Genetic diversity and demographic history of the giant river catfish Sperata seenghala inferred from mitochondrial DNA markers

AbstractBackgroundThe Parsis, one of the smallest religious community in the world, reside in South Asia. Previous genetic studies on them, although based on low resolution markers, reported both Iranian and Indian ancestries. To understand the population structure and demographic history of this group in more detail, we analyzed Indian and Pakistani Parsi populations using high-resolution autosomal and uniparental (Y-chromosomal and mitochondrial DNA) markers. Additionally, we also assayed 108 mitochondrial DNA markers among 21 ancient Parsi DNA samples excavated from Sanjan, in present day Gujarat, the place of their original settlement in India.ResultsOur extensive analyses indicated that among present-day populations, the Parsis are genetically closest to Middle Eastern (Iranian and the Caucasus) populations rather than their South Asian neighbors. They also share the highest number of haplotypes with present-day Iranians and we estimate that the admixture of the Parsis with Indian populations occurred ∼1,200 years ago. Enriched homozygosity in the Parsi reflects their recent isolation and inbreeding. We also observed 48% South-Asian-specific mitochondrial lineages among the ancient samples, which might have resulted from the assimilation of local females during the initial settlement.ConclusionsWe show that the Parsis are genetically closest to the Neolithic Iranians, followed by present-day Middle Eastern populations rather than those in South Asia and provide evidence of sex-specific admixture from South Asians to the Parsis. Our results are consistent with the historically-recorded migration of the Parsi populations to South Asia in the 7thcentury and in agreement with their assimilation into the Indian sub-continent’s population and cultural milieu “like sugar in milk”. Moreover, in a wider context our results suggest a major demographic transition in West Asia due to Islamic-conquest.

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Changes in Genetic Diversity and Demographic History of Jankowski’s Bunting (Emberiza Jankowskii), as Revealed by Mitochondrial DNA and Microsatellite Markers

10.21203/rs.3.rs-265651/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Long Huang ◽

Guochen Feng ◽

Dan Li ◽

Weiping Shang ◽

Lishi Zhang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Genetic Diversity ◽

Mitochondrial Dna ◽

Genetic Variation ◽

Microsatellite Markers ◽

Population Size ◽

Demographic History ◽

Effective Population ◽

High Genetic Diversity ◽

History Of ◽

Eastern Inner Mongolia

Abstract The genetic variation and distribution of a population depend largely on the demographic history. For instance, populations that have recently experienced shrinkage usually have a lower genetic diversity. However, some endangered species with a narrow distribution have a high genetic diversity resulting from large historical population sizes and long generation times. In addition, very recent population bottlenecks may not be reflected in the population’s genetic information. In this study, we used a mitochondrial DNA marker and 15 microsatellite markers to reveal the genetic diversity, recent changes, inbreeding, and demographic history of a Jankowski’s bunting (Emberiza jankowskii) population in eastern Inner Mongolia. The results show that the genetic diversity of the population remained at a relatively stable and high level until recently. Severe population shrinkage did not result in a considerable lack of genetic variation because of the large historical population size and relatively short periods of human disturbance. In addition, introgression and gene flow among populations compensate for the loss of genetic variation to some extent. Considering the current small effective population size and the existence of inbreeding, we recommend that habitat protection be continued to maximize the genetic diversity of the Jankowski’s bunting population.

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Demographic history of wood stork (Mycteria americana) Brazilian Pantanal colonies revealed by mitochondrial DNA analysis

Genetics and Molecular Biology ◽

10.1590/s1415-47572006000200008 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 29 (2) ◽

pp. 241-250 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

Iara Freitas Lopes ◽

Reinaldo Alves de Brito ◽

Flávio Henrique-Silva ◽

Silvia Nassif Del Lama

Keyword(s):

Mitochondrial Dna ◽

Dna Analysis ◽

Demographic History ◽

Wood Stork ◽

Mycteria Americana ◽

Mitochondrial Dna Analysis ◽

History Of ◽

Brazilian Pantanal

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Population structure and demographic history of the chukar partridge Alectoris chukar in China

Current Zoology ◽

10.1093/czoolo/59.4.458 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 59 (4) ◽

pp. 458-474 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Sen Song ◽

Shijie Bao ◽

Ying Wang ◽

Xinkang Bao ◽

Bei An ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Genetic Diversity ◽

Gene Flow ◽

North America ◽

Demographic History ◽

Population Expansion ◽

Northwest China ◽

Population History ◽

Extant Species ◽

History Of ◽

Chukar Partridge

Abstract Pleistocene climate fluctuations have shaped the patterns of genetic diversity observed in extant species. Although the effects of recent glacial cycles on genetic diversity have been well studied on species in Europe and North America, genetic legacy of species in the Pleistocene in north and northwest of China where glaciations was not synchronous with the ice sheet development in the Northern Hemisphere or or had little or no ice cover during the glaciations’ period, remains poorly understood. Here we used phylogeographic methods to investigate the genetic structure and population history of the chukar partridge Alec-toris chukar in north and northwest China. A 1,152 – 1,154 bp portion of the mtDNA CR were sequenced for all 279 specimens and a total number of 91 haplotypes were defined by 113 variable sites. High levels of gene flow were found and gene flow estimates were greater than 1 for most population pairs in our study. The AMOVA analysis showed that 81% and 16% of the total genetic variability was found within populations and among populations within groups, respectively. The demographic history of chukar was examined using neutrality tests and mismatch distribution analyses and results indicated Late Pleistocene population expansion. Results revealed that most populations of chukar experienced population expansion during 0.027 ? 0.06 Ma. These results are at odds with the results found in Europe and North America, where population expansions occurred after Last Glacial Maximum (LGM, 0.023 to 0.018 Ma). Our results are not consistent with the results from avian species of Tibetan Plateau, either, where species experienced population expansion following the retreat of the extensive glaciation period (0.5 to 0.175 Ma).

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