scholarly journals Unipotent, Atoh1+ progenitors maintain the Merkel cell population in embryonic and adult mice

2015 ◽  
Vol 208 (3) ◽  
pp. 367-379 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margaret C. Wright ◽  
Erin G. Reed-Geaghan ◽  
Alexa M. Bolock ◽  
Tomoyuki Fujiyama ◽  
Mikio Hoshino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Merkel Cells ◽  
Merkel Cell ◽  
Cell Type ◽  
Cell Numbers ◽  
Skin Cells ◽  
Skin Cell ◽  
Adult Mice ◽  
Selective Ablation ◽  
Mammalian Skin ◽  
Stem Cell Populations

Resident progenitor cells in mammalian skin generate new cells as a part of tissue homeostasis. We sought to identify the progenitors of Merkel cells, a unique skin cell type that plays critical roles in mechanosensation. We found that some Atoh1-expressing cells in the hairy skin and whisker follicles are mitotically active at embryonic and postnatal ages. Genetic fate-mapping revealed that these Atoh1-expressing cells give rise solely to Merkel cells. Furthermore, selective ablation of Atoh1+ skin cells in adult mice led to a permanent reduction in Merkel cell numbers, demonstrating that other stem cell populations are incapable of producing Merkel cells. These data identify a novel, unipotent progenitor population in the skin that gives rise to Merkel cells both during development and adulthood.

scholarly journals High Glucose Causes Distinct Expression Patterns of Primary Human Skin Cells by RNA Sequencing

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shan Zhang ◽  
Zunxiang Ke ◽  
Chao Yang ◽  
Peng Zhou ◽  
Huanzong Jiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Rna Sequencing ◽  
Human Skin ◽  
High Glucose ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Cell Type ◽  
Skin Cells ◽  
Skin Cell ◽  
Glucose Treatment

Diabetes-related skin problems represent the most common long-term complications in diabetes mellitus patients. These complications, which include diabetic dermopathy, diabetic blisters, necrobiosis lipoidica diabeticorum, and eruptive xanthomatosis, may dramatically impair patients’ quality of life and cause long-lasting disability. However, the cellular and molecular mechanisms linking diabetes-related hyperglycemia and skin complications are still incompletely understood. To assess the role of the various skin-cell types in hyperglycemia-induced skin disorders, we performed RNA sequencing-based transcriptome analysis, measuring gene expression patterns in biological replicates in normal- and high glucose-stimulated skin cells. Three primary human skin-cell types were examined, i.e., epidermal keratinocytes, dermal fibroblasts, and dermal microvascular endothelial cells. For each separate cell type, we identified gene expression. Comparing gene abundances and expression levels revealed that transcription profiles exhibit distinct patterns in the three skin-cell types exposed to normal (i.e., physiological) glucose treatment and high (i.e., supraphysiological) glucose treatment. The obtained data indicate that high glucose induced differential gene expression and distinct activity patterns in signaling pathways in each skin-cell type. We are adding these data to the public database in the hope that they will facilitate future studies to develop novel targeted interventions for diabetic skin complications.

Morphological and morphometric studies of epidermal merkel cells and associated nerve endings

1978 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 620-621
Author(s):  
Kazumasa Kurosumi
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Light Microscopy ◽  
Nerve Fiber ◽  
Nerve Terminal ◽  
Normal Skin ◽  
Morphological Observation ◽  
Merkel Cells ◽  
Merkel Cell ◽  
Cell Type

The Merkel cell is the only cell type of the epidermis that is known to be sensory in nature, because it is always associated with a nerve fiber in normal skin. This cell type is more easily found by electron microscopy rather than light microscopy, as it contains characteristic granules. The chemical composition of these granules has not been known, but they seem to be closely related to the function of this cell, because the granules tend to be accumulated in the cytoplasmic area near the adjoining nerve terminal. Therefore, counting the number of these granules is available for determining the functional state of this cell. Morphometric examinations on the population and distribution of these granules especially after denervation were performed along with a simple morphological observation of the ultrastructure of this cell.

scholarly journals Cosmetic and Dermatological Properties of Selected Ayurvedic Plant Extracts

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 614
Author(s):  
Martyna Zagórska-Dziok ◽  
Aleksandra Ziemlewska ◽  
Tomasz Bujak ◽  
Zofia Nizioł-Łukaszewska ◽  
Zofia Hordyjewicz-Baran
Keyword(s):  
Skin Diseases ◽  
Multiple Reaction Monitoring ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Cell Protection ◽  
Skin Cells ◽  
Skin Cell ◽  
Aging Properties ◽  
Enzyme Superoxide Dismutase

Due to the constantly growing interest in ingredients of natural origin, this study attempts to evaluate the possibility of using extracts from three Ayurvedic plants in preparations for the care and treatment of skin diseases. Therefore, studies of antioxidant properties were carried out using DPPH and ABTS radicals, obtaining 76% and 88% of these radical scavenging, respectively. A significant decrease in the intracellular level of free radicals and an increase in the activity of the antioxidant enzyme-superoxide dismutase by almost 60% were also observed. In addition, the extracts were assessed for anti-inflammatory and anti-aging properties, obtaining over 70% inhibition of lipoxygenase activity and almost 40% of collagenase. Additionally, the cytoprotective properties of the obtained extracts on skin cells, keratinocytes and fibroblasts, were demonstrated. To assess the content of biologically active compounds, HPLC-electrospray ionization (ESI)-MS/MS multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) analyses were performed. The obtained results show that all three analyzed plants are a valuable source of biologically active substances with desired properties in the context of skin cell protection. Particularly noteworthy is the extract of Epilobium angustifolium L., for which the most promising results were obtained.

Ligand Binding Profile and Effects of Melanin-Concentrating Hormone on Fish and Mammalian Skin Cells

2006 ◽  
Vol 885 (1) ◽  
pp. 455-458 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. SUPLY ◽  
B. CARDINAUD ◽  
S. KANAMORI ◽  
C. DAL FARRRA ◽  
S. RICOIS ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ligand Binding ◽  
Binding Profile ◽  
Skin Cells ◽  
Mammalian Skin ◽  
Melanin Concentrating Hormone

scholarly journals Homo- and heterotypic cell-cell contacts in Merkel cells and Merkel cell carcinomas: heterogeneity and indications for cadherin switching

2011 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 286-303 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna M Werling ◽  
Yvette Doerflinger ◽  
Johanna M Brandner ◽  
Franca Fuchs ◽  
Jürgen C Becker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Merkel Cells ◽  
Merkel Cell ◽  
Cell Contacts ◽  
Cell Cell

Metastasis of cancer from Merkel cells to the thyroid gland

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 86-88
Author(s):  
Piotr Przyczyna ◽  
◽  
Elżbieta Trojnar ◽  
Dorota Bartusik-Aebisher ◽  
David Aebisher ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Embolism ◽  
Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Thyroid Gland ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Merkel Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Uterine Fibroids ◽  
Degenerative Changes ◽  
Merkel Cells ◽  
Merkel Cell ◽  
Left Buttock

Introduction. Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is a rare and aggressive neuroendocrine skin cancer. Aim. Herein described is a case of hypertensive patient, after removal of Merkel cancer of the left gluteus skin (2011), after pulmonary embolism (2013), with degenerative changes of the spine and uterine myoma, chronically treated with Warfarin, because of suspected thyroid cancer. Description of the case. A 70-year-old woman case after removing Merkel cancer of the left buttock skin (2011), after pulmonary embolism (2013), with degenerative changes of the spine and uterine fibroids treated chronically with Warfarin because of suspected thyroid cancer is described. Conclusion. Increasing evidence of Merkel cell carcinoma with immunodeficiency and neoplasia, and the management and outcome of these patients requires study.

SMALL CELL CARCINOMA OF THE SKIN “NON-MERKEL CELL TYPE”

1985 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 1029-1036
Author(s):  
Kenji Matsuo ◽  
Akira Sakamoto ◽  
Kioko Kawai ◽  
HIDEO Tschiyama ◽  
Akimi Miyata
Keyword(s):  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Small Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Small Cell ◽  
Merkel Cell ◽  
Cell Type

scholarly journals Merkel Cells Release Glutamate Following Mechanical Stimulation: Implication of Glutamate in the Merkel Cell-Neurite Complex

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Asuka Higashikawa ◽  
Maki Kimura ◽  
Miyuki Shimada ◽  
Sadao Ohyama ◽  
Wataru Ofusa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Stimulation ◽  
Merkel Cells ◽  
Merkel Cell

scholarly journals Identification and characterization of an injury-induced skeletal progenitor

2015 ◽  
Vol 112 (32) ◽  
pp. 9920-9925 ◽  
Author(s):  
Owen Marecic ◽  
Ruth Tevlin ◽  
Adrian McArdle ◽  
Eun Young Seo ◽  
Taylor Wearda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Progenitor Cells ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Gene Expression Patterns ◽  
Cell Type ◽  
Fracture Callus ◽  
Adult Mice ◽  
Induced Changes ◽  
Identification And Characterization

The postnatal skeleton undergoes growth, remodeling, and repair. We hypothesized that skeletal progenitor cells active during these disparate phases are genetically and phenotypically distinct. We identified a highly potent regenerative cell type that we term the fracture-induced bone, cartilage, stromal progenitor (f-BCSP) in the fracture callus of adult mice. The f-BCSP possesses significantly enhanced skeletogenic potential compared with BCSPs harvested from uninjured bone. It also recapitulates many gene expression patterns involved in perinatal skeletogenesis. Our results indicate that the skeletal progenitor population is functionally stratified, containing distinct subsets responsible for growth, regeneration, and repair. Furthermore, our findings suggest that injury-induced changes to the skeletal stem and progenitor microenvironments could activate these cells and enhance their regenerative potential.

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