scholarly journals Courtly Connections: Anthony Sherley’sRelation of his trauels(1613) in a Global Context

2016 ◽  
Vol 69 (1) ◽  
pp. 80-115
Author(s):  
Kaya Şahin ◽  
Julia Schleck
Keyword(s):  
Early Modern ◽  
Social Roles ◽  
Global Context ◽  
Political Ideologies ◽  
Local Actors

AbstractThis article revisits Anthony Sherley’sRelation of his trauels into Persia(1613), reading the text within the larger context of early modern Eurasia. It highlights the ways in which at least one European traveler sought and found not alterity, but commensurable structures, social roles, political ideologies, and personal motivations in the Islamic polities to the east and emphasized these connections to his European readers. Furthermore, in making the case that Sherley’s narrative is informed by local actors in Safavid Persia, it maintains that a certain level of Eastern knowledge is present within Western texts from this period and awaits scholarly excavation.

scholarly journals A Truly Free State in the Congo: Slavery and Abolition in Global Historical Perspective

2014 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 58-76
Author(s):  
John Donoghue
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
Early Modern ◽  
Democratic Republic ◽  
Democratic Republic Of Congo ◽  
Free Market ◽  
Colonial Rule ◽  
Global Context ◽  
Abolitionist Movement ◽  
Modern Capitalism ◽  
History Of

The differences between slavery now and then are less important than the historical links that bind them, links in an awful chain of bondage that bind the history of the transatlantic slave trade from Africa to the resurgence of slavery in Africa today. As this article illustrates, nowhere is this truer, both in historical and contemporary terms, than in the Congo. The links binding the Congo to the history of human bondage were first forged in the crucible of early modern capitalism and they have been made fast by the proliferation of “free market reform” today, which despite the fundamentalist cant of its advocates, has hardly proven to be a force of human liberation; instead, placing the last 500 years of the Congo region in global context, we can see how capitalism has proven to be the world’s greatest purveyor of human bondage. The article concludes with an argument that the reconstruction of civil society in the Democratic Republic of Congo after decades of war, dictatorship, and neo-colonial rule depends crucially on the continued success of an already impressive Congolese abolitionist movement. Without making an end to slavery, once and for all, civil society can hardly prosper in a country where slavery has historically brought about its destruction.

Reimagining the State in a Global Space

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Or Rosenboim
Keyword(s):  
World Order ◽  
The State ◽  
Nation State ◽  
Individual Liberty ◽  
Jacques Maritain ◽  
Global Context ◽  
Political Ideologies ◽  
European Unity ◽  
Post War ◽  
War Experience

This chapter examines perceptions of the state in a global context, arguing that the emergence of globalism encouraged mid-century thinkers to reimagine—but not abandon—the nation-state. In particular, it considers Raymond Aron’s proposals to reinterpret the political space of the nation-state in the post-war era and how the war experience formed his conceptualization of international relations. While the state remained for Aron the main bastion of individual liberty, he acknowledged its conceptual and structural insufficiency in the age of globalism. Aron’s interpretation of political ideologies in conversation with the sociologist Karl Mannheim and the philosopher Jacques Maritain led to the development of his loose and pluralistic vision of European unity held together by “political myth.” The chapter also compares Aron’s vision of world order with that of David Mitrany.

Patterns of Food Consumption in Early Modern Iran

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rudolph Matthee
Keyword(s):  
Early Modern ◽  
Food Consumption ◽  
Historical Perspective ◽  
Fruit And Vegetables ◽  
Seventh Century ◽  
Consumption Patterns ◽  
Regional Variations ◽  
Global Context ◽  
The World ◽  
The 1960S

This article examines patterns of food consumption in early modern Iran from a historical perspective and in a global context. The discussion focuses on the period of the Safavid and the Qajar dynasties, or the early sixteenth to early twentieth centuries. The article first considers Iran’s cultural linkage to the world between the seventh-century Arab invasion and the advent of modern communications in relatively recent times. It then looks at the origins and movement of food in Iran before analyzing the diet of Iranians, especially fresh fruit and vegetables. It also explores regional variations in food consumption patterns in Iran and concludes with an overview of the changes that have occurred in food consumption patterns in the country since the 1960s.

THE HARD BIRTH OF FRENCH LIBERALISM

2009 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 597-609
Author(s):  
JOHNSON KENT WRIGHT
Keyword(s):  
Early Modern ◽  
Political Thought ◽  
The Other ◽  
Happy Ending ◽  
Political Ideologies ◽  
The Right ◽  
Inside Out ◽  
Interpretative Framework

Last year, Andreas Kalyvas and Ira Katznelson published a brief, bold book on a topic from which historians of political thought have tended to shy away, curiously enough—the relations between republicanism and liberalism as political ideologies in the age of the American and French Revolutions. Liberal Beginnings: Making a Republic for the Moderns is relentlessly polemical, blaming this neglect on the historians and theorists responsible for resurrecting the early modern republican tradition over the last few decades. Pocock, Skinner, Wood, Petit, and more are assailed for having indulged in what Kalyvas and Katznelson call “republican nostalgia”—that is, for having wrongly presented republicanism as an alternative to modern liberalism, rather than its parent and precursor. Instead, the authors of Liberal Beginnings set out to show the ways in which republicanism evolved into liberalism, in and through the works of a set of leading thinkers—Smith, Ferguson, Paine, Madison, Staël, and Constant. Their story has a happy ending. Whatever was valuable and actual in republicanism was smoothly incorporated into early liberalism, for which they turn the dictionary inside out in search of approbative adjectives—“situated,” “thick,” “sturdy,” “confident,” “open,” “immanent,” “heterogeneous,” and “syncretic.” How persuasive is their account? Not a few readers will detect a hint of protesting too much in this kind of cheerleading. “Thick,” “sturdy,” and “confident” are surely not the first terms to spring to mind in regard to this gallery of thinkers, Staël and Constant least of all. It also seems clear that Kalyvas's and Katznelson's coverage of French thought, confined almost entirely to that pair, is too cursory to sustain their case. At one end, Montesquieu and Rousseau, the titans who together defined republicanism for the revolutionary generation, make only the most fleeting of appearances in Liberal Beginnings. At the other, Tocqueville, acknowledged on all sides as the master thinker of French liberalism, is missing altogether. Nevertheless, the attempt at treating anglophone and French thinkers within a single interpretative framework is in itself a virtually unprecedented feat, for which Kalyvas and Katznelson should be congratulated. For who could doubt that they are on exactly the right path in chasing their prey onto French soil?

The Roots of Rough Justice

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael J. Pfeifer
Keyword(s):  
Early Modern ◽  
Social History ◽  
The United States ◽  
Mob Violence ◽  
Antebellum America ◽  
Global Context ◽  
Class Hierarchies ◽  
History Of ◽  
Civil War Era ◽  
American Society

This deeply researched prequel to the author's 2006 study Rough Justice: Lynching and American Society, 1874–1947, analyzes the foundations of lynching in American social history. Scrutinizing the vigilante movements and lynching violence that occurred in the middle decades of the nineteenth century on the Southern, Midwestern, and far Western frontiers, this book offers new insights into collective violence in the pre-Civil War era. The book examines the antecedents of American lynching in an early modern Anglo-European folk and legal heritage. This is the first book to consider the crucial emergence of the practice of lynching slaves in antebellum America, and it also leads the way in analyzing the history of American lynching in a global context. Arguing that the origins of lynching cannot be restricted to any particular region, the book shows how the national and transatlantic context is essential for understanding how whites used mob violence to enforce the racial and class hierarchies across the United States.

scholarly journals Globalization and Modern Identity Practices - Locals and Cosmopolitans in Seventeenth Century Amsterdam

2017 ◽  
Vol 22 (43) ◽  
pp. 97
Author(s):  
Ulrich Ufer
Keyword(s):  
Seventeenth Century ◽  
Early Modern ◽  
Historical Analysis ◽  
Civic Identity ◽  
Cultural Identification ◽  
Cultural Meanings ◽  
Group Identities ◽  
Local Actors ◽  
Art And Architecture ◽  
Modern Identity

This paper offers a historical analysis of cultural identification among locals and cosmopolitans in Amsterdam, the centre of the seventeenth century world system. Here, the convergence of global processes and local changes, such as increasing monetization, commodification and anonymization of everyday lives generated conditions that contributed to the formation of modern individual and group identities. Early modern globalization gave rise to a “global animus” in Amsterdam and it prompted the city’s political elites to promote a cosmopolitan civic identity, expressed in allegoric art and architecture. On a theoretical level this paper criticizes objectifying or essentializing approaches to cultural globalization and to cultural identity and highlights instead the contradictions and ambiguities involved in the processes of attributing cultural meaning. A discussion of the poetry of Jacob Cats (1577–1660) reveals how local actors attributed contesting cultural meanings to the objects of global trade and how they acculturated them in different ways into their practices of local or cosmopolitan identification.

scholarly journals “One Kind of Water Brings Another.” Teresa de Jesús and Ibn ‘Arabi

Religions ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 542
Author(s):  
María M. Carrión
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Early Modern ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
16Th Century ◽  
Global Context ◽  
Ibn Arabi ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Mystical Literature ◽  
Teresa De Jesus ◽  
Vital Element

Mystical literature and spirituality from 16th-century Spain engage religious images from the three most prominent religions of al-Andalus—Christianity, Islam, and Judaism: among others, the dark night, the seven concentric castles, the gazelle, the bird, the sefirot‘s encircled iggulim or towering yosher, the sacred fountain, ruins, and gardens. Until the 20th-century, however, scholarship read these works mostly as “Spanish” mysticism, alienated from its Andalusī roots. This comparative study deploys theological, historical, and textual analysis to dwell in one of these roots: the figure of the garden’s vital element, water, as represented in the works of Teresa de Jesús and Ibn ‘Arabi. The well-irrigated life written by these mystics underscores the significance of this element as a path to life, knowledge, and love of and by God. Bringing together scholarship on Christian and Sufi mysticism, and underscoring the centrality of movement, flow, and circulation, this article pieces together otherwise disparate readings of both the individual work of these two figures and their belonging in a canon of Andalusī/Spanish mysticism. The weaving of these threads will offer readers a different understanding of early modern religion, alongside traditional readings of Spain’s mystical literature and its place in the global context.

The Inquisitorial Office in the Sixteenth-Century Habsburg Low Countries: A Dynamic Perspective

2015 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
GERT GIELIS ◽  
VIOLET SOEN
Keyword(s):  
Sixteenth Century ◽  
Early Modern ◽  
Low Countries ◽  
Religious Persecution ◽  
Global Context ◽  
Dynamic Perspective ◽  
Judicial Procedures

The long acknowledged Mediterranean character of the early modern Inquisition(s) has recently been positioned within a global context. This article aims to integrate the Habsburg Low Countries into this newly emerging picture. Firstly, it argues that the Inquisition there should be understood as an office rather than as a tribunal: only individual inquisitors were called upon as specialised judges for offending clerics, or for judicial proceduresde fideconducted by laymen. Secondly, this article emphasises that the inquisitorial office underwent continual redefinition in the four decades of its existence. Hence, the situation in the Low Countries offers a contrast to the religious persecution in France and England, where secular courts more clearly monopolised jurisdiction over heresy, and to the institutionally organised tribunals on the Iberian and Italian peninsulas.

scholarly journals Baitul Rahmah: a Final Evolution of The Malay Classical Style Amidst Change

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 78-98
Author(s):  
Noorhanita Abdul Majid ◽  
Puteri Shireen Jahn Kassim ◽  
Tengku Anis Qarihah Binti Raja Abdul Kadir ◽  
Abdul Razak Bin Sapian ◽  
Abu Dzar Bin Samsudin
Keyword(s):  
Early Modern ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Vernacular Architecture ◽  
Local Communities ◽  
Timber Structure ◽  
Early 20Th Century ◽  
Global Context ◽  
Classical Style ◽  
Typological Variation ◽  
Final Evolution

The paper highlights the significance and position of the Baitul Rahmah, an early 20th-century mansion in Kuala Kangsar, Perak, Malaysia, as a key milestone of stylistic  evolvement of local vernacular architecture. Its form embodies, a typological variation  at a time of growing Colonial imperialism, while its grammar and language refers to early modern  stylistic expression reflecting the fundamental principles of indigenous architecture. The Baitul Rahmah brings to light how a final evolution and epitome of  the vernacular projects an identity as a cosmopolitan manifestation.  Its internal ornamentation recalls the stylized forms of local motifs and reflect a form of control and minimalism; i.e. an ‘ornamental decorum’. Its wood-carved expressions seem stylised into increasing ‘modernised’ simplication and  modularity, while  its masonry- timber structure reflect the identity of hybridity  in architecture which symbolise the tensions of local communities as they step into the 1900s into a global context.  

A South Asianist's Response to Lieberman's Strange Parallels

2011 ◽  
Vol 70 (4) ◽  
pp. 983-993
Author(s):  
Ramya Sreenivasan
Keyword(s):  
Southeast Asia ◽  
Early Modern ◽  
South Asia ◽  
Global Context ◽  
Point Of Entry ◽  
Early Modern South Asia

In this response to Victor Lieberman's Strange Parallels: Southeast Asia in Global Context, c. 800–1830, I provide an outline of some significant trends in the historiography of early modern South Asia as it has evolved in the last decade or so. Both the period and the themes reviewed here reflect my own research interests. While Lieberman cites much of the research that I describe here in his chapter on South Asia in Strange Parallels, my reading of the significance of that work is somewhat at odds with his interpretation. This outline is primarily intended for non-South Asianist readers of the JAS, who might find this thematic treatment to be a useful point of entry to the field. It was this thematically oriented conversation that provoked the liveliest discussion during the colloquium at the Hawaii Conference on which this response is based.

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