The Continuous Matching Task (CMT) – real-time procedural stimulus generation for adaptive testing of attention

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Johann-Christoph Münscher ◽  
Marcus Bürger ◽  
Philipp Yorck Herzberg
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Adaptive Testing ◽  
Matching Task ◽  
Stimulus Generation

scholarly journals An ANN-Based Approach for Real-Time Scheduling in Cloud Manufacturing

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 2491
Author(s):  
Shengkai Chen ◽  
Shuliang Fang ◽  
Renzhong Tang
Keyword(s):  
Resource Allocation ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Cloud Manufacturing ◽  
Smart Manufacturing ◽  
Matching Task ◽  
Task Completion ◽  
Ann Model ◽  
Real Time Scheduling ◽  
Time Scheduling

The cloud manufacturing platform needs to allocate the endlessly emerging tasks to the resources scattered in different places for processing. However, this real-time scheduling problem in the cloud environment is more complicated than that in a traditional workshop because constraints, such as type matching, task precedence, resource occupation, and logistics duration, need to be met, and the internal manufacturing plan of providers must also be considered. Since the platform aggregates massive manufacturing resources to serve large-scale manufacturing tasks, the space of feasible solutions is huge, resulting in many conventional search algorithms no longer being applicable. In this paper, we considered resource allocation as the key procedure for real-time scheduling, and an ANN (Artificial Neural Network) based model is established to predict the task completion status for resource allocation among candidates. The trained ANN model has high prediction accuracy, and the ANN-based scheduling approach performs better than the preferred method in terms of the optimization objectives, including total cost, service satisfaction, and make-span. In addition, the proposed approach has potential in the application for smart manufacturing or Industry 4.0 because of its high response performance and good scalability.

scholarly journals Real-time experimental control using network-based parallel processing

eLife ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Byounghoon Kim ◽  
Shobha Channabasappa Kenchappa ◽  
Adhira Sunkara ◽  
Ting-Yu Chang ◽  
Lowell Thompson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parallel Processing ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Modular Design ◽  
Task Demands ◽  
Editorial Note ◽  
Real Time Control ◽  
Experimental Control ◽  
Time Control ◽  
Neuroscience Research ◽  
Stimulus Generation

Modern neuroscience research often requires the coordination of multiple processes such as stimulus generation, real-time experimental control, as well as behavioral and neural measurements. The technical demands required to simultaneously manage these processes with high temporal fidelity is a barrier that limits the number of labs performing such work. Here we present an open-source, network-based parallel processing framework that lowers this barrier. The Real-Time Experimental Control with Graphical User Interface (REC-GUI) framework offers multiple advantages: (i) a modular design that is agnostic to coding language(s) and operating system(s) to maximize experimental flexibility and minimize researcher effort, (ii) simple interfacing to connect multiple measurement and recording devices, (iii) high temporal fidelity by dividing task demands across CPUs, and (iv) real-time control using a fully customizable and intuitive GUI. We present applications for human, non-human primate, and rodent studies which collectively demonstrate that the REC-GUI framework facilitates technically demanding, behavior-contingent neuroscience research.Editorial note: This article has been through an editorial process in which the authors decide how to respond to the issues raised during peer review. The Reviewing Editor's assessment is that all the issues have been addressed (<xref ref-type="decision-letter" rid="SA1">see decision letter</xref>).

scholarly journals Real-time experimental control using network-based parallel processing

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Byounghoon Kim ◽  
Shobha Kenchappa ◽  
Adhira Sunkara ◽  
Ting-Yu Chang ◽  
Lowell Thompson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parallel Processing ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Modular Design ◽  
Task Demands ◽  
Real Time Control ◽  
Experimental Control ◽  
Time Control ◽  
Neuroscience Research ◽  
Multiple Processes ◽  
Stimulus Generation

AbstractModern neuroscience research often requires the coordination of multiple processes such as stimulus generation, real-time experimental control, as well as behavioral and neural measurements. The technical demands required to simultaneously manage these processes with high temporal fidelity limits the number of labs capable of performing such work. Here we present an open-source network-based parallel processing framework that eliminates these barriers. The Real-Time Experimental Control with Graphical User Interface (REC-GUI) framework offers multiple advantages: (i) a modular design agnostic to coding language(s) and operating system(s) that maximizes experimental flexibility and minimizes researcher effort, (ii) simple interfacing to connect measurement and recording devices, (iii) high temporal fidelity by dividing task demands across CPUs, and (iv) real-time control using a fully customizable and intuitive GUI. Testing results demonstrate that the REC-GUI framework facilitates technically demanding, behavior-contingent neuroscience research. Sample code and hardware configurations are downloadable, and future developments will be regularly released.

scholarly journals Real-Time Generative Adaptive Digit Span Testing

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Harmon Wolfe
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Memory Span ◽  
Digit Span ◽  
Adaptive Testing ◽  
Research Strategy ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Adaptive Tests ◽  
Item Parameters ◽  
Psychometric Models ◽  
Test Information Function

This paper explores the subject of generative adaptive testing using the digit span test as an example. A large-sample study of computer-generated and administered digit-span items on Navy recruits showed an almost perfect correlation (.98-.99) between digit span length and IRT difficulty. Predicted IRT parameters can be used for adaptive testing using items generated in real-time. Our results suggest that the best research strategy for developing generative adaptive tests may be to start with the most elementary cognitive tasks, and then build toward more complete psychometric models of complex mental tasks. The results of this study are sufficiently encouraging so that the same research approach should be tried with other forms of memory span tests and more complex working memory tests, including tests for figures, colors, and words. The paper advances the conjecture that the test information function of a generative CAT system has a mathematical relationship to the model fit and the distribution of the model-specified item parameters, independent of the content domain of the test.

scholarly journals Generative Adaptive Testing with Digit Span Items

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Harmon Wolfe ◽  
Gerald E. Larson
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Linear Function ◽  
San Diego ◽  
Computerized Adaptive Testing ◽  
Item Difficulty ◽  
Digit Span ◽  
Adaptive Testing ◽  
Training Center

The feasibility of generating items in real-time for computerized adaptive testing is explored, using forward digit span as an exemplar. A sample of 531 recruits at the Naval Training Center in San Diego were administered 36 computer-generated forward digit span items of varying lengths. Calibrations showed that the item difficulty was a simple linear function of the number of digits in the item, thus making the difficulty of newly generated items predictable. Simulations of Computerized adaptive testing with the approach were conducted with favorable results.

scholarly journals Review of the shadow-test approach to adaptive testing

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wim J. van der Linden
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Time Management ◽  
Adaptive Testing ◽  
Basic Operation ◽  
Item Calibration ◽  
Security Monitoring ◽  
Calibration Time ◽  
Sequential Assembly

AbstractConstrained adaptive testing is reviewed as an instance of discrete maximization with the shadow-test approach delivering its solution. The approach may look counterintuitive in that it assumes sequential assembly of full test forms as its basic operation. But it always produces real-time solutions that are optimal and satisfy the set of specifications in effect for the test. Equally importantly, it can be used to run testing programs with different degrees of adaptation for the same set of specifications and/or as a tool to manage programs with simultaneous processes as adaptive item calibration, time management, and/or item-security monitoring.

Some Recent Results in Quiescent Prominence Spectrometry

1979 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
pp. 41-47
Author(s):  
Donald A. Landman
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Computer System ◽  
Spectral Response ◽  
Absolute Intensity ◽  
Solar Observatory ◽  
Target Size ◽  
Small Target ◽  
Signal Averaging ◽  
Quiescent Prominence

This paper describes some recent results of our quiescent prominence spectrometry program at the Mees Solar Observatory on Haleakala. The observations were made with the 25 cm coronagraph/coudé spectrograph system using a silicon vidicon detector. This detector consists of 500 contiguous channels covering approximately 6 or 80 Å, depending on the grating used. The instrument is interfaced to the Observatory’s PDP 11/45 computer system, and has the important advantages of wide spectral response, linearity and signal-averaging with real-time display. Its principal drawback is the relatively small target size. For the present work, the aperture was about 3″ × 5″. Absolute intensity calibrations were made by measuring quiet regions near sun center.

Video real-time imaging of artificial membranes during freeze-drying by cryo-electron microscopy

1988 ◽  
Vol 46 ◽  
pp. 16-17
Author(s):  
Alan S. Rudolph ◽  
Ronald R. Price
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Self Assembly ◽  
Freeze Drying ◽  
Video Capture ◽  
Drying Process ◽  
Artificial Membranes ◽  
The Past ◽  
Cryo Electron Microscopy ◽  
Spherical Structures ◽  
Capture Techniques

We have employed cryoelectron microscopy to visualize events that occur during the freeze-drying of artificial membranes by employing real time video capture techniques. Artificial membranes or liposomes which are spherical structures within internal aqueous space are stabilized by water which provides the driving force for spontaneous self-assembly of these structures. Previous assays of damage to these structures which are induced by freeze drying reveal that the two principal deleterious events that occur are 1) fusion of liposomes and 2) leakage of contents trapped within the liposome [1]. In the past the only way to access these events was to examine the liposomes following the dehydration event. This technique allows the event to be monitored in real time as the liposomes destabilize and as water is sublimed at cryo temperatures in the vacuum of the microscope. The method by which liposomes are compromised by freeze-drying are largely unknown. This technique has shown that cryo-protectants such as glycerol and carbohydrates are able to maintain liposomal structure throughout the drying process.

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