Wildland fire reburning trends across the US West suggest only short-term negative feedback and differing climatic effects

Rail car availability and the challenges associated with the seasonal dynamics of log movements have received growing attentions in the Lake Superior region of the US, as a portion of rail car fleet is close to reaching the end of its service life. This paper proposes a data-driven study on the rail car peaking issue to explore the fleet of rail cars dedicated to being used for log movements in the region, and to evaluate how the number of cars affects both the storage need at the sidings and the time the cars are idled. This study is based on the actual log scale data collected from a group of forest companies in cooperation with the Lake State Shippers Association (LSSA). The results of our analysis revealed that moving the current log volumes in the region would require approximately 400–600 dedicated and shared log cars in ideal conditions, depending on the specific month. While the higher fleet size could move the logs as they arrive to the siding, the lower end would nearly eliminate the idling of rail cars and enable stable volumes throughout the year. However, this would require short-term storage and additional handling of logs at the siding, both elements that increase the costs for shippers. Another interesting observation was the fact that the reduction of a single day in the loading/unloading process (2.5 to 1.5 days) would eliminate almost 100 cars (20%) of the fleet without reduction in throughput.

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Testing the weak form of efficient market hypothesis for socially responsible and Shariah indexes in the USA

Journal of Islamic Accounting and Business Research ◽

10.1108/jiabr-02-2020-0055 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽

Author(s):

Abbas Khan ◽

Muhammad Yar Khan ◽

Abdul Qayyum Khan ◽

Majid Jamal Khan ◽

Zia Ur Rahman

Keyword(s):

Stock Prices ◽

Arima Model ◽

Weak Form ◽

Efficient Market Hypothesis ◽

Future Price ◽

Short Term ◽

Socially Responsible ◽

Efficient Market ◽

Content Type ◽

The Us

Purpose By testing the weak form of efficient market hypothesis (EMH) this study aims to forecast the short-term stock prices of the US Dow and Jones environmental socially responsible index (SRI) and Shariah compliance index (SCI). Design/methodology/approach This study checks the validity of the weak form of EMH for both SCI and SRI prices by using different parametric and non-parametric tests, i.e. augmented Dickey-Fuller test, Philip-Perron test, runs test and variance ratio test. If the EMH is invalid, the research further forecasts short-term stock prices by applying autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) model using daily price data from 2010 to 2018. Findings The research confirms that a weak form of EMH is not valid in the US SRI and SCI. The historical data can predict short-term future price movements by using technical ARIMA model. Research limitations/implications This study provides better guidance to risk-averse national and international investors to earn higher returns in the US SRI and SCI. This study can be extended to test the EMH of Islamic equity in the Middle East and North Africa region and other top Islamic indexes in the world. Originality/value This study is a new addition to the existing literature of equity investment and price forecasting by comparing and investigating the market efficiency of two interrelated US SRI and SCI.

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Transcontinental Differences in Continuing Education

Industry and Higher Education ◽

10.1177/095042229200600106 ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

pp. 24-29

Author(s):

Barry Stern

Keyword(s):

Higher Education ◽

Continuing Education ◽

Education Sector ◽

Technological Education ◽

Short Term ◽

The Us ◽

The Usa ◽

University Industry

To provide an overview of the US perspective on university–industry cooperation, the author focuses on four areas: (a) the roles of governments, the higher education sector, and industry in continuing technological education; (b) cooperation between higher education and industry in developing technological education; (c) areas in which Europe, Japan, and the USA can fruitfully cooperate in continuing technological education; and (d) major challenges for the short-term future.

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Population-Based Incidence Of Influenza-Associated Respiratory Failure Hospitalizations In The US West Coast, 2003 To 2008

10.1164/ajrccm-conference.2012.185.1_meetingabstracts.a1795 ◽

2012 ◽

Author(s):

Justin R. Ortiz ◽

Tessa C. Rue ◽

Kathleen M. Neuzil ◽

Christopher H. Goss

Keyword(s):

Respiratory Failure ◽

West Coast ◽

Population Based ◽

The Us ◽

Us West

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Use of newer disease-modifying therapies in pediatric multiple sclerosis in the US

Neurology ◽

10.1212/wnl.0000000000006471 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 91 (19) ◽

pp. e1778-e1787 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

Kristen M. Krysko ◽

Jennifer Graves ◽

Mary Rensel ◽

Bianca Weinstock-Guttman ◽

Gregory Aaen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Multiple Sclerosis ◽

Side Effect ◽

Pediatric Patients ◽

Dimethyl Fumarate ◽

Short Term ◽

Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis ◽

Disease Modifying Therapies ◽

The Us ◽

Disease Modifying

ObjectiveTo characterize the use and safety of newer disease-modifying therapies (DMTs) in children with multiple sclerosis (MS) and clinically isolated syndrome (CIS) treated under 18 years of age.MethodsThis is a cohort study including children with MS or CIS followed at 12 outpatient practices participating in the US Network of Pediatric MS Centers. DMT use, including duration, dose, and side effects, was analyzed. Newer DMTs were defined as agents receiving Food and Drug Administration approval or with increased use in adult MS after 2005.ResultsAs of July 2017, 1,019 pediatric patients with MS (n = 748) or CIS (n = 271) were enrolled (65% female, mean onset 13.0 ± 3.9 years, mean follow-up 3.5 ± 3.1 years, median 1.6 visits per year). Of these, 78% (n = 587) with MS and 11% (n = 31) with CIS received DMT before 18 years of age. This consisted of at least one newer DMT in 42%, including dimethyl fumarate (n = 102), natalizumab (n = 101), rituximab (n = 57), fingolimod (n = 37), daclizumab (n = 5), and teriflunomide (n = 3). Among 17%, the initial DMT prescribed was a newer agent (36 dimethyl fumarate, 30 natalizumab, 22 rituximab, 14 fingolimod, 2 teriflunomide). Over the last 10 years, the use of newer agents has increased, particularly in those ≥12 years and to lesser extent in those <12 years. The short-term side effect profiles of newer DMTs did not differ from those reported in adults.ConclusionNewer DMTs are often used in pediatric MS, and have similar short-term safety, tolerability, and side effect profiles as in adults. These findings may help inform pediatric MS management.

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New Institute of Resource Management in the US West

Environmental Conservation ◽

10.1017/s0376892900027302 ◽

1981 ◽

Vol 8 (2) ◽

pp. 161-162

Author(s):

Keyword(s):

Resource Management ◽

The Us ◽

Us West

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Macroeconomic Synchronization Between G3 Countries

German Economic Review ◽

10.1111/1468-0475.00055 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 3 (2) ◽

pp. 137-153 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Amado Peirό

Keyword(s):

Business Cycle ◽

Interest Rates ◽

Short Term ◽

The Us ◽

Production Prices ◽

Over Time

AbstractThis paper studies the existence of a world business cycle by examining quarterly and annual comovements in production, prices and interest rates in the three main world economies: Germany, Japan and the US. In accordance with earlier studies, contemporaneous relationships clearly dominate short-term dynamics. The evidence indicates the existence of strong comovements in prices and long-term interest rates, and, to a lesser degree, in GDP and short-term interest rates. They are, however, rather unstable over time.

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Surgery for Parkinson disease in the United States, 1996 to 2000: practice patterns, short-term outcomes, and hospital charges in a nationwide sample

Journal of Neurosurgery ◽

10.3171/jns.2003.99.5.0863 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 99 (5) ◽

pp. 863-871 ◽

Cited By ~ 60

Author(s):

Emad N. Eskandar ◽

Alice Flaherty ◽

G. Rees Cosgrove ◽

Leslie A. Shinobu ◽

Fred G. Barker

Keyword(s):

Surgical Treatment ◽

Parkinson Disease ◽

Practice Patterns ◽

The United States ◽

Hospital Charges ◽

Short Term ◽

Content Type ◽

The Us ◽

Fine Print ◽

Deep Brain

Object. The surgical treatment of Parkinson disease (PD) has undergone a dramatic shift, from stereotactic ablative procedures toward deep brain stimulaion (DBS). The authors studied this process by investigating practice patterns, mortality and morbidity rates, and hospital charges as reflected in the records of a representative sample of US hospitals between 1996 and 2000. Methods. The authors conducted a retrospective cohort study by using the Nationwide Inpatient Sample database; 1761 operations at 71 hospitals were studied. Projected to the US population, there were 1650 inpatient procedures performed for PD per year (pallidotomies, thalamotomies, and DBS), with no significant change in the annual number of procedures during the study period. The in-hospital mortality rate was 0.2%, discharge other than to home was 8.1%, and the rate of neurological complications was 1.8%, with no significant differences between procedures. In multivariate analyses, hospitals with larger annual caseloads had lower mortality rates (p = 0.002) and better outcomes at hospital discharge (p = 0.007). Placement of deep brain stimulators comprised 0% of operations in 1996 and 88% in 2000. Factors predicting placement of these devices in analyses adjusted for year of surgery included younger age, Caucasian race, private insurance, residence in higher-income areas, hospital teaching status, and smaller annual hospital caseload. In multivariate analysis, total hospital charges were 2.2 times higher for DBS (median $36,000 compared with $12,000, p < 0.001), whereas charges were lower at higher-volume hospitals (p < 0.001). Conclusions. Surgical treatment of PD in the US changed significantly between 1996 and 2000. Larger-volume hospitals had superior short-term outcomes and lower charges. Future studies should address long-term functional end points, cost/benefit comparisons, and inequities in access to care.

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