Pregnancy level of estradiol attenuated virus-specific humoral immune response in H5N1-infected female mice despite inducing anti-inflammatory protection

Hypertension is accompanied by the over-activation of macrophages. Diuretics administered alone or in combination with hypotensive drugs may have immunomodulatory effects. Thus, the influence of tested drugs on mouse macrophage-mediated humoral immunity was investigated. Mice were treated intraperitoneally with captopril (5 mg/kg) with or without hydrochlorothiazide (10 mg/kg) or furosemide (5 mg/kg) by 8 days. Mineral oil-induced peritoneal macrophages were harvested to assess the generation of cytokines in ELISA, and the expression of surface markers was analyzed cytometrically. Macrophages were also pulsed with sheep red blood cells (SRBC) and transferred to naive mice for evaluation of their ability to induce a humoral immune response. Tested drugs increase the expression of surface markers important for the antigen phagocytosis and presentation. SRBC-pulsed macrophages from mice treated with captopril combined with diuretics increased the secretion of antigen-specific antibodies by recipient B cells, while macrophages of mice treated with hydrochlorothiazide or furosemide with captopril increased the number of antigen-specific B cells. Tested drugs alter the macrophage secretory profile in favor of anti-inflammatory cytokines. Our results showed that diuretics with or without captopril modulate the humoral response by affecting the function of macrophages, which has significant translational potential in assessing the safety of antihypertensive therapy.

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Sequential Changes in the Humoral Immune Response of Pigs to Pseudorabies Virus after Vaccination, Exposure to Virulent Virus, and Reactivation of Latent Virus

Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation ◽

10.1177/104063879000200107 ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

pp. 35-43 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

William L. Mengeling ◽

Eugene C. Pirtle

Keyword(s):

Immune Response ◽

Humoral Immune Response ◽

Pseudorabies Virus ◽

Viral Proteins ◽

Latent Virus ◽

Virus Reactivation ◽

Dexamethasone Treatment ◽

Humoral Immune ◽

Attenuated Virus ◽

Virulent Virus

Sequential changes in the humoral immune response of pigs to pseudorabies virus (PRV) after each of several exposures to the virus were evaluated by determining virus neutralization (VN) and radioimmunoprecipitation (RIP) activities of sera collected at selected intervals. Pigs were vaccinated intramuscularly with live attenuated virus (6 pigs), inactivated attenuated virus (6 pigs), or inactivated virulent virus (6 pigs). All pigs were challenged oronasally with virulent virus 3 weeks later and 12 (4 pigs of each vaccine group) were subsequently treated with dexamethasone in an attempt to reactivate latent virus. The relatively low serum titers of VN antibody that were raised by vaccination (titers ranged from 2 to 32) increased markedly (at least 16-fold) for all pigs after exposure to virulent virus. After dexamethasone treatment, the VN titers of 2 pigs increased 16-fold, whereas those of the other 10 dexamethasone-treated pigs and the 6 nontreated pigs either remained the same or increased only minimally (i.e., no more than 2-fold). The results of RIP using 35S-methionine-labeled viral proteins were initially similar to those of VN in that the low levels of serum RIP activity detected after vaccination increased markedly after subsequent exposure to virulent virus. In contrast to VN, however, most pigs (11 of 12) treated with dexamethasone had a clear increase in serum RIP activity. The increase was particularly striking for viral proteins of relatively low (<46K) molecular weight. Precipitating activity for 14C-glucosamine-labeled viral glycoproteins was not detected until after pigs were exposed to virulent virus. The increase in RIP activity detected after dexamethasone treatment was likely due to an additional antigenic stimulus associated with virus reactivation. However, virus was isolated from nasal swabs of only 4 of the 12 treated pigs. None of the results appeared to be affected appreciably by the type of vaccine used for initial immunization.

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Regulation of TLR9-mediated human B cell functions by C3a and C3adesArg – A novel anti-inflammatory effect of C3a on the humoral immune response

Immunobiology ◽

10.1016/j.imbio.2016.06.033 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 221 (10) ◽

pp. 1138-1139

Author(s):

Mariann Kremlitzka ◽

Zsófia Csáti ◽

Christian M. Karsten ◽

Jörg Köhl ◽

Anna Erdei

Keyword(s):

Immune Response ◽

B Cell ◽

Humoral Immune Response ◽

Humoral Immune ◽

Cell Functions ◽

Anti Inflammatory ◽

Human B Cell ◽

Inflammatory Effect

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Humoral Immune Response During Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting

Circulation ◽

10.1161/circ.102.suppl_3.iii-95 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 102 (suppl_3) ◽

Author(s):

Anno Diegeler ◽

Nicolas Doll ◽

Thomas Rauch ◽

Dorothea Haberer ◽

Thomas Walther ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Immune Response ◽

Humoral Immune Response ◽

Operative Approach ◽

Surgical Trauma ◽

Off Pump ◽

Humoral Immune ◽

Tnf Α ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Group A ◽

Anti Inflammatory

Background —The introduction of limited approaches to the heart and the avoidance of cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) aim to reduce the invasiveness of CABG by decreasing the systemic release of inflammatory cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-6, and IL-8, as well as the anti-inflammatory agent IL-10. This study compares the humoral immune response in patients undergoing CABG with standard, minimally invasive, and “off-pump” techniques. Methods and Results —Thirty patients were divided into 3 operative groups: full sternotomy approach plus CPB (group A); full sternotomy approach, off pump (group B); and limited left anterior thoracotomy, off pump (group C). Plasma levels of TNF-α receptors p55 and p75, IL 6, IL-8, and IL-10 were taken at baseline, during CPB, and at 4, 24, and 48 hours and 6 days after surgery. A significant increased release of activated complement factors C5a and C3d, IL-8, and IL-10 was observed in patients subjected to CPB (group A) during the initial period and for a short time after perfusion ( P <0.05). TNF-α receptors p55 and p75 showed a prolonged elevation (up to 48 hours) in the CPB group compared with the 2 off-pump groups. IL-6 showed no different release among the 3 surgical groups throughout the entire period. There was no significant difference in any parameter measured in relation to the type of operative approach. Conclusions —There is an inflammatory, as well as an anti-inflammatory, response during CABG that is related to the general surgical trauma. The release of immune mediators is enhanced by the use of CPB during various perioperative and postoperative phases. The type of operative approach did not influence this immune response.

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