scholarly journals Flexural Strength of Fly ash Brick Masonry Wall with four different bond

2021 ◽  
Vol 2070 (1) ◽  
pp. 012190
Author(s):  
S Shenbagavalli ◽  
Ramesh Babu Chokkalingam
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Flexural Strength ◽  
Carrying Capacity ◽  
Masonry Wall ◽  
Crack Pattern ◽  
Brick Masonry ◽  
The Other ◽  
Masonry Walls ◽  
Load Carrying Capacity ◽  
Load Carrying

Abstract The strength of the masonry mainly depends on type of bond, types of bricks, compressive strength of the bricks and mortar used. The types of bonds play a major role in the properties of brick masonry wall. The most common types of bond used in practice are English bond, Flemish bond, Stretcher bond and Header bond. A lot of study has been performed on the load-carrying capacity of masonry walls. In this paper, effort has been taken to study the influence of different bonds on the flexural strength of the flyash brick masonry wall. For this wall of size 1m × 0.76m × 0.22m has been casted, cured for 28 days and tested in a loading frame. From the results, it was found the English bond gave higher flexural strength compared to other bonds such as Flemish, Stretcher and Header bond. The flexural strength of English bond was around 45 to 50% higher than the other bonds. The crack pattern at failure was also noted for all the masonry walls.

scholarly journals Effect of Chases with Renovation Techniques on the Load Carrying Capacity of Masonry Walls

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (11) ◽  
pp. 160
Author(s):  
Adnan Al-Sibahy ◽  
Rodger Edwards
Keyword(s):  
Carrying Capacity ◽  
Cement Mortar ◽  
Masonry Wall ◽  
Load Flow ◽  
Wire Mesh ◽  
Galvanized Steel ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Masonry Walls ◽  
Load Carrying Capacity ◽  
Load Carrying

Infrastructure through the masonry walls (for example, wiring and piping works) are usually installed using chases in different directions. Introducing these chases in a newly built wall will affect its overall load carrying capacity. However, there has thus far been very limited research into the effects of chases on the response and load carrying capacity of walls. This study has been undertaken to evaluate the structural behaviour of new masonry walls having chases in both horizontal and vertical directions and subjected to compression load throughout an extensive experimental programme. In addition, two renovation techniques have been proposed to infill the chases created in small scale walls (wallettes). The first technique involved the use of plastic wire mesh and cement mortar, while the second incorporated using galvanized steel channel together with the plastic wire mesh and cement mortar. Furthermore, a reference case of wallette without chases has been considered to enable reasonable comparisons to check the effect of the chases and the efficiency of the proposed renovation techniques. The outcomes of this study were used to modify the design equations proposed in the relevant codes of practice. The obtained results showed a notable reduction in the load carrying capacity of the masonry wall due to the introduction of the chases with a reduction percentage of 29% compared to the masonry wall without chase. The percentage decrease depends on the depth of the chase and the inclination angle of the load flow. The walls with horizontal chases exhibited more reduction in the load carrying capacity compared to those with vertical chases. The adopted renovation techniques using galvanized steel channel and/or plastic wire mesh with cement mortar recovered 55% and 93% of the lost load carrying capacity due to the presence of the chase and the failure was due to the de-bonded phenomena of the infill materials. Suitable factors of safety have been proposed to be incorporated in the compressive strength and modulus of elasticity formulas of the masonry walls of the BS EN codes.

Development of Hybrid FRP-Concrete Composite Compression Members

2007 ◽  
Vol 26-28 ◽  
pp. 329-332 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyung Joong Joo ◽  
Seung Sik Lee ◽  
Soon Jong Yoon ◽  
Ju Kyung Park ◽  
Kwang Yeoul Shin
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Flexural Strength ◽  
Carrying Capacity ◽  
Analytical Investigation ◽  
Filament Winding ◽  
Load Carrying Capacity ◽  
Steel Tubes ◽  
Load Carrying ◽  
Frp Tube ◽  
Frp Tubes

The concrete-filled steel tubes have been widely used in buildings and civil structures. However the corrosion of the steel tubes results in the loss of load carrying capacities of the members and, therefore, there is a need for regular maintenance. To mitigate such maintenance issues and prevent the loss of load carrying capacity, FRP composite were suggested as the candidate material. A number of research works has shown that the use of FRP tubes produced by filament winding technique was very effective on the improvement of compressive strength of the concrete-filled FRP tubes (CFFT). However the filament wound FRP tubes did mot contribute to the increase of the flexural strength of a CFFT. In this paper, a new type of FRP tube which consists of several pultruded open sections assembled by filament winding technique is proposed to improve compressive strength as well as flexural strength of a CFFT. The load carrying capacity of proposed CFFT is discussed through the analytical investigation.

Ultra-Durable Concretes: Structure at the Micro- and Nanoscale

MRS Bulletin ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 29 (5) ◽  
pp. 324-327 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian P. Vernet
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Particle Size Distribution ◽  
Size Distribution ◽  
Carrying Capacity ◽  
Load Carrying Capacity ◽  
Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Remarkable Improvement ◽  
Load Carrying ◽  
Wide Particle Size Distribution

AbstractUltrahigh-performance concretes (UHPCs) are obtained by optimizing several technologies: minimizing the amount of water added, using superplasticizers and a wide particle size distribution, and packing the particles to improve fluidity with minimized water additions and to optimize load-carrying capacity. Fibers can be incorporated to increase ductility, leading to ultrahigh-performance fiber-reinforced concretes (UHPFRCs). Such enhanced concretes can approach the compressive strength of steel, with a remarkable improvement in durability. UHPCs offer new solutions for innovative construction, especially in aggressive environments.

Guidelines for flexural design of FRP reinforced concrete beams

2020 ◽  
pp. 002199832097373
Author(s):  
Fares Jnaid
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Reinforced Concrete ◽  
Carrying Capacity ◽  
Concrete Beams ◽  
Large Diameter ◽  
Reinforced Concrete Beams ◽  
Load Carrying Capacity ◽  
Concrete Compressive Strength ◽  
Load Carrying ◽  
Multiple Variables

This paper investigates the effects of different parameters on the live load carrying capacity of concrete beams reinforced with FRP bars. The author performed a parametric study utilizing an innovative numerical approach to inspect the effects of multiple variables such as reinforcement ratio, concrete compressive strength, span to depth ratio, FRP type, and bar diameter on load carrying capacity of FRP reinforced concrete beams. This study concluded that unless the span to height ratio is smaller than 8, tension-controlled sections are impractical as they do not meet code requirements for serviceability. In addition, it is recommended to use higher reinforcement ratios when using larger span to depth ratios and/or when using CFRP reinforcing bars. Moreover, larger number of bars with small diameter is more practical than fewer large diameter bars. Furthermore, this research suggests that increasing the concrete compressive strength is associated with a significant increase in the ultimate flexural capacity of FRP reinforced beams.

scholarly journals Starred angles supporting secondary trusses

1991 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 118-129
Author(s):  
Murray C. Temple ◽  
Kenneth Hon-Wa Mok
Keyword(s):  
Cross Section ◽  
Carrying Capacity ◽  
Slenderness Ratio ◽  
The Other ◽  
Load Carrying Capacity ◽  
Industrial Buildings ◽  
Compression Members ◽  
Load Carrying ◽  
Structural Connections ◽  
Open Nature

In some large industrial buildings, it is common to span large areas by using primary trusses in one direction and secondary trusses in the other. The secondary trusses frame into the vertical web members in the primary trusses. Starred angles are frequently used as the vertical web members in the primary trusses because of their symmetrical cross section and the ease with which the connections can be made. These starred angles are usually designed as axially loaded members, but the open nature of the cross section and the fact that the secondary truss frames into one of the angles has raised some doubts about this loading assumption. As a result of this concern, an experimental research program was undertaken to investigate the behaviour and strength of starred angle web members supporting secondary trusses. The results obtained indicate that these starred angle compression members are not concentrically loaded, as the stress distribution across the angles is not uniform. It was found that if the slenderness ratio is modified in accordance with the requirements of ASCE Manual 52, the load-carrying capacity of the starred angles supporting secondary trusses can be determined using Clause 13.3.1 of CAN3-S16.1-M84. Key words: angles (starred), buckling, columns (structural), connections, trusses.

scholarly journals Axial Load-carrying Capacity of Steel Tubed Concrete Short Columns Confined with Advanced FRP Composites

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Raza ◽  
Syyed Adnan Raheel Shah ◽  
Mudasser Muneer Khan ◽  
Faraz ul Haq ◽  
Hunain Arshad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Finite Element Model ◽  
Carrying Capacity ◽  
Axial Load ◽  
Element Model ◽  
Confined Concrete ◽  
Superior Performance ◽  
Load Carrying Capacity ◽  
Load Carrying

Fiber Reinforced Polymers (FRPs) have wide applications in the field of concrete construction due to their superior performance over conventional materials. This research focuses on the structural behavior of steel tube FRP jacket–confined concrete (STFC) columns under axial concentric loading and proposes a new empirical equation for predicting the axial load-carrying capacity of STFC columns having thickness of FRP-fabric ranging from 0.09 mm to 5.9 mm. A large database of 700 FRP-confined concrete specimens is developed with the detailed information of critical parameters, i.e. elastic modulus of FRPs (Ef), compressive strength of unconfined concrete (fc’o), diameter of specimen (D), height of specimen (H), total thickness of FRPs (N.tf), and the ultimate strength of confined concrete (fc’c). After the preliminary evaluation of constructed database, a new empirical model is proposed for the prediction of axial compressive strength of FRP-confined specimens using general regression analysis by minimizing the error functions such as root mean squared error (RMSE) and coefficient of determination (R2). The proposed FRP-confinement strength model presented higher accuracy as compared with previously proposed models. Finally, an equation is proposed for the predictions of axial load carrying capacity of STFC columns. For the validation of proposed equation, an extensive parametric study is performed using the proposed nonlinear finite element model (FEM). The FEM is calibrated using the load-deflection results of STFC columns from literature. A close agreement was observed between the predictions of proposed finite element model and proposed capacity equation.

Effect of reinforcement in perforated brick arrangement for determining flexural strength and corrosion loss

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 11
Author(s):  
Mosfeka Mahabuba Akter ◽  
Atique Shahariar ◽  
Md. Shafiqul Islam
Keyword(s):  
Flexural Strength ◽  
Crack Opening ◽  
Masonry Wall ◽  
Brick Masonry ◽  
Masonry Walls ◽  
Bending Moments ◽  
Lateral Loads ◽  
Shear Forces ◽  
Gravity Forces ◽  
Seismic Forces

Brick masonry walls consist of the main elements that responsible for the global stability of brick masonry buildings when subjected to lateral loads such as wind and seismic forces. These elements are subjected to gravity forces, bending moments and shear forces due to the horizontal loading. The application of reinforcement increases the deformation capacity, controls the crack opening and allows a better distribution of stresses. Longitudinal reinforcements increase the flexural strength, even if they seem not to influence the shear behavior. Effectiveness of reinforcement on the increase of the resistance of brick masonry wall is highly related to the failure mode of the element. This paper shows the flexural strength of reinforced perforated brick masonry wall and weight loss of reinforcements for corrosion after a certain period of time. Several reinforce bar arrangements into the perforated brick masonry walls show the variety of possible applications.

Correlation of Relevant Case Properties and the Flank Load Carrying Capacity of Case-Hardened Gears

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johannes Koenig ◽  
Peter Koller ◽  
Thomas Tobie ◽  
Karsten Stahl
Keyword(s):  
Contact Stress ◽  
Carrying Capacity ◽  
Shot Peening ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
The Other ◽  
Load Carrying Capacity ◽  
Load Carrying ◽  
Relevant Case ◽  
Tooth Flank ◽  
Current Standards

The flank load carrying capacity of case-hardened gears is significantly influenced by the condition of the case properties. A negatively influenced case, e.g. due to grinding burn, may result in a significantly reduced load carrying capacity of the tooth flank. On the other hand, additional finishing methods such as shot peening and superfinishing allow a positive influence on the case properties, resulting in a further increase of the tooth flank load carrying capacity. The variation of the case properties is not adequately taken into account by the current standards DIN 3990 / ISO 6336. This paper summarizes the results of the FVA research project 521 I. This project investigated the effects of shot peening and superfinishing on the tooth flank load carrying capacity. Based on the experimental results, an extension of the calculation method for the permissible contact stress σHP is proposed.

scholarly journals Studies on stress- strain behaviour of fibre reinforced self-compacting concrete in confined state

2021 ◽  
Vol 309 ◽  
pp. 01054
Author(s):  
Gorla Jayasri ◽  
V Siva Prasad Raju ◽  
V Srinivasa Reddy ◽  
M Mounika
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Carrying Capacity ◽  
Ultimate Load ◽  
Confinement Effect ◽  
Load Carrying Capacity ◽  
Self Compacting Concrete ◽  
Stress Strain ◽  
Strain Behaviour ◽  
Load Carrying ◽  
Ultimate Load Carrying Capacity

In the present study, the stress-stain behaviour of self-compacting concrete (SCC) and fibre reinforced self-compacting concrete (FRSCC) were taken up. The stress-strain behaviour was studied for the SCC and FRSCC mixes in unconfined and confined states. The confinement was given in the form of steel hoops in the cylinders, 3 hoops (0.8%), 4 hoops (1.1%), 5 hoops (1.3%) and 6 hoops (1.6%). The addition of fibres along with confinement of FRSCC with steel hoops enhanced the compressive strength, indicating further confinement effect in the FRSCC. It is observed that the addition of fibres is helpful in lower confinements only. Beyond 1.1% confinement, the addition of any type of fibres doesn’t show any effect on compressive strengths. From the stress-strain behaviour of all types of FRSCC, it is concluded that the ultimate load-carrying capacity and strains at peak stresses are more in SFRSCC and HFRSCC for mixes up to 1.1% confinement. The addition of fibres to SCC has increased the ductility in both confined and unconfined states

scholarly journals Strengthening of R.C Short Column with Partial Replacement of Bacillus Bacteriain Cement

2019 ◽  
pp. 362-372
Author(s):  
VijayaSundravel K ◽  
Ramesh S ◽  
Jegatheeswaran D
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Carrying Capacity ◽  
Ultimate Load ◽  
Strength Test ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Load Carrying Capacity ◽  
Load Carrying ◽  
Compressive Strength Test ◽  
Axial Compressive Strength ◽  
Ultimate Load Carrying Capacity

In this paper the strength behavior of Bacillus Bacteria and strengthening characteristic of GFRP sheets are investigated. In this study the optimum percentage of Bacillus Bacteria is find out from the compressive strength test. The cubes are casted based on the percentage replacement of Bacillus Bacteria in cement. The replacement of Bacillus Bacteria in cement is 0%, 10%, 20%, 30% 40%, 50%. Totally 18 cubes are casted out of this 3 cubes for each percentage. After 28 days the compressive strength was find out from the cubes. From the compressive strength test the optimum percentage of Bacillus Bacteria is concluded as 20%. Based on these result columns are casted. Totally 12 columns are casted out of these columns 6 columns are conventional and 6 columns are Bacillus Bacteria replace columns. The axial compressive strength test was carried on 3 conventional and 3 Bacillus Bacteria replaced column to find out the ultimate load carrying capacity. From this ultimate load 70% of load is given to the remaining columns as a preloading. After given the preloading these columns are strengthened by using GFRP sheets. The strengthened columns are tested under axial compression test. From this result the ultimate load carrying capacity, deflection, stiffness, and energy absorption of column is calculated.

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