Footwear Exchange Has No Influence on the Incidence of Febrile Neutropenia in Patients Undergoing Chemotherapy for Hematologic Malignancies

2004 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroyuki Sugahara ◽  
Masao Mizuki ◽  
Sayoko Matsumae ◽  
Yoshiko Nabetani ◽  
Motoko Kikuchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Febrile Neutropenia ◽  
Nosocomial Infections ◽  
Surveillance System ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Neutropenic Patient ◽  
Hematologic Malignancies ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Infection Rates ◽  
Historical Comparison ◽  
Control And Prevention

AbstractObjective:To determine whether footwear exchange affects the incidence of febrile neutropenia among patients undergoing chemotherapy for hematologic malignancies.Design:Open trial with historical comparison.Setting:The 12-bed high-efficiency particulate air-fil-tered hematology unit at Osaka University Hospital, Suita, Japan.Patients:Those with hematologic malignancies who underwent chemotherapy from January 1997 through January 2003. Footwear exchange was discontinued in January 2000.Methods:The surveillance system was based on the National Nosocomial Infections Surveillance System of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Rates of febrile neutropenia were calculated for neutropenic patient-days (ie, days with neutropenia < 500/μL).Results:From January 1997 through December 1999 and from February 2000 through January 2003, 58 and 54 patients endured 237 and 184 neutropenic periods following chemotherapy, and their total neutropenic days were 3,123 and 2,503, respectively. They showed episodes of febrile neutropenia 89 and 68 times, respectively. Infection rates were 28.5 and 27.2 per 1,000 neutropenic patient-days (P = .83), respectively.Conclusion:The incidence of febrile neutropenia was not affected by footwear exchange. In hematology units, changing shoes does not appear to affect the rate of infections during neutropenic periods.

Device-Associated Nosocomial Infection Rates in Turkish Medical-Surgical Intensive Care Units

2006 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 343-348 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dilara Inan ◽  
Rabin Saba ◽  
Ata Nevzat Yalcin ◽  
Murat Yilmaz ◽  
Gozde Ongut ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Nosocomial Infection ◽  
Infection Rate ◽  
Nosocomial Infections ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Infection Rates ◽  
Surgical Intensive Care ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Device Associated Infection

Objective.To describe the incidence of device-associated nosocomial infections in medical-surgical intensive care units (MS ICUs) in a university hospital in Turkey and compare it with National Nosocomial Infections Surveillance (NNIS) system rates.Design.Prospective surveillance study during a period of 27 months. Device utilization ratios and device-associated infection rates were calculated using US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and NNIS definitions.Setting.Two separate MS ICUs at Akdeniz University Hospital, Antalya, Turkey.Patients.All patients were included who presented with no signs and symptoms of infection within the first 48 hours after admission.Results.Data on 1,985 patients with a total of 16,892 patient-days were analyzed. The mean overall infection rate per 100 patients was 29.1 infections, and the mean infection rate per 1,000 patient-days was 34.2 infections. The rate of ventilator-associated pneumonia was 20.76 infections per 1,000 ventilator-days, the rate of catheter-associated urinary tract infection was 13.63 infections per 1,000 urinary catheter–days, and the rate of catheter-associated bloodstream infection was 9.69 infections per 1,000 central line–days. The most frequently isolated pathogens were Pseudomonas species among patients with ventilator-associated pneumonias (35.8% of cases), Candida species among patients with catheter-associated urinary tract infections (37.1% of cases), and coagulase-negative staphylococci among patients with catheter-associated bloodstream infections (20.0% of cases).Conclusion.We found both higher device-associated infection rates and higher device utilization ratios in our MS ICUs than those reported by the NNIS system. To reduce the rate of infection, implementation of infection control practices and comprehensive education are required, and an appropriate nationwide nosocomial infection and control system is needed in Turkey.

scholarly journals Point Prevalence Survey of Nosocomial Infections in University Hospital in Martin

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 34-41
Author(s):  
E Malobicka ◽  
D Roskova ◽  
V Svihrova ◽  
H. Hudeckova
Keyword(s):  
Nosocomial Infections ◽  
Point Prevalence ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Prevalence Survey ◽  
Prevalence Studies ◽  
Surgical Department ◽  
Point Prevalence Survey ◽  
Control And Prevention ◽  
International Projects ◽  
The University

Abstract Nosocomial infections are a serious problem not only in Slovakia but in all countries. The European Commission decided on their standardized surveillance in the whole European Union. According methodology elaborated by experts from the European Centre for Disease Control and Prevention in Stockholm we performed a point prevalence survey in the University Hospital Martin. Our observed prevalence of nosocomial infections in University Hospital Martin within the point prevalence study was 5.2%. The highest point prevalence of nosocomial infections was found at the Surgical Department (9.3%). The most common type of nosocomial infections was urological infections (27.3%), sepsis (22.7%) and surgical site infection (22.7%). The most common microorganisms isolated from the biological material were Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Proteus mirabilis. Appropriate method of nosocomial infections surveillance is monitoring their prevalence in the point prevalence studies. International projects of nosocomial infections in the EU allow to compare the obtained results with other hospitals in the Member States.

Prevalence of Hospital-Acquired Infections During Successive Surveillance Surveys Conducted at a University Hospital in The Netherlands

2007 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 459-465 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. E. M. Hopmans ◽  
H. E. M. Blok ◽  
A. Troelstra ◽  
M. J. M. Bonten
Keyword(s):  
University Hospital ◽  
Infection Rates ◽  
Total Cost ◽  
Surgical Department ◽  
Hospital Acquired Infections ◽  
Orthopedic Procedure ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Cheap Method ◽  
Control And Prevention ◽  
Hospital Acquired

Objective.To monitor hospital-wide trends in the prevalence of hospital-acquired infections (HAIs) in order to identify areas where the risk of infection is increasing.Methods.Successive surveillance surveys were conducted twice yearly, from November 2001 until May 2004, to determine the prevalence of HAIs at 2 Dutch hospitals, using Centers for Disease Control and Prevention criteria.Results.In all, 340 HAIs were observed in 295 (11.1%) of 2,661 patients surveyed. The overall prevalence per survey varied from 10.2% to 15.6%, with no significant differences between successive surveys. In the surgical department, the prevalence of HAIs increased from 10.8 cases per 100 surgeries in November 2001 to 20.4 cases per 100 surgeries in May 2002. Further analysis revealed a high prevalence of surgical site infection among patients who had an orthopedic procedure performed. In the neurology-neurosurgery department, the prevalence increased from 13.0 cases per 100 patients in May 2002 to 26.6 cases per 100 patients in May 2003 and involved several types of infection. Further analysis retrieved exceptionally high incidences of infections associated with cerebrospinal fluid drainage. Specific infection control interventions were developed and implemented in both departments. The total cost of the surveys was estimated to be €9,100 per year.Conclusion.Successive performance of surveillance surveys is a simple and cheap method to monitor the prevalence of infection throughout the hospital and appeared instrumental in identifying 2 departments with increased infection rates.

Representativeness of the Surveillance Data in the Intensive Care Unit Component of the German Nosocomial Infections Surveillance System

2010 ◽  
Vol 31 (9) ◽  
pp. 934-938 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irina Zuschneid ◽  
Gerta Rücker ◽  
Rotraut Schoop ◽  
Jan Beyersmann ◽  
Martin Schumacher ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Nosocomial Infection ◽  
Nosocomial Infections ◽  
Surveillance System ◽  
Incidence Density ◽  
Infection Rates ◽  
Hospital Size ◽  
Surgical Icus ◽  
Device Associated Infection

Objective.To assess the representativeness of the data in the Krankenhaus Infektions Surveillance System (KISS), which is a nosocomial infections surveillance system for intensive care units (ICUs) in Germany.Design.Prospective and retrospective surveillance study.Setting.Medical-surgical ICUs in Germany.Methods.A sample of medical-surgical ICUs from all over Germany, stratified according to hospital size, was randomly selected. Surveillance personnel from the hospitals were trained in surveillance of nosocomial infections, and they subsequently conducted a 2-month surveillance in their ICUs. Data were compared with KISS data for medical-surgical ICUs.Results.During the period from 2004 through 2005, a total of 50 medical-surgical ICUs agreed to participate in our study: 21,832 patient-days were surveyed, and 262 cases of nosocomial infection were registered, 176 of which were cases of device-associated nosocomial infection (100 cases of lower respiratory tract infection, 47 cases of urinary tract infection, and 29 cases of bloodstream infection). The overall incidence density of all types of nosocomial infections was estimated to be 10.65 cases per 1,000 patient-days. Device utilization rates in the study ICUs and in the KISS medical-surgical ICUs were similar. The pooled mean device-associated infection rates were higher in the study ICUs than in the KISS medical-surgical ICUs (10.2 vs 5.1 cases of pneumonia; 2.0 vs 1.2 cases of bloodstream infection; and 2.7 vs 1.2 cases of urinary tract infection), but the pooled mean device-associated infection rates in the study ICUs were comparable to those of the KISS ICUs during their first year of participation in KISS. The incidence density for nosocomial infections in the study ICUs varied according hospital size, with ICUs in larger hospitals having a higher incidence density than those in smaller hospitals.Conclusions.KISS ICUs started with nosocomial infection rates comparable to those found in our study ICUs. Over the years of participation, however, a decrease in nosocomial infections is seen. Thus, rates of nosocomial infection from KISS should be used as benchmarks, but estimations for Germany that are based on KISS data may underestimate the real burden of nosocomial infections.

Favorable Impact of an Infection Control Network on Nosocomial Infection Rates in Community Hospitals

2006 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 228-232 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keith S. Kaye ◽  
John J. Engemann ◽  
Evelyn M. Fulmer ◽  
Connie C. Clark ◽  
Edwin M. Noga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nosocomial Infection ◽  
Infection Control ◽  
Nosocomial Infections ◽  
Bloodstream Infections ◽  
Control Network ◽  
Ventilator Associated Pneumonia ◽  
Infection Rates ◽  
Community Hospitals ◽  
Bloodborne Pathogens ◽  
Control And Prevention

Objective.To describe an infection control network (the Duke Infection Control Outreach Network [DICON]) and its impact on nosocomial infection rates in community hospitals.Design.Prospective cohort study of rates of nosocomial infections and exposures of employees to bloodborne pathogens in hospitals during the first 3 years of their affiliation with DICON. Attributable cost and mortality estimates were obtained from published studies.Setting.Twelve community hospitals in North Carolina and Virginia.Results.During the first 3 years of hospital affiliation with DICON, annual rates of nosocomial bloodstream infections at study hospitals decreased by 23% (P = .009). Annual rates of nosocomial infection and colonization due to methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus decreased by 22% (P = .002), and rates of ventilator-associated pneumonia decreased by 40% (P = .001). Rates of exposure of employees to bloodborne pathogens decreased by 18% (P = .003).Conclusions.The establishment of an infection control network within a group of community hospitals was associated with substantial decreases in nosocomial infection rates. Standard surveillance methods, frequent data analysis and feedback, and interventions based on guidelines and protocols from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention were the principal strategies used to achieve these reductions. In addition to lessening the adverse clinical outcomes due to nosocomial infections, these reductions substantially decreased the economic burden of infection: the decline in nosocomial bloodstream infections and ventilator-associated pneumonia alone yielded potential savings of $578,307 to $2,195,954 per year at the study hospitals.

Surveillance for Nosocomial Infections and Fever of Unknown Origin Among Adult Hematology–Oncology Patients

2002 ◽  
Vol 23 (5) ◽  
pp. 244-248 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steffen Engelhart ◽  
Axel Glasmacher ◽  
Martin Exner ◽  
Michael H. Kramer
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Nosocomial Infections ◽  
Surveillance System ◽  
Fever Of Unknown Origin ◽  
Surrogate Marker ◽  
Unknown Origin ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Prospective Surveillance ◽  
Oncology Patients ◽  
Tract Infections

Objective:To determine the incidence of nosocomial infections (NIs) and fever of unknown origin among adult hematology–oncology patients.Design:Prospective surveillance study.Setting:The 18-bed hematology–oncology unit at the University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany.Patients:All hematology–oncology patients admitted during a total of 8 months in 1998 and 1999.Methods:Standardized surveillance system based on the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's National Nosocomial Infections Surveillance system. Rates of NI and fever of unknown origin were calculated for patient-days and patient-days at risk (ie, days with neutropenia of < 500/mm3 or leukopenia of < 1,000/mm3).Results:Of 116 patients hospitalized for a total of 4,002 days (172 admissions; mean length of stay, 25.2 days), 32 (27.6%) had a total of 44 documented NIs (19 bloodstream infections, 15 pneumonias, 7 urinary tract infections, and 3 others). In addition, 33 fevers of unknown origin were documented in 28 patients. No patient had thrush while receiving antifungal prophylaxis. The overall rates for NI and fever of unknown origin were 11.0 and 8.2 per 1,000 patient-days (25.3 and 15.4 per 1,000 patient-days at risk), respectively. The risks for NI and fever of unknown origin were significantly higher during neutropenic days, with 34 (77.3%) of the 44 NIs and 22 (66.7%) of the 33 fevers of unknown origin occurring during 1,345 patient-days at risk.Conclusions:Prospective surveillance for NIs on hematology–oncology units should include fever of unknown origin as the single most common and clinically important entity. For a meaningful comparison of surveillance data for hematology–oncology patients, the reported infection rates should include rates based on days with neutropenia, for which days with leukopenia could serve as a surrogate marker under routine conditions.

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