scholarly journals Study of the operation features of CHP cooling tower in conditions of forced air supply

2021 ◽  
Vol 2094 (5) ◽  
pp. 052027
Author(s):  
A A Medyakov ◽  
D N Sadovin ◽  
A P Ostashenkov ◽  
A N Bashmakova ◽  
D M Lastochkin
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Cooling Tower ◽  
Material Balance ◽  
Microsoft Excel ◽  
Air Supply ◽  
Forced Air ◽  
Technical Solutions ◽  
The City ◽  
New Facilities

Abstract In our country, at thermal and nuclear power plants, tower cooling towers built in 1960-1975 are still in operation. At the same time, the construction of new facilities and the modernization of existing installations requires a high-quality mathematical study of technical solutions. As part of the work, it is proposed to simulate the operation of a tower cooling tower, subject to additional forced air supply. Using the equations of heat and material balance for the cooling tower, a mathematical model of the operation of the cooling tower was developed in Microsoft Excel. The modelling of the operation of the cooling tower in the design conditions of the city of Yoshkar-Ola, as well as when installing additional fans of various capacities, has been carried out.

Assessing the Design Margins for an Ultimate Heat Sink Sizing

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dong Zheng ◽  
Julie M. Jarvis ◽  
Allen T. Vieira
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Heat Load ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Cooling Tower ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Evaporative Water ◽  
Basin Water ◽  
Accident Conditions ◽  
New Generation

The Ultimate Heat Sink (UHS) is a large body of water supply that can be used to cool vital nuclear power plant systems during normal operation and for accident conditions. Due to more stringent environmental and water permit requirements, many new nuclear design proposals have selected the relatively smaller sized mechanical-draft cooling tower with a basin for their UHS. UHS sizing analysis is a critical licensing task for some new generation nuclear power plants Combined Operating License Applications (COLA). In this paper, a potential UHS is sized for a representative new generation nuclear power plant considering worst case design inputs and modeling assumptions. Over 30 years of historical site meteorological data are processed using an automated technique to identify limiting conditions based on resulting worst UHS design parameters, such as the maximum basin evaporative water loss and the highest basin temperature. The impacts of the cooling tower entrance recirculation effect to these design parameters are also investigated. This paper models the transient plant heat loads in detail for various design basis accident conditions. The large-break LOCA heat load is determined to be bounding for the basin evaporative water loss, while a small-break LOCA heat load may result in the highest basin water temperature. This paper also illustrates that the bounding basin water temperature can result when the peak wet bulb temperature is coincident with the peak UHS heat load. The results of this paper are of interest for new generation nuclear power plants as the paper determines impacts of limiting conditions in assessing the design margins for UHS sizing.

scholarly journals Some Technical Solutions for Environmental Protection System during Accidents at Nuclear Power Plants

2017 ◽  
Vol 05 (04) ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Sergey A. Kulyukhin ◽  
Igor’ A. Rumer ◽  
Viktor M. Berkovich ◽  
Gennadii S. Taranov ◽  
Ivan V. Yagodkin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Protection ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Nuclear Power Plants ◽  
Protection System ◽  
Technical Solutions

scholarly journals CITIES AND THEIR RESIDENTS AFTER A RADIATION ACCIDENT (KYIV AND FUKUSHIMA CASES)

2017 ◽  
pp. 67-84
Author(s):  
Nataliya Baranovska ◽  
Mihoyashi Yukiko
Keyword(s):  
Urban Space ◽  
Outdoor Recreation ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Radiation Background ◽  
Sanitary Condition ◽  
The Status ◽  
Japanese City ◽  
In The Beginning ◽  
The City

The article is an attempt to summarize the experience of coping with urban problems caused by major human-made disasters. Based on the analysis of archival materials and other sources, the authors reproduce the situation in particular in Kyiv after the accident at the 4th Unit of the Chornobyl Nuclear Power Plant in 1986. It is proved that the official claim that radioactive emissions from the destroyed reactor bypassed the city was false. Data on the actual situation of radioactive contamination of the territory of Kyiv was published in Kyiv newspapers only in the beginning of 1991. However, both the central and local authorities have made some efforts to overcome the harmful effects of the accident. Among its main activities are work on the study of pollution of the hydrosphere, elaboration of methods of water purification and practical steps to ensure its population in the contaminated territories; organization of active radiation control of food, agricultural products, markets, dairies, meat-packing plants, as well as the territory of the city, motor transport, etc .; improvement and improvement of the sanitary condition of the urban space, resolving the issue of bio-waste disposal, decontamination of wildlife objects, residential, public and technical premises. The city authorities have taken many steps to protect the population of Kyiv from the possible effects of radiation contamination - for example, trying to regulate outdoor recreation. However, the authors claim, when the radiation background in Kyiv began to rise, no special measures for the protection of children were taken, and only in the second half of May, some children were sent away from the city. Already during independent development of Ukraine, work was being done to streamline the status of children affected by the Chernobyl disaster and, accordingly, to provide them with certain privileges defined by the legislation. It is noted that similar processes took place in 2011 and the Japanese city of Fukushima. Authors conclude, that the incompleteness of the process of dealing with the consequences of accidents at nuclear power plants in Ukraine and Japan, the likelihood of recurrence of such events, make the long experience of Kyiv significant for the residents of Fukushima and the human community as a whole.    

scholarly journals The concept of inherent safety of generation V nuclear power plants

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 139-144
Author(s):  
Igor S. Slesarev ◽  
Yevgeny O. Adamov ◽  
Viktor N. Leonov ◽  
Valery I. Rachkov ◽  
Alexander I. Orlov
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Nuclear Power Plants ◽  
Inherent Safety ◽  
Specific Content ◽  
Severe Accidents ◽  
Technical Solutions ◽  
Self Protection ◽  
Near Future ◽  
Nuclear Power Production

Elimination of significant risks in nuclear power production is at the present stage a necessity and goal-setting that determines its development in the near future. Of particular importance is the problem of maximum credibility and convincingly substantiated stability of nuclear power plants against severe accidents. The lack of clear logic, transparency and guarantees in the reliability of the announced nuclear safety significantly hinders its development, unnecessarily overcomplicating expensive technical solutions, thereby weakening the competitiveness of nuclear power. The originally proposed Concept of Inherent Safety set the task of solving the above problems; however, its specific content has not been explicitly presented so far, which allows many competitors to use its terminology to promote projects that are not directly related to the ‘spirit and letter’ of Inherent Safety. This paper is intended to fill this gap. The authors also discuss the conditions for the generation and development of new self-protection means for innovative nuclear reactors as well as the phenomenological and technical aspects for their implementation based on the deterministic formalism.

scholarly journals SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT OF RUSSIANS NUCLEAR POWER CITIES (THE CASE OF DESNOGORSK)

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-13
Author(s):  
В. Лазаренко ◽  
V. Lazarenko
Keyword(s):  
Social Development ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Population Decline ◽  
Soviet Period ◽  
Social Changes ◽  
Young Population ◽  
The Social ◽  
The City ◽  
Post Soviet Period

<p>The article presents an assessment of social development of Desnogorsk in comparison with other cities in Smolensk region. According to the research, Desnogorsk is a leader on a numbers of social development parameters. However, some parameters are lower than the average values. The social development of Desnogorsk is higher than that of the other cities in the region, but it has been declining since 1996 and now it is gradually approaching the average regional level. The main reason is the transfer of social responsibility from the city-forming enterprise to the city administration and the rapid population decline of the city. In the post-Soviet period there began an out-migration from Desnogorsk, mainly among young population. It is primarily caused by the monopropellant economy and the optimization of the industry. The socio-economic gap between the employees of nuclear power plants and other residents is gradually increasing. Desnogorsk displays the lowest level of labor mobility, if compared to other cities in the region. The low level of labor migration together with the migration outflow indicates a low adaptation of the population to economic and social changes.</p>

Managing Check Valve Flange Leaks: Technical Solutions and Challenges to Overcome

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Ike Ezekoye ◽  
William E. Densmore ◽  
William M. Turkowski ◽  
Robert E. Becse
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Check Valve ◽  
Technical Solution ◽  
Valve Body ◽  
Service Testing ◽  
Piping Systems ◽  
Maintenance Requirements ◽  
Technical Solutions ◽  
Plant Shutdown

Check valves are the simplest valves in power plants. Their simplicity and passive nature, combined with their relatively low maintenance requirements, often mask their relative importance in piping systems. Compared to power operated valves (POVs), such as motor operated valves or air operated valves, check valves have very few parts. The more parts a valve has, the more likely failures will occur. As such, power operated valves tend to have more stringent requirements that cover periodic verification of operability, in-service testing (IST), and scheduled preventive maintenance to assure functionality. Check valves, on the other hand, do not require nearly the same amount of rigor to assure operability. The passive nature of check valves often leads the user not to expect failures. Consequently, lacking of attention often results to inadvertent failures. One failure that has received significant attention from both the industry and the regulator is check valve body-to-bonnet joint leakage. In nuclear power plants this leakage can contaminate the general area where the valve is located, can lead to a plant shutdown, and pose personnel hazards. In this paper, the technical solutions that can be used to manage check valve body-to-bonnet joint leakage will be presented. The merits of each technical solution and the associated challenges will be discussed. Also, as some of the leakage containment solutions are appurtenances to the valve, the paper will address the interface between the appurtenances and the valve.

scholarly journals Analisa Efisiensi Termal Turbin, Kondensor dan Menara Pendingin pada Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Panas Bumi

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 05-12
Author(s):  
Clinton Sihombing ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Thermal Efficiency ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Cooling Tower ◽  
Geothermal Fluid ◽  
Turbine Condenser ◽  
Calculation Results ◽  
Geothermal Power ◽  
Pass Through

Geothermal power plants have similarities with other generated power plants such as coal, gas or nuclear power that is converting heat energy into electricity. When the geothermal fluid is extracted from the production well, it will pass through many different processes or equipment on the way to the power plant. During this process the geothermal fluid loses unused energy to generate power. The overall efficiency of the power plant can be affected by several parameters, one of them is design of power plant. This study attempts to analysis the thermal efficiency of the generating components: turbine, condenser and cooling tower at one of geothermal power plant in Indonesia. So, we can know how the performance of the component, whether the component is running well or not. From the calculation results obtained that the turbine, condenser and cooling tower currently still operate well with the value of thermal efficiency of 80%-100%.

Leasing of Nuclear Power Plants With Using Floating Technologies

2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu. N. Kuznetsov ◽  
B. A. Gabaraev ◽  
V. A. Reshetov ◽  
V. A. Moskin
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Water Area ◽  
Industrial Association ◽  
Radioactive Materials ◽  
Power Company ◽  
Hermetic Sealing ◽  
Sea Area ◽  
The City ◽  
And Storage

The proposal to organize and realize the international program on leasing of Nuclear Power Plant (NPP) reactor compartments is brought to the notice of potential partners. The proposal is oriented to the construction of new NPPs or to replacement of worked-out reactor units of the NPPs in operation on the sites situated near water area and to the use of afloat technologies for construction, mounting and transportation of reactor units as a Reactor Compartment Block Module (RCBM). According to the offered project the RCBM is fabricated in factory conditions at the largest Russian defense shipbuilding plant — State Unitary Enterprise “Industrial Association SEVMASHPREDPRIYATIE” (SEVMASH) in the city of Severodvinsk of the Arkhangelsk region. After completion of assembling, testing and preliminary licensing the RCBM is given buoyancy by means of hermetic sealing and using pontoons and barges. The RCBM delivery to the NPP site situated near water area is performed by sea route. The RCBM is brought to the place of its installation with the use of appropriate hydraulic structures (canals, shipping locks), then is lowered on the basement constructed beforehand and incorporated into NPP scheme, of which the components are installed in advance. Floating means can be detached from the RCBM and used repeatedly for other RCBMs. Further procedure of NPP commissioning and its operation is carried out according to traditional method by power company in the framework of RCBM leasing with enlisting the services of firm-manufacturer’s specialists either to provide reactor plant operation and concomitant processes or to perform author’s supervision of operation. After completion of lifetime and reactor unloading the RCBM is dismantled with using the same afloat technology and taken away from NPP site to sea area entirely, together with its structures (reactor vessel, heat exchangers, pumps, pipelines and other equipment). Then RCBM is transported by shipping route to a firm-manufacturer, for subsequent reprocessing, utilization and storage. Nuclear fuel and radioactive wastes are removed from NPP site also. Use of leasing method removes legal problems connected with the transportation of radioactive materials through state borders as the RCBM remains a property of the state-producer at all stages of its life cycle.

scholarly journals Způsoby financování výstavby jaderných elektráren a jejich hrozby

2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 291-318
Author(s):  
Tomáš Dráb ◽  
Tomáš Vlček
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Nuclear Energy ◽  
Nuclear Power Plants ◽  
Member States ◽  
Investment Process ◽  
The Eu ◽  
New Facilities ◽  
Financing Schemes

The paper deals with the financing of new nuclear power plants. After a period of stagnation and decline, nuclear energy is regaining approval in the EU, as some member states are constructing or preparing to construct new nuclear power plants. Yet the development of new facilities is facing enormous challenges. One of the most significant challenges is the very costly financing of nuclear projects. This paper analyses the methods of financing new nuclear projects and attempts to offer a classification of possible financing schemes; then, on the basis of such a classification, it tries to identify the threats attached to particular schemes that states face when deciding to develop nuclear projects. The threats were derived from an analysis of the investment process and from the identification of participants in nuclear investments and their relations. The analysis reveals a greater set of threats when foreign and private entities are involved in financing. The relevance of threats and the associated risks, however, must be assessed in the context of each particular nuclear project.

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