The Immune Response toHaemophilus ducreyiResembles a Delayed‐Type Hypersensitivity Reaction throughout Experimental Infection of Human Subjects

Tattoos have become increasingly popular worldwide making adverse effects from tattoos a growing concern. In our report, we present a 51-year-old man who developed an unusual allergic reaction to the red ink portions of his tattoos that coincided with the initiation of ledipasvir/sofosbuvir treatment for his hepatitis C. Clinical and histological features were consistent with a delayed-type hypersensitivity reaction to red ink.

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Induction of delayed-type hypersensitivity and interferon-gamma to Candida albicans and anti-hen-egg white lysozyme antibody as phenotypic markers of enhanced bovine immune response

Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology ◽

10.1016/j.vetimm.2008.12.019 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 129 (1-2) ◽

pp. 93-100 ◽

Cited By ~ 20

Author(s):

Armando Heriazon ◽

Julie A. Yager ◽

William Sears ◽

Bonnie A. Mallard

Keyword(s):

Immune Response ◽

Candida Albicans ◽

Interferon Gamma ◽

Egg White ◽

Delayed Type Hypersensitivity ◽

Hen Egg White Lysozyme ◽

Phenotypic Markers ◽

Egg White Lysozyme ◽

Hen Egg White ◽

Hen Egg

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Effect of Hypertonic Saline Infusion on Postoperative Cellular Immune Function

Anesthesiology ◽

10.1097/00000542-200405000-00012 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 100 (5) ◽

pp. 1108-1118 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

Jens A. Kølsen-Petersen ◽

Jens-Ole D. Nielsen ◽

Else M. Tonnesen

Keyword(s):

Immune Response ◽

Immune Function ◽

Hypertonic Saline ◽

Cellular Immune Response ◽

Killer Cell ◽

Cell Activity ◽

Abdominal Hysterectomy ◽

Delayed Type Hypersensitivity ◽

Laboratory Animals ◽

Cellular Immune

Background Previous studies found hypertonicity to affect immune responses in intact laboratory animals and in human blood cell cultures. In this study, the authors investigated the cellular immune response to surgery after preoperative infusion of hypertonic saline in humans. Methods Sixty-two women scheduled to undergo abdominal hysterectomy were randomly assigned to single-blinded infusion of 4 ml/kg NaCl, 7.5%; 4 ml/kg NaCl, 0.9%; or 32 ml/kg NaCl, 0.9%, over 20 min. Blood was collected at baseline, during surgery, and 1, 24, and 48 h after surgery for the determination of leukocyte and differential counts, flow cytometric phenotyping of mononuclear cells, and natural killer cell activity against K 562 tumor cells. Phytohemagglutinin-induced lymphocyte proliferation, plasma elastase, and neutrophil chemotaxis were measured at the same time points except during surgery. The authors tested cell-mediated immune function in vivo by delayed-type hypersensitivity reaction in the skin. Results Surgery induced well-known changes in the cellular immune response, which were unrelated to the tonicity or volume of the infused fluids. Conclusion Infusion of a clinically relevant dose of hypertonic saline did not seem to modify the postoperative cellular immune response after elective abdominal hysterectomy.

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Corrective effects of original bioflavonoid complex in the cyclophosphamide-induced immunity disorders

Medical Immunology (Russia) ◽

10.15789/1563-0625-ceo-2072 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 22 (6) ◽

pp. 1111-1120

Author(s):

I. A. Goldina ◽

E. V. Markova ◽

I. A. Orlovskaya ◽

L. B. Toporkova ◽

V. A. Kozlov

Keyword(s):

Bone Marrow ◽

Immune Response ◽

Cellular Immune Response ◽

Proliferative Activity ◽

Lymphoid Organs ◽

Delayed Type Hypersensitivity ◽

Relative Mass ◽

Hematopoietic Progenitors ◽

Hematopoietic Stem ◽

Cellular Immune

Our aim was to evaluate immunomodulatory properties of an original bioflavonoid complex in experimental immune disturbances induced by cyclophosphamide (Cy). We have studied morphometric indexes of thymus and spleen, as well as blood leukocyte counts, cell proliferative activity in lymphoid organs, delayed hypersensitivity responses to T cell-dependent antigen, along with differentiation activity of bone marrow stem cells in experimental animals during Cy-induced immune suppression after a course of bioflavonoid treatment. Suspension of the bioflafonoid complex was introduced to the male mice (СВАхC57Bl/6)F1 aged 12- 14 weeks at a daily dose of 2 mg/animal (80 mg/kg), per os, using gastric catheter, over 14 days. Cytostatic immunosuppression was produced by a single intraperitoneal Cy injection. Proliferative activity of spleen and thymic cells was determined by standard method with Н3 -thymidine incorporation in the 72-h cell culture. Cellular immune response was assayed by the degree of delayed-type hypersensitivity development in response to sheep erythrocytes. The number of hematopoietic progenitors was evaluated by culturing bone marrow cells in methylcellulose-based medium. The experiments have shown mitigation of immunosuppressive effects induced by Cy, in the course of bioflavonoid complex treatment, with respect to absolute and relative mass of lymphoid organs and leukocyte numbers in peripheral blood. Moreover, we have demonstrated decreased effects of Cy treatment upon the spontaneous activity of spleen cells, mitogen-induced thymocyte and splenocyte proliferation, intensivity of delayed-type hypersensitivity response that reached the values of intact animals. Following the course of bioflavonoids, we have revealed an increase in early hematopoietic progenitors. Alleviation of Cy-induced suppressive effects upon cellular immune response, proliferation rates of immune cells, as well as stimulation of hematopoietic stem cell functions suggest a sufficient capacity of the original bioflavonoid complex for modulation of immunity and hematopoiesis, thus presenting experimental proofs for its potential usage as an adjuvant treatment of the patients with malignant diseases.

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SARS CoV-2 Might Exploit Cells of the Innate Immune System to Induce the Novel Acute Immune Dysrhythmic Syndrome (n-AIDS) and Para COVID-19 Syndrome.

10.31219/osf.io/4ufzy ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Mina Kelleni

Keyword(s):

Immune Response ◽

Innate Immune System ◽

Langerhans Cells ◽

Interesting Case ◽

Innate Immune ◽

Delayed Type Hypersensitivity ◽

The Novel ◽

Cytokine Storm ◽

Humoral Immune ◽

Cytokines And Chemokines

In this manuscript, we combine our insights towards COVID-19 to present a hypothesis that might explain its pathogenesis and complications while presenting an interesting case report of post COVID-19 allergic cell mediated (dysregulated) delayed type hypersensitivity. Moreover, we confirm our call to reclassify it as novel acute immune dysrhythmic syndrome (n-AIDS) to include both cytokine storm and we suggest to describe post or long COVID and other autoimmune complications as para COVID-19 syndrome. We suggest that SARS CoV-2 might exploit monocytes, macrophages and tissue resident macrophages including skin Langerhans cells to induce dysregulated cellular and humoral immune response through known and yet to be discovered cytokines and chemokines to ultimately induce the cytokine storm and/or autoimmune responses.

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