Experimental research on the relationship between bypass diode configuration of photovoltaic module and hot spot generation

2018 ◽  
Vol 39 (12) ◽  
pp. 124014
Author(s):  
Cong Gao ◽  
Peng Liang ◽  
Huixue Ren ◽  
Peide Han
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Research ◽  
Hot Spot ◽  
Photovoltaic Module ◽  
Bypass Diode ◽  
The Relationship

scholarly journals Investigation of the Relationship between Reverse Current of Crystalline Silicon Solar Cells and Conduction of Bypass Diode

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hong Yang ◽  
He Wang ◽  
Minqiang Wang
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
Crystalline Silicon ◽  
Hot Spot ◽  
Reverse Current ◽  
Silicon Solar Cells ◽  
Crystalline Silicon Solar Cells ◽  
Bypass Diode ◽  
Silicon Materials ◽  
First Time ◽  
The Relationship

In the process of crystalline silicon solar cells production, there exist some solar cells whose reverse current is larger than 1.0 A because of silicon materials and process. If such solar cells are encapsulated into solar modules, hot-spot phenomenon will emerge in use. In this paper, the effect of reverse current on reliability of crystalline silicon solar modules was investigated. Based on the experiments, considering the different shaded rate of cells, the relation between reverse current of crystalline silicon solar cells and conduction of bypass diode was investigated for the first time. To avoid formation of hot spots and failure of solar modules, the reverse current should be smaller than 1.0 A for 125 mm × 125 mm monocrystalline silicon solar cells when the bias voltage is at −12 V.

Model and Analysis of the Output Characteristics of Photovoltaic Module

2012 ◽  
Vol 608-609 ◽  
pp. 195-198
Author(s):  
An Na Wang ◽  
Biao Wu ◽  
Chen Xing Zhang ◽  
Yan Li Song
Keyword(s):  
Light Intensity ◽  
Hot Spot ◽  
Photovoltaic Module ◽  
Model Based ◽  
Pv Module ◽  
Pv Modules ◽  
Output Characteristics ◽  
The Relationship

The model based on matlab S-function of the photovoltaic module describes the relationship between temperature and light intensity of the output characteristics of PV module from the UI and PU curves; This paper further analyzes and discusses the mechanism of hot spot phenomenon of the PV modules and gives reasonable solutions for different situations.

scholarly journals Necessity Analysis of Bypass Diode for AC Module under Partial Shading Condition

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (16) ◽  
pp. 4778
Author(s):  
Huixue Ren ◽  
Peide Han
Keyword(s):  
Hot Spot ◽  
Local Maximum ◽  
Maximum Power ◽  
Photovoltaic Module ◽  
Maximum Power Point ◽  
Partial Shading ◽  
Point Tracking ◽  
Power Point Tracking ◽  
Bypass Diode ◽  
Power Point

To protect a photovoltaic module from the hot spot effect more efficiently, an AC (alternating current) module that contains a module-level MPPT (maximum power point tracking) has been put forward. In this paper, operation states of shadowed solar cells and relevant bypass diodes were studied through MATLAB/Simulink tools, and a commercial PV module was used to reveal the temperature change when working at different LMPP (local maximum power point). Experiment results show that bypass diode can reduce power loss for the AC module to some extent but has a limited effect on protecting the AC module from the hot spot effect. Instead, it is more likely to form a local hot spot when the bypass diode turns on, and the worst shading condition for the AC module with bypass diode is about 46.5% during work states.

scholarly journals Study on the Relationship between the miRNA-centered ceRNA Regulatory Network and Fatigue

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xingzhe Yang ◽  
Feng Li ◽  
Jie Ma ◽  
Yan Liu ◽  
Xuejiao Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Gene Regulatory Network ◽  
Regulatory Network ◽  
Hot Spot ◽  
Genetic Research ◽  
Noncoding Rnas ◽  
Messenger Rnas ◽  
Effective Prevention ◽  
Gene Regulatory ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractIn recent years, the incidence of fatigue has been increasing, and the effective prevention and treatment of fatigue has become an urgent problem. As a result, the genetic research of fatigue has become a hot spot. Transcriptome-level regulation is the key link in the gene regulatory network. The transcriptome includes messenger RNAs (mRNAs) and noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs). MRNAs are common research targets in gene expression profiling. Noncoding RNAs, including miRNAs, lncRNAs, circRNAs and so on, have been developed rapidly. Studies have shown that miRNAs are closely related to the occurrence and development of fatigue. MiRNAs can regulate the immune inflammatory reaction in the central nervous system (CNS), regulate the transmission of nerve impulses and gene expression, regulate brain development and brain function, and participate in the occurrence and development of fatigue by regulating mitochondrial function and energy metabolism. LncRNAs can regulate dopaminergic neurons to participate in the occurrence and development of fatigue. This has certain value in the diagnosis of chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS). CircRNAs can participate in the occurrence and development of fatigue by regulating the NF-κB pathway, TNF-α and IL-1β. The ceRNA hypothesis posits that in addition to the function of miRNAs in unidirectional regulation, mRNAs, lncRNAs and circRNAs can regulate gene expression by competitive binding with miRNAs, forming a ceRNA regulatory network with miRNAs. Therefore, we suggest that the miRNA-centered ceRNA regulatory network is closely related to fatigue. At present, there are few studies on fatigue-related ncRNA genes, and most of these limited studies are on miRNAs in ncRNAs. However, there are a few studies on the relationship between lncRNAs, cirRNAs and fatigue. Less research is available on the pathogenesis of fatigue based on the ceRNA regulatory network. Therefore, exploring the complex mechanism of fatigue based on the ceRNA regulatory network is of great significance. In this review, we summarize the relationship between miRNAs, lncRNAs and circRNAs in ncRNAs and fatigue, and focus on exploring the regulatory role of the miRNA-centered ceRNA regulatory network in the occurrence and development of fatigue, in order to gain a comprehensive, in-depth and new understanding of the essence of the fatigue gene regulatory network.

The Stress Analysis and Experimental Research of Tubular K-Joints With Overlap

1987 ◽  
Vol 109 (4) ◽  
pp. 375-380
Author(s):  
Tie-yun Chen ◽  
Wei-min Chen
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Stress Concentration ◽  
Variational Method ◽  
Stress Analysis ◽  
Experimental Research ◽  
Hot Spot ◽  
Intersection Point ◽  
Tubular Joints ◽  
Photoelastic Experiment ◽  
Intersection Curves

The geometry of overlapping tubular joints, the equations of intersection curves and the coordinate of the intersection point are introduced first. The variational method for simple tubular joints is extended to the stress analysis of tubular K-joints with overlap. The computer program is compiled. The stress concentration factor and the position of the hot spot of an overlapping joint are found. For the sake of proving the feasibility of our analysis and program, the computed results are compared with experimental data of our photoelastic experiment and other experiments.

scholarly journals A dynamic model for series and parallel resistance of photovoltaic cell using material properties extraction and energy tunnel

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-21
Author(s):  
Kotchapong Sumanonta ◽  
Pasist Suwanapingkarl ◽  
Pisit Liutanakul
Keyword(s):  
Series Resistance ◽  
Photovoltaic Cell ◽  
Photovoltaic Module ◽  
Practical Application ◽  
Pv Module ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Outdoor Test ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Parallel Resistance ◽  
Novel Model

This article presents a novel model for the equivalent circuit of a photovoltaic module. This circuit consists of the following important parameters: a single diode, series resistance (Rs) and parallel resistance (Rp) that can be directly adjusted according to ambient temperature and the irradiance. The single diode in the circuit is directly related to the ideality factor (m), which represents the relationship between the materials and significant structures of PV module such as mono crystalline, multi crystalline and thin film technology.  Especially, the proposed model in this article is to present the simplified model that can calculate the results of I-V curves faster and more accurate than other methods of the previous models. This can show that the proposed models are more suitable for the practical application. In addition, the results of the proposed model are validated by the datasheet, the practical data in the laboratory (indoor test) and the onsite data (outdoor test). This ensures that the less than 0.1% absolute errors of the model can be accepted.

scholarly journals On Directional Dendritic Growth and Primary Spacing—A Review

Crystals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 627 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joel Strickland ◽  
Bogdan Nenchev ◽  
Hongbiao Dong
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Research ◽  
Dendritic Growth ◽  
Primary Spacing ◽  
Process Variables ◽  
Directionally Solidified ◽  
The Past ◽  
Current State ◽  
Growth Problem ◽  
Solidification Parameters ◽  
The Relationship

The primary spacing is intrinsically linked with the mechanical behavior of directionally solidified materials. Because of this relationship, a significant amount of solidification work is reported in the literature, which relates the primary spacing to the process variables. This review provides a comprehensive chronological narrative on the development of the directional dendritic growth problem over the past 85 years. A key focus within this review is detailing the relationship between key solidification parameters, the operating point of the dendrite tip, and the primary spacing. This review critiques the current state of directional dendritic growth and primary spacing modelling, briefly discusses dendritic growth computational and experimental research, and suggests areas for future investigation.

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