scholarly journals The effects of nanosilica fertilizer concentration and dose of rice hull ash on the characteristic of soybean leaves (Glycine max L. Merril)

2019 ◽  
Vol 250 ◽  
pp. 012035
Author(s):  
T Suciaty ◽  
Supriyadi ◽  
A T Sakya ◽  
D Purnomo
Keyword(s):  
Glycine Max ◽  
Rice Hull ◽  
Rice Hull Ash ◽  
Glycine Max L ◽  
Soybean Leaves

scholarly journals Metabolomic Variability of Different Soybean Genotypes: β-Carotene-Enhanced (Glycine max), Wild (Glycine soja), and Hybrid (Glycine max × Glycine soja) Soybeans

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 2421
Author(s):  
Jung-Won Jung ◽  
Soo-Yun Park ◽  
Sung-Dug Oh ◽  
Yejin Jang ◽  
Sang-Jae Suh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glycine Max ◽  
Metabolic Profiling ◽  
Glycine Soja ◽  
Mevalonic Acid ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Soybean Genotypes ◽  
Glycine Max L ◽  
Soybean Leaves ◽  
Β Carotene

We obtained a new hybrid soybean (Hybrid) by hybridizing β-carotene-enhanced soybean (BCE; Glycine max L.) containing the phytoene synthase-2A-carotene desaturase gene and wild-type soybean (Wild; Glycine soja). To investigate metabolic changes between variants, we performed metabolic profiling of leaves (three growth stages) and seeds. Multivariate analyses revealed significant metabolic differences between genotypes in seeds and leaves, with seeds showing accumulation of phytosterols, tocopherols, and carotenoids (BCE only), indicating co-induction of the methylerythritol 4-phosphate and mevalonic acid pathways. Additionally, Hybrid produced intermediate levels of carotenoids and high levels of amino acids. Principal component analysis revealed metabolic discrimination between growth stages of soybean leaves and identified differences in leaf groups according to different genotypes at 8, 12, and 16 weeks, with Wild showing higher levels of environmental stress-related compounds relative to BCE and Hybrid leaves. The metabolic profiling approach could be a useful tool to identify metabolic links in various soybean cultivars.

Persistence of Diflubenzuron on Soybean Leaves

2004 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 398-406
Author(s):  
Lloyd M. Southwick ◽  
Melissa M. Willrich ◽  
James L. Fouss ◽  
David J. Boethel
Keyword(s):  
Glycine Max ◽  
Growth Regulator ◽  
Insect Growth Regulator ◽  
Anticarsia Gemmatalis ◽  
Velvetbean Caterpillar ◽  
Insect Growth ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Glycine Max L ◽  
Soybean Leaves ◽  
Residual Control

Diflubenzuron [Dimilin™, N-[{(4-chlorophenyl)amino}carbonyl]-2-6-difluorobenzamide] is an insect growth regulator that is highly effective and provides residual control (up to 54 days) against velvetbean caterpillar, Anticarsia gemmatalis Hübner, on soybean, Glycine max (L.) Merrill, in Louisiana. We conducted a study to quantify the field persistence of diflubenzuron residues on soybean leaves when applied at 0.035 kg/ha, a rate used in preventive programs for velvetbean caterpillar. Day of application (day 0) concentration of the insecticide on the leaves was 206 ± 41 ng/cm2. By 14 days after treatment insecticide leaf coverage had decreased to about 20 ng/cm2, where it remained for the remainder of the study. This persistent low level residue on the soybean leaves is consistent with the extended diflubenzuron efficacy toward velvetbean caterpillar that has been documented in Louisiana.

Dark-adapted leaf conductance, but not minimum leaf conductance, predicts water use efficiency of soybean (Glycine max L. Merr.)

2013 ◽  
Vol 93 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alison E. Walden-Coleman ◽  
Istvan Rajcan ◽  
Hugh J. Earl
Keyword(s):  
Glycine Max ◽  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Leaf Conductance ◽  
Physiological Basis ◽  
Plant Water Use ◽  
Whole Plant ◽  
Glycine Max L ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Soybean Leaves

Walden-Coleman, A. E., Rajcan, I. and Earl, H. J. 2013. Dark-adapted leaf conductance, but not minimum leaf conductance, predicts water use efficiency of soybean (Glycine max L. Merr.). Can. J. Plant Sci. 93: 13–22. The conductance to water vapor of dark-adapted leaves (gdark) has been shown to be negatively correlated with whole-plant water use efficiency (WUE) in soybean, but the physiological basis of this relationship is unknown. It is also not clear how gdark compares with the minimum leaf conductance of wilted leaves (gmin), a trait that has been studied extensively across a broad range of species. We compared gdark to gmin of soybean leaves and found that gdark values were consistently much higher than gmin values measured on the same leaves. Also, across seven soybean varieties known to differ for WUE, gdark but not gmin was correlated with WUE. Thus, gdark and gmin should be considered distinct traits. We measured gdark at two different leaf positions, and found that gdark measured at the lower leaf position (two main stem nodes below the youngest fully expanded leaf) was best correlated with WUE. We then used this method to screen a selection of current commercial soybean varieties adapted to Ontario, Canada, for variation in gdark. The range in gdark among the commercial varieties was as broad as that measured previously among more diverse genotypes, suggesting that Ontario soybean varieties might also vary widely for WUE.

scholarly journals Crop Response to Soil Acidity Factors in Ultisols and Oxisols in Puerto Rico-Soybeans

1969 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 90-112
Author(s):  
Fernando Abruña ◽  
José Rodríguez ◽  
José Badillo-Feliciano ◽  
Servando Silva ◽  
José Vicente-Chandler
Keyword(s):  
Puerto Rico ◽  
Glycine Max ◽  
Soil Acidity ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
The Other ◽  
Crop Response ◽  
Glycine Max L ◽  
Mn Content ◽  
Soybean Leaves

The effect of various soil acidity factors on yield and foliar composition of soybean (Glycine max (L) Merrill) were determined in three Ultisols and one Oxisol. Soybeans responded strongly in yield and foliar composition to variations in soil acidity of the Ultisols and to a lesser extent to variation in acidity of the Oxisol. The best correlations were obtained with the Corozal soil (Ultisol) where the yields were increased from 62 kg/ha, when the Al saturation was over 60%, to about 2,000 kg/ha, when the Al saturation was less than 10% (pH 5.6). The least response was obtained with the Coto soil (Oxisol, irrigated). The highest yield of 3,555 kg/ha was obtained when the Al saturation was less than 10%. About 71% of the maximum yield was obtained at over 30% Al saturation (pH 4.3). Variation in the acidity factors significantly affected the N and Ca content of the soybean leaves on the Ultisols, whereas the other nutrients were unaffected. In the Oxisol, only the Mn content was affected. Nodulation in the Ultisols was severely reduced as the percent Al saturation increased.

scholarly journals Antixenosis in Glycine max (L.) Merr against Acyrthosiphon pisum (Harris)

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Stec ◽  
Bożena Kordan ◽  
Iwona Sergiel ◽  
Magdalena Biesaga ◽  
Joanna Mroczek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glycine Max ◽  
Acyrthosiphon Pisum ◽  
Electronic Monitoring ◽  
Pea Aphid ◽  
Electrical Penetration Graph ◽  
Peripheral Tissues ◽  
Soybean Cultivars ◽  
Leaf Tissues ◽  
Glycine Max L ◽  
Soybean Leaves

AbstractTo reveal the antixenosis potential against the pea aphid Acyrthosiphon pisum (Harris) (Hemiptera: Aphididae) we analyzed the pea aphid survival and probing behavior, and the quantitative and qualitative variation of flavonoids in the leaves of selected soybean Glycine max (L.) Merr (Fabaceae) cultivars ‘Aldana’, ‘Annushka’, ‘Augusta’, ‘Madlen’, ‘Mavka’, ‘Simona’, ‘Violetta’, and ‘Viorica’. Aphid survival was drastically impeded on all cultivars. The electronic monitoring of aphid probing using the Electrical Penetration Graph (EPG) technique revealed that on all soybean cultivars, A. pisum readily probed into leaf tissues but the probes were usually terminated before reaching vascular tissues, which demonstrates the activity of antixenosis mechanisms in peripheral tissues epidermis and/or mesophyll in soybean leaves. The potency of antixenosis factors differed among soybean cultivars, which was reflected in differences in aphid survival and frequency and duration of phloem sap ingestion. Seven flavonoids were found: apigenin, daidzein, genistein, glycitein, isorhamnetin, kaempferol, and rutin, which occurred in different amount and proportion in individual cultivars. The content of apigenin and genistein in all soybean cultivars studied probably made them relatively unacceptable to A. pisum. Kaempferol in ‘Aldana’ might be responsible for the observed strong antixenosis resistance of this cultivar to A. pisum. The results of our survey provide the first detailed data that can be used for future studies.

scholarly journals Antixenosis in Glycine max (L.) Merr against Acyrthosiphon pisum (Harris)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Stec ◽  
Bożena Kordan ◽  
Iwona Sergiel ◽  
Magdalena Biesaga ◽  
Joanna Gasik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glycine Max ◽  
Acyrthosiphon Pisum ◽  
Electronic Monitoring ◽  
Pea Aphid ◽  
Electrical Penetration Graph ◽  
Peripheral Tissues ◽  
Soybean Cultivars ◽  
Leaf Tissues ◽  
Glycine Max L ◽  
Soybean Leaves

Abstract To reveal the antixenosis potential against the pea aphid Acyrthosiphon pisum (Harris) (Hemiptera: Aphididae) we analyzed the pea aphid survival and probing behavior, and the quantitative and qualitative variation of flavonoids in the leaves of selected soybean Glycine max (L.) Merr (Fabaceae) cultivars ‘Aldana’, ‘Annushka’, ‘Augusta’, ‘Madlen’, ‘Mavka’, ‘Simona’, ‘Violetta’, and ‘Viorica’. Aphid survival was drastically impeded on all cultivars. The electronic monitoring of aphid probing using the Electrical Penetration Graph (EPG) technique revealed that on all soybean cultivars, A. pisum readily probed into leaf tissues but the probes were usually terminated before reaching vascular tissues, which demonstrates the activity of antixenosis mechanisms in peripheral tissues epidermis and/or mesophyll in soybean leaves. The potency of antixenosis factors differed among soybean cultivars, which was reflected in differences in aphid survival and frequency and duration of phloem sap ingestion. Seven flavonoids were found: apigenin, daidzein, genistein, glycitein, isorhamnetin, kaempferol, and rutin, which occurred in different amount and proportion in individual cultivars. The content of apigenin and genistein in all soybean cultivars studied probably made them relatively unacceptable to A. pisum. Kaempferol in ‘Aldana’ might be responsible for the observed strong antixenosis resistance of this cultivar to A. pisum.

Prevalence of the pit and antipit in the genus Glycine

1987 ◽  
Vol 45 ◽  
pp. 986-987
Author(s):  
R. W. Yaklich ◽  
E. L. Vigil ◽  
W. P. Wergin
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Glycine Max ◽  
Seed Coat ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Abaxial Surface ◽  
Legume Seed ◽  
Initial Report ◽  
Cone Cells ◽  
Glycine Max L

The legume seed coat is the site of sucrose unloading and the metabolism of imported ureides and synthesis of amino acids for the developing embryo. The cell types directly responsible for these functions in the seed coat are not known. We recently described a convex layer of tissue on the inside surface of the soybean (Glycine max L. Merr.) seed coat that was termed “antipit” because it was in direct opposition to the concave pit on the abaxial surface of the cotyledon. Cone cells of the antipit contained numerous hypertrophied Golgi apparatus and laminated rough endoplasmic reticulum common to actively secreting cells. The initial report by Dzikowski (1936) described the morphology of the pit and antipit in G. max and found these structures in only 68 of the 169 seed accessions examined.

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