccination strategies already implemented in those countries.

scholarly journals Post hoc analysis of the efficacy of the 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine against vaccine-type community-acquired pneumonia in at-risk older adults

Vaccine ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 36 (11) ◽  
pp. 1477-1483 ◽  
Author(s):  
José A. Suaya ◽  
Qin Jiang ◽  
Daniel A. Scott ◽  
William C. Gruber ◽  
Chris Webber ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
At Risk ◽  
Conjugate Vaccine ◽  
Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine ◽  
Community Acquired Pneumonia ◽  
Post Hoc Analysis ◽  
Vaccine Type ◽  
Post Hoc

scholarly journals 2717. The Impact of Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine in Nonbacteremic Pneumococcal Pneumonia Among Cancer Patients

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. S956-S956
Author(s):  
Yeon Joo Lee ◽  
Rocco Richards ◽  
Yiqi Su ◽  
Anna Kaltsas ◽  
Genovefa Papanicolaou
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Conjugate Vaccine ◽  
Indirect Effect ◽  
Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine ◽  
Pneumococcal Pneumonia ◽  
Hematologic Malignancies ◽  
Childhood Immunization ◽  
Radiographic Findings ◽  
Sputum Production ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) and non-bacteremic pneumococcal pneumonia (NB-PNA) are associated with substantial morbidity and mortality in cancer patients. IPD incidence among cancer patients at MSKCC sharply declined after the introduction of routine childhood immunization with the 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV7) (1). An indirect effect of PCV on pneumococcal pneumonia incidence has also been reported (2, 3). The impact of PCV on the incidence of NB-PNA in patients with cancer has not been well studied. Methods Retrospective review of patients treated at MSKCC, 1993–2012. Unique patient visits (UPV) per year were defined as ≥1 inpatient or outpatient encounter within one calendar year. NB-PNA was defined as Isolation of Streptococcus pneumoniae from sputum or bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL); with associated symptoms (cough, sputum production, and/or fever) and radiographic findings compatible with pneumonia on chest radiograph or computerized chest tomography. NB-PNA incidence was calculated as number of NB-PNA cases per 1000 UPV. Three-time periods were examined: “before PCV7” (1993–2000), “after PCV7” (2001–2010), “after PCV13” (2011–2012). Results Of 323 NB-PNA cases, S. pneumoniae was isolated from BAL in 64 (20%) and sputum in 259 (80%). 182 (56%), 121 (37%), and 20 (7%) NB-PNA cases occurred “before PCV7,” “after PCV7,” and “after PCV13,” respectively. The incidence of NB-PNA was highest in patients with hematologic malignancies and in patients ≥65 years during all three periods (Table 1). NB-PNA incidence was lower “after PCV7” compared with “before PCV7” (0.47 vs. 0.13, P < 0.001). A non-statistically significant lower incidence of NB-PNA was noted “after PCV13” vs. “after PCV7” (0.13 vs. 0.09, P = 0.19). The highest decline of NB-PNA after PCV7 introduction was observed in patients ≥65 years (0.67 vs. 0.16, P < 0.001). Conclusion (1) The incidence of NB-PNA in adult cancer patient declined after PCV7 compared with before PCV7. (2) The reduction in NB-PNA was highest in patients ≥65 years suggesting an indirect effect from PCV7 childhood immunization. (3) A trend toward decreased incidence in NB-PNA was noted after PCV13; further surveillance is required to ascertain this trend. Disclosures All authors: No reported disclosures.

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