scholarly journals Expression of endogenous murine leukemia viruses during the course of a protracted immunological disorder.

1977 ◽  
Vol 145 (4) ◽  
pp. 1060-1065 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Y Armstrong ◽  
N H Ruddle ◽  
F F Richards
Keyword(s):  
Murine Leukemia Virus ◽  
Leukemia Virus ◽  
Graft Versus Host Reaction ◽  
Host Reaction ◽  
F1 Hybrid ◽  
Graft Versus Host ◽  
Endogenous Viruses ◽  
Immunological Disorder ◽  
Leukemia Viruses ◽  
Murine Leukemia

Mice of the low leukemia (BALB/cJ x A/J)F1 hybrid (CAF1) strain express B-and N-tropic infectious murine leukemia virus (MuLV) after the age of 6 mo. Initation of a protracted immunological disorder, the graft-versus-host reaction (GVHR), at 7 wk of age, accelerates the induction of both these mouse-tropic endogenous viruses, and preferentially enhances the replication of B-tropic MuLV. The earlier appearance of B-tropic MuLV in a greater proportion of mice and in higher titer is thought to be casually related to the eventual development of lymphoreticular tumors in the GVHR mice, since previous studies have shown that these same tumors can be reproduced by inoculating syngeneic recipients with serially passaged GVHR extracts containing B-tropic MuLV.

Recent Studies on a Murine Leukemia Virus Grown in Tissue Culture

1967 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. 106-107
Author(s):  
L. Z. de Tkaczevski ◽  
E. de Harven ◽  
C. Friend
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Solid Tumors ◽  
Murine Leukemia Virus ◽  
Leukemia Virus ◽  
Supernatant Fluid ◽  
Virus Particles ◽  
Friend Leukemia ◽  
Type C ◽  
Leukemia Viruses ◽  
Murine Leukemia

Despite extensive studies, the correlation between the morphology and pathogenicity of murine leukemia viruses (MLV) has not yet been clarified. The virus particles found in the plasma of leukemic mice belong to 2 distinct groups, 1 or 2% of them being enveloped A particles and the vast majority being of type C. It is generally believed that these 2 types of particles represent different phases in the development of the same virus. Particles of type A have been thought to be an earlier form of type C particles. One of the tissue culture lines established from Friend leukemia solid tumors has provided the material for the present study. The supernatant fluid of the line designated C-1A contains an almost pure population of A particles as illustrated in Figure 1. The ratio is, therefore, the reverse of what is unvariably observed in the plasma of leukemic mice where C particles predominate.

scholarly journals Specificity studies on cytolytic T lymphocytes directed against murine leukemia virus-induced tumors. Analysis of monoclonal cytolytic T lymphocytes.

1982 ◽  
Vol 155 (4) ◽  
pp. 1050-1062 ◽  
Author(s):  
F Plata
Keyword(s):  
T Lymphocytes ◽  
Murine Leukemia Virus ◽  
Leukemia Virus ◽  
Target Cells ◽  
Cytolytic T Lymphocytes ◽  
Tumor Target ◽  
Induced Tumors ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Leukemia Viruses ◽  
Murine Leukemia

The specificities of cloned cytolytic T lymphocytes (CTL) were studied for the analysis of CTL populations generated against murine leukemia viruses (MuLV) in H-2 congenic BALB/c (H-2d) and BALB.B (H-2b) mice. In particular, CTL generated in response to tumors induced by Gross MuLV and Friend MuLV were studied; these tumors expressed virus-induced antigens that do not cross-react and that can be distinguished from each other. The systematic study of 92 CTL clones clearly indicated that MuLV-immune CTL were highly heterogeneous with respect to both the intensities of target cell lysis that they mediated and to their specificity of recognition of MuLV-induced tumor target cells. Various categories of CTL clones were identified, ranging from CTL clones tht were tightly H-2 restricted and specific for the immunizing tumor to CTL clones that displayed no discernible patterns of specificity and that attacked a large number of different target cells. In addition, the surface markers of these cloned CTL were defined, and the best conditions for their prolonged maintenance in culture were determined. The present data indicate that future efforts in the definition of target antigens recognized by tumor-specific CTL should be performed with monoclonal lymphocytes.

scholarly journals Replacement of Murine Leukemia Virus Readthrough Mechanism by Human Immunodeficiency Virus Frameshift Allows Synthesis of Viral Proteins and Virus Replication

2003 ◽  
Vol 77 (5) ◽  
pp. 3345-3350 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marie-Noëlle Brunelle ◽  
Léa Brakier-Gingras ◽  
Guy Lemay
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Murine Leukemia Virus ◽  
Stop Codon ◽  
Leukemia Virus ◽  
Viral Proteins ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Virus Model ◽  
Polyprotein Precursor ◽  
Leukemia Viruses ◽  
Murine Leukemia

ABSTRACT Retroviruses use unusual recoding strategies to synthesize the Gag-Pol polyprotein precursor of viral enzymes. In human immunodeficiency virus, ribosomes translating full-length viral RNA can shift back by 1 nucleotide at a specific site defined by the presence of both a slippery sequence and a downstream stimulatory element made of an extensive secondary structure. This so-called frameshift mechanism could become a target for the development of novel antiviral strategies. A different recoding strategy is used by other retroviruses, such as murine leukemia viruses, to synthesize the Gag-Pol precursor; in this case, a stop codon is suppressed in a readthrough process, again due to the presence of a specific structure adopted by the mRNA. Development of antiframeshift agents will greatly benefit from the availability of a simple animal and virus model. For this purpose, the murine leukemia virus readthrough region was rendered inactive by mutagenesis and the frameshift region of human immunodeficiency virus was inserted to generate a chimeric provirus. This substitution of readthrough by frameshift allows the synthesis of viral proteins, and the chimeric provirus sequence was found to generate infectious viruses. This system could be a most interesting alternative to study ribosomal frameshift in the context of a virus amenable to the use of a simple animal model.

scholarly journals Brief Report: Graft-Versus-Host Reaction in F1 Hybrid Mice Injected with Pre-Immunized Parental Thymus Cells

Blood ◽  
1964 ◽  
Vol 24 (6) ◽  
pp. 770-774 ◽  
Author(s):  
LUCIANO FIORE-DONATI ◽  
LUIGI CHIECO-BIANCHI ◽  
GIUSEPPE DE BENEDICTIS ◽  
GIUSEPPE TRIDENTE
Keyword(s):  
Lymphoid Cells ◽  
The Other ◽  
F1 Hybrids ◽  
Graft Versus Host Reaction ◽  
Host Reaction ◽  
F1 Hybrid ◽  
Graft Versus Host ◽  
Immunologic Activity ◽  
Thymus Cells ◽  
Hybrid Mice

Abstract Dissociated thymus cells are capable of initiating graft-versus-host reaction in (C3Hf/Gs x DBA/2)F1 hybrids only when derived from parental donors previously sensitized against the antigens of the other parental strain. The lower immunologic activity of thymus cells as compared with other lymphoid cells is presumably due to quantitative rather than qualitative differences in immunologically competent cells.

scholarly journals A MAJOR GENETIC LOCUS AFFECTING RESISTANCE TO INFECTION WITH MURINE LEUKEMIA VIRUSES

1973 ◽  
Vol 137 (3) ◽  
pp. 850-853 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wallace P. Rowe ◽  
James B. Humphrey ◽  
Frank Lilly
Keyword(s):  
Murine Leukemia Virus ◽  
Genetic Locus ◽  
Leukemia Virus ◽  
Chromosome 4 ◽  
Group Viii ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Mouse Cells ◽  
Resistance To Infection ◽  
Leukemia Viruses ◽  
Murine Leukemia

The Fv-1 gene, which regulates sensitivity of mouse cells to infection by naturally occurring host-range types of murine leukemia virus, was shown to be located on linkage group VIII (chromosome 4), 39 map units from b.

scholarly journals A Single Amino Acid Change in the Murine Leukemia Virus Capsid Gene Responsible for theFv1nr Phenotype

2000 ◽  
Vol 74 (11) ◽  
pp. 5385-5387 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong Tae Jung ◽  
Christine A. Kozak
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Murine Leukemia Virus ◽  
Amino Acid Change ◽  
Leukemia Virus ◽  
Single Amino Acid ◽  
Amino Acid Difference ◽  
Site Specific ◽  
Single Amino Acid Change ◽  
Leukemia Viruses ◽  
Murine Leukemia

ABSTRACT The nr allele at the mouse Fv1 restriction locus governs resistance to B-tropic and some N-tropic murine leukemia viruses (MLVs). Sequence analysis and site-specific mutagenesis of N-tropic MLVs identified a single amino acid difference responsible for this restriction that is distinct from the site that governs N or B tropism. Viruses with other substitutions at this site were evaluated for altered replication patterns.

scholarly journals THE INTERACTION OF DONOR AND HOST LYMPHOID CELLS IN THE PATHOGENESIS OF RENAL CORTICAL DESTRUCTION INDUCED BY A LOCAL GRAFT VERSUS HOST REACTION

1966 ◽  
Vol 123 (1) ◽  
pp. 103-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
William L. Elkins
Keyword(s):  
Host Cells ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Graft Versus Host Reaction ◽  
Developmental Phase ◽  
Donor Strain ◽  
Spleen Cells ◽  
Host Reaction ◽  
F1 Hybrid ◽  
Graft Versus Host ◽  
Donor Type

The graft versus host reaction (GVHR), which results from the injection of parental strain spleen cells beneath the kidney capsule of F1 hybrid rats, is transferable during its developmental phase into F1 hybrid hosts isogeneic with the primary host, but not into secondary hosts of the parental (donor) strain. Furthermore, the GVHR propagates but rarely in secondary hybrid hosts which are allogeneic with respect to the primary hosts, but which are also genetically tolerant of donor-type cells. These findings indicate that the donor cells not only initiate the GVHR but also maintain it by virtue of immunologically specific activity. Whole-body irradiation of (LBf)F1 and (LBN)F1 hosts 24 hours prior to the injection of parental (L) spleen cells results in inhibition of the subsequent GVHR to a degree commensurate with the radiation damage sustained by the lymphoid system of the host. Furthermore, propagation of transferred GVHRs did not occur if susceptible secondary hybrid hosts had been previously irradiated. These findings indicate that radiosensitive host cells play a continuing and essential role in the pathogenesis of the invasive-destructive lesion. It is concluded that the development of this lesion depends upon the continuous interaction of the specifically reactive donor-type cells with an immunologically non-specific population of host mononuclears.

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