scholarly journals Application of the K-Means algorithm to determine poverty status in Hulu Sungai Tengah

2021 ◽  
Vol 2106 (1) ◽  
pp. 012027
Author(s):  
N Istiqamah ◽  
O Soesanto ◽  
D Anggraini
Keyword(s):  
Optimal Solution ◽  
Population Data ◽  
Cluster Method ◽  
High Poverty ◽  
Poverty Level ◽  
Government Programs ◽  
The Status ◽  
Poverty Status ◽  
Medium Level ◽  
Level Cluster

Abstract Poverty is a condition of living in an inability to meet the minimum needs of life or basic needs. In Indonesia, poverty is one of the main problems that still need an optimal solution. Several government programs to address the problem of poverty have been carried out, but not infrequently the implementation is not right on target. The importance of this assistance is expected to improve the welfare of the community so it is very unfortunate if the assistance has not been right on target. This study aims to determine the status of poverty in Hulu Sungai Tengah Regency. By observing a problem above, it can be necessary to use a grouping method in determining poverty status. so that in this study using the cluster method, namely K-Means in clustering population data. Based on the results of data analysis using 353 head of family in the population data of HST Regency, it can be concluded that there are three poverty status clusters, namely low-level poverty (cluster 3) with a total of 130 head of family, medium-level poverty (cluster 2) with a total of 130 head of family. 111 head of family, and high poverty level (cluster 1) with a total of 112 head of family.

scholarly journals From Class to Culture: Immigration, Recession, and Daily Ethnic Boundaries in Belgium, 1940s–1990s

2008 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leen Beyers
Keyword(s):  
Population Data ◽  
Labour Migration ◽  
European Legislation ◽  
Ethnic Boundaries ◽  
Successful Adaptation ◽  
Mining Region ◽  
European Culture ◽  
The Status ◽  
Migration Politics

Each society has myths about the successful adaptation of former migrants. Historians need to deconstruct these myths by dealing with the imagined boundaries between “indigenous” and “foreign” people that give way to them. This essay does so by comparing how children of Polish interwar immigrants and children of Italian postwar immigrants came to be seen as insiders in the Belgian Limburg mining region. Oral testimonies, associational records, and population data reveal that Poles achieved the status of industrious, adapted people around 1960, due to the equal promotion of Polish and indigenous miners' sons in the mines and to the labour migration regime which constructed Italians as unskilled outsiders. Around 1980, the industrial recession caused unemployment among young Italians. However, migration politics has, since the recession, primarily focused on culture. Moreover, European legislation constructed foreignness as non-European. Consequently, it is not class, but European culture which has turned Italians into “integrated” people.

scholarly journals Poverty in the Russian Federation: possibilities and specifics of the use of the AROPE multi-criteria index in the poverty monitoring system of the Russian Federation

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-19
Author(s):  
Marina A. Kartseva
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
National Level ◽  
Federal District ◽  
Poverty Level ◽  
Absolute Income ◽  
Poverty Status ◽  
Working Age ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Absolute

The article presents a comparative analysis of the level and structure of poverty of the Russian population using two different concepts of poverty definition — the absolute income criterion currently used by Rosstat, and the AROPE indicator of poverty and social exclusion. The paper also attempts to assess how the change of the methodology for determining poverty can affect the existence of the poverty status of individuals. The study is carried out both at a national level and at a federal district level. The empirical basis of the paper is selective observation of income of the population and participation in social programmes, conducted by Rosstat in 2017. The results show that in transition from the absolute income criterion to the multi-criteria AROPE index, the poverty level of the population of the Russian Federation significantly increases. The highest growth of poverty is among people over working age. The age structure of poverty also changes significantly. With AROPE, the proportion of older persons among the poor increases and the proportion of children decreases. It is also shown in the article that the transition from the current official methodology of poverty definition to the definition in accordance with AROPE’s methodology can lead to loss of the poverty status by part of the population, which, in case of the official transition to using AROPE index as a criterion for receiving social support, can have a negative impact on their socio-economic situation. The obtained results vary significantly by federal districts of the Russian Federation.

Effect of Wing Length on the Prevalence of Trypanosomes in Glossina Morsitans Morsitans in Eastern Zambia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cornelius Mweempwa ◽  
Kalinga Chilongo ◽  
Kyoko Hayashida ◽  
Boniface Namangala
Keyword(s):  
Wing Length ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Population Data ◽  
Glossina Morsitans Morsitans ◽  
Tsetse Flies ◽  
Wing Vein ◽  
Data Set ◽  
The Status ◽  
Length Variable

Abstract BackgroundTsetse flies (Diptera: Glossinidae) transmit trypanosomiasis (sleeping sickness in humans and nagana in livestock). Several studies have indicated that the age, sex, site of capture, starvation and microbiome symbionts, among others, are important factors influencing trypanosome infection in tsetse flies. However, reasons for a higher infection rate in females than in males still largely remain unknown. As species and sexes of tsetse flies of larger body size are the most mobile and the most available to stationary baits, it was hypothesized in this study that, the higher trypanosome prevalence in female than in male tsetse flies was because females were larger than males.Materials and methodsBlack screen fly rounds and epsilon traps were used to collect tsetse flies in eastern Zambia. Wing vein length was measured and the presence of trypanosomes was examined by microscopy. Principal component method was carried out to determine which variables had potential to be used as predictor variables. The multilevel binary logistic regression method was applied on whole data, one-method data and one-sex data sets to evaluate the hypothesis. ResultsA total of 2,195 Glossina m. morsitans data were evaluated (1,491 and 704 males and females, respectively). The wing length variable contributed the highest variance percentage (39.15%) to the first principal component. The wing length variable showed significant influence on prevalence of trypanosomes when the whole data set was analyzed. The log odds for the prevalence of trypanosomes significantly increased by 0.123 (p = 0.032), per unit increase in wing length. Moreover, moving from females to males, wing length significantly reduced by 0.150 (p < 0.0001) and females had higher trypanosome prevalence rates than males, though not always significant. ConclusionWing length is an important determinant factor for trypanosome prevalence in G. m. morsitans and could partially explain the higher prevalence of trypanosomes in females than in males. To verify this status, however, it’s clear that, reasonably representative population data is required for analysis – a serious challenge with the current tsetse sampling methods. Nonetheless, analysis of combined data from mobile and stationary methods that includes both sexes data, could verify the status.

Disparities in Distribution of Particulate Matter Emissions from US Coal-Fired Power Plants by Race and Poverty Status After Accounting for Reductions in Operations Between 2015 and 2017

2020 ◽  
Vol 110 (5) ◽  
pp. 655-661 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer Richmond-Bryant ◽  
Ihab Mikati ◽  
Adam F. Benson ◽  
Thomas J. Luben ◽  
Jason D. Sacks
Keyword(s):  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Fine Particulate Matter ◽  
High Poverty ◽  
Emissions Inventory ◽  
Particulate Matter Emissions ◽  
Poverty Status ◽  
Race Ethnicity ◽  
Reduce Emissions ◽  
Racial Ethnic

Objectives. To investigate potential changes in burdens from coal-fired electricity-generating units (EGUcfs) that emit fine particulate matter (PM2.5, defined as matter with a nominal mean aerodynamic diameter of ≤ 2.5 µm) among racial/ethnic and economic groups after reduction of operations in 92 US EGUcfs. Methods. PM2.5 burdens calculated for EGUs listed in the 2008, 2011, and 2014 National Emissions Inventory were recalculated for 2017 after omitting emissions from 92 EGUcfs. The combined influence of race/ethnicity and poverty on burden estimates was characterized. Results. Omission of 92 EGUcfs decreased PM2.5 burdens attributable to EGUs by 8.6% for the entire population and to varying degrees for every population subgroup. Although the burden decreased across all subgroups, the decline was not equitable. After omission of the 92 EGUcfs, burdens were highest for the below-poverty and non-White subgroups. Proportional disparities between White and non-White subgroups increased. In our combined analysis, the burden was highest for the non-White–high-poverty subgroup. Conclusions. Our results indicate that subgroups living in poverty experience the greatest absolute burdens from EGUcfs. Changes as a result of EGUcf closures suggest a shift in burden from White to non-White subgroups. Policymakers could use burden analyses to jointly promote equity and reduce emissions.

Determinants of Poverty and Their Variation Across the Poverty Spectrum: Evidence from Hong Kong, a High-Income Society with a High Poverty Level

2018 ◽  
Vol 144 (1) ◽  
pp. 219-250 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chenhong Peng ◽  
Lue Fang ◽  
Julia Shu-Huah Wang ◽  
Yik Wa Law ◽  
Yi Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hong Kong ◽  
High Income ◽  
High Poverty ◽  
Poverty Level

scholarly journals Spatial Dynamics Model for Land Carrying Capacity Prediction in Tangerang Selatan City

2019 ◽  
Vol 125 ◽  
pp. 01006
Author(s):  
Rizky Lamonda ◽  
Supriatna ◽  
Revi Hernina ◽  
Masita Dwi Mandini Manessa ◽  
Yoanna Ristya
Keyword(s):  
Population Growth ◽  
Carrying Capacity ◽  
Spatial Dynamics ◽  
Population Data ◽  
Landsat 8 ◽  
Dynamics Model ◽  
Model Method ◽  
The Status ◽  
Land Carrying Capacity ◽  
The Relationship

Tangerang Selatan is a city with the highest economic and population growth in Banten Province which makes the built-up land have high and rapid growth so that it can reduce the land carrying capacity of the city. This causes the predictions on the land carrying capacity need to be done so that the status of land carrying capacity can be detected before declining. The aim of this study is to produce a spatial dynamics model of land carrying capacity in Tangerang Selatan City. This study uses population data of 2008-2018, Landsat 5 TM (2008) images, and Landsat 8 OLI images (2013 and 2018). The land carrying capacity is predicted from 2008-2100 using the system dynamics model method based on the relationship between land requirements based on population growth and land availability based on built-up land, which then converted to spatial to see the spatial distribution with spatial dynamics model method. Research shows that in 2026 the land carrying capacity in Tangerang Selatan City has reached 30% and in 2056 the land carrying capacity has been exhausted.

scholarly journals Prevalence, Incidence, and Epidemic Trends of Osteoarthritis Among Adults in Beijing, China, From 2008 to 2017

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongbo Chen ◽  
Junhui Wu ◽  
Zijing Wang ◽  
Yao Wu ◽  
Tao Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Population Data ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Percentage Change ◽  
Annual Percentage Change ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Increasing Trend ◽  
Medium Level ◽  
Health Insurance Claims ◽  
Beijing China ◽  
Crude Prevalence

Abstract Objective To estimate the prevalence, incidence, and epidemic trend of diagnosed osteoarthritis from 2008 to 2017 in Beijing, China. Methods This was a retrospective serial cross-sectional study. We used health-insurance claims of 17.7 million adults for 2008–2017 to identify people over 18 years-old with osteoarthritis. The population data for Beijing from China’s 6th national census were applied to standardize the results. Trends in prevalence and incidence were analyzed using joinpoint regression. Results We identified 2,793,467 people with osteoarthritis between 2008 and 2017, 60% of which were women. The 10-year average age-standardized prevalence and incidence of osteoarthritis in Beijing was, respectively, 5.2% and 28.5 per 1000 person-years. Prevalence increased with age, surging after 55 years-old. The average crude prevalence for this decade was 14.9% for people over 55 years-old: 10.7% for males and 20.4% for females. The prevalence showed an increasing trend from 2008 to 2017, including a period of rapid rise, with an annual percentage change of 44.3% from 2008 to 2011 (P༜0.05); the increase in prevalence was greatest in people under 35 years-old, with the an average annual percentage change of 36.1% (P < 0.05). Conclusion We observed that the average age-standardized prevalence of diagnosed osteoarthritis in Beijing per decade was at a low-to-medium level compared to worldwide levels. Annual prevalence increased significantly from 2008 to 2017, with osteoarthritis being diagnosed at younger ages. More public health efforts are needed to prevent osteoarthritis in China.

scholarly journals Optimization and Prediction of Design Variables Driven by Building Energy Performance—A Case Study of Office Building in Wuhan

2021 ◽  
pp. 229-242
Author(s):  
Jingyi Li ◽  
Hong Chen
Keyword(s):  
Optimal Solution ◽  
Building Design ◽  
Building Energy ◽  
Energy Performance ◽  
Office Building ◽  
Cluster Method ◽  
Reference Case ◽  
Design Variables ◽  
Energy Aspects

AbstractThis research focuses on the energy performance of office building in Wuhan. The research explored and predicted the optimal solution of design variables by Multi-Island Genetic Algorithm (MIGA) and RBF Artificial neural networks (RBF-ANNs). Research analyzed the cluster centers of design variable by K-means cluster method. In the study, the RBF-ANNs model was established by 1,000 simulation cases. The RMSE (root mean square error) of the RBF-ANNs model in different energy aspects does not exceed 15%. Comparing to the reference case (the largest energy consumption case in the optimization), the 214 elite cases in RBF-ANNs model save at least 37.5% energy. By the cluster centers of the design variables in the elite cases, the study summarized the benchmark of 14 design variables and also suggested a building energy guidance for Wuhan office building design.

scholarly journals Faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi ketahanan pangan rumah tangga di Kota Medan

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 15
Author(s):  
Nathasa Weisdania Sihite ◽  
Ikeu Tanziha
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Household Head ◽  
Household Food Security ◽  
Household Expenditure ◽  
Poverty Level ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Household Food ◽  
The Status ◽  
Cross Sectional Design ◽  
Sufficient Food

Sufficient food availability in an area does not guarantee household food security. Household food security is a condition for the fulfillment of food for every household both in terms of quantity and quality. The purpose of this research was to determine the factors related to household food security in Medan City.  The research design used was a cross-sectional design. The location was in Medan Kota and Medan Denai District that chosen purposively with criteria for poverty level is 15-20 percent. The household sample was taken randomly as 120 households with the criteria prosperity (Pra KS and KS 1,2,3). The result of the research shows that 67,5% of households were household food insecurity, and 32,5% of households were household food security. Household expenditure has a relationship with household food security (p= 0,000), while the age of the household head, number of family members, and education level did not show any relationship (p> 0,05). In conclusion, that household expenditure has a direct effect on the status of household food security in Medan City. There needs to be a strategy and active participation from the local government in overcoming the problem of household food security in Medan City.

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