scholarly journals Increasing resistance of chrysanthemum to white rust disease : the role of mutant genotypes and enzymes activities

2019 ◽  
Vol 308 ◽  
pp. 012064
Author(s):  
D Kurniasih ◽  
H K Murdaningsih ◽  
D Ruswandi ◽  
W A Qosim
Keyword(s):  
Rust Disease ◽  
Enzymes Activities ◽  
White Rust

scholarly journals Genomic and Molecular Perspectives of Host-pathogen Interaction and Resistance Strategies against White Rust in Oilseed Mustard

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 179-193
Author(s):  
Chatterjee Anupriya ◽  
Nirwan Shradha ◽  
Bandyopadhyay Prasun ◽  
Agnihotri Abha ◽  
Sharma Pankaj ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crop Protection ◽  
Resistance Mechanism ◽  
Pathogen Resistance ◽  
Susceptibility Genes ◽  
Rust Disease ◽  
Disease Response ◽  
White Rust ◽  
Oilseed Brassicas ◽  
Insight Into

: Oilseed brassicas stand as the second most valuable source of vegetable oil and the third most traded one across the globe. However, the yield can be severely affected by infections caused by phytopathogens. White rust is a major oomycete disease of oilseed brassicas resulting in up to 60% yield loss globally. So far, success in the development of oomycete resistant Brassicas through conventional breeding has been limited. Hence, there is an imperative need to blend conventional and frontier biotechnological means to breed for improved crop protection and yield. : This review provides a deep insight into the white rust disease and explains the oomycete-plant molecular events with special reference to Albugo candida describing the role of effector molecules, A. candida secretome, and disease response mechanism along with nucleotide-binding leucine-rich repeat receptor (NLR) signaling. Based on these facts, we further discussed the recent progress and future scopes of genomic approaches to transfer white rust resistance in the susceptible varieties of oilseed brassicas, while elucidating the role of resistance and susceptibility genes. Novel genomic technologies have been widely used in crop sustainability by deploying resistance in the host. Enrichment of NLR repertoire, over-expression of R genes, silencing of avirulent and disease susceptibility genes through RNA interference and CRSPR-Cas are technologies which have been successfully applied against pathogen-resistance mechanism. The article provides new insight into Albugo and Brassica genomics which could be useful for producing high yielding and WR resistant oilseed cultivars across the globe.

scholarly journals The Role of Peroxidase Isozymes in Resistance to Wheat Stem Rust Disease

1971 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 353-360 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. M. Seevers ◽  
J. M. Daly ◽  
F. F. Catedral
Keyword(s):  
Stem Rust ◽  
Rust Disease ◽  
Wheat Stem Rust ◽  
Peroxidase Isozymes

Puccinia horiana. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

1968 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Punithalingam
Keyword(s):  
Great Britain ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Severe Infection ◽  
Complete Loss ◽  
Rust Disease ◽  
White Rust ◽  
Chrysanthemum Indicum ◽  
Water Splash ◽  
Rapid Spread ◽  
Puccinia Horiana

Abstract A description is provided for Puccinia horiana. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: On Chrysanthemum indicum, C. japonense, C. makinoi, C. makinoi var. wakasaense, C. morifolium var. sinense, C. shiwagiku, C. shiwagiku var. kinokuniense and by inoculation on C. arcticum subsp. maekawanum, C. boreale, C. nipponicum, C. pacificum and C. yoshinaganthum (Hiratsuka, 1957). DISEASE: White rust disease of chrysanthemum. First noticed as yellow spots on the upper surface, the centres of the spots later turn brown. On the underside of the leaves, raised buff, pinkish, waxy pustules develop which later turn whitish and become quite prominent. Severe infection leads to complete loss of crop. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Africa (South Africa); Asia (China, Japan); Australasia (New Zealand); Europe (Austria, Belgium, Denmark, France, Great Britain, Finland, Germany, Netherlands, Norway, Sweden). (CMI Map 403, Ed. 2, 1966) TRANSMISSION: Sporidia disseminated by water splash account for the spread in individual plants. Importation of infected plants accounts for its rapid spread in new territories.

Studies on chemical control of white rust disease of mustard

1996 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-65
Author(s):  
J. N. Bhatia ◽  
S. Gangopadhyay
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Control ◽  
Rust Disease ◽  
White Rust

scholarly journals Chrysanthemum WRKY15-1 promotes resistance to Puccinia horiana Henn. via the salicylic acid signaling pathway

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mengmeng Bi ◽  
Xueying Li ◽  
Xin Yan ◽  
Di Liu ◽  
Ge Gao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salicylic Acid ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Homologous Gene ◽  
Susceptible Cultivar ◽  
Rust Disease ◽  
Resistance Response ◽  
Real Time Quantitative Pcr ◽  
White Rust ◽  
Increased Sensitivity ◽  
Puccinia Horiana

AbstractChrysanthemum white rust disease, which is caused by the fungus Puccinia horiana Henn., severely reduces the ornamental quality and yield chrysanthemum. WRKY transcription factors function in the disease-resistance response in a variety of plants; however, it is unclear whether members of this family improve resistance to white rust disease in chrysanthemum. In this study, using PCR, we isolated a WRKY15 homologous gene, CmWRKY15-1, from the resistant chrysanthemum cultivar C029. Real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) revealed that CmWRKY15-1 exhibited differential expression patterns between the immune cultivar C029 and the susceptible cultivar Jinba upon P. horiana infection. In addition, salicylic acid (SA) treatment strongly induced CmWRKY15-1 expression. Overexpression of CmWRKY15-1 in the chrysanthemum-susceptible cultivar Jinba increased tolerance to P. horiana infection. Conversely, silencing CmWRKY15-1 via RNA interference (RNAi) in C029 increased sensitivity to P. horiana infection. We also determined that P. horiana infection increased both the endogenous SA content and the expression of salicylic acid biosynthesis genes in CmWRKY15-1-overexpressing plants, whereas CmWRKY15-1 RNAi plants exhibited the opposite effects under the same conditions. Finally, the transcript levels of pathogenesis-related (PR) genes involved in the SA pathway were positively associated with CmWRKY15-1 expression levels. Our results demonstrated that CmWRKY15-1 plays an important role in the resistance of chrysanthemum to P. horiana by influencing SA signaling.

scholarly journals POTENSI BEBERAPA MIKROBA PEMACU PERTUMBUHAN TANAMAN SEBAGAI BAHAN AKTIF PUPUK DAN PESTISIDA HAYATI

2018 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 59
Author(s):  
Hanudin Hanudin ◽  
Kurniawan Budiarto ◽  
Budi Marwoto
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Agricultural Products ◽  
Active Ingredients ◽  
Soil Characteristic ◽  
Rust Disease ◽  
Horticultural Crops ◽  
White Rust ◽  
Agricultural Research And Development ◽  
Agricultural Industries

<p>Consumer demands on safe agricultural products have made the shifting of the production system to be more environmental friendly. An attempt to reduce or totally substitute chemical fertilizers and pesticides on agricultural production process was through the utilization of potential microbes. The purpose of the study was to provide information on potential microbial species that can be used as active ingredients of biofertilizers and biopesticides. The mechanisms of action have been studied, both directly and indirectly, in protecting the plant from pest and disease attacks. Several of these microbes also functioned as decomposer that might improve soil characteristic and nutrient availability for the crops. The Indonesian Agency for Agricultural Research and Development for has released formulated biopesticides and bio fertilizers with the active ingredients isolated from agricultural production centers. The application of these biopesticides and biofertilizers have been effectively controlled important diseases in horticultural crops, i.e. Bio Nutri-V could suppress white rust disease (Puccinia horina Henn) 32.15% in chrysanthemum and increased 25% and 34% harvestable products in chrysanthemum and potato, respectively, compared with synthetic fungicide. The utilization of biopesticides and biofertilizers is expected to improve the competitiveness of national agricultural commodities by utilizing natural resources to support highly competitive and sustainable agricultural industries.</p><p>Keywords: Microbes, biofertilizer, biopesticide, vegetable, ornamentals, horticulture.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Abstrak</strong></p><p>Tuntutan konsumen terhadap keamanan produk pertanian menuntut pula perlunya proses produksi dilakukan secara ramah lingkungan. Salah satu upaya untuk mengurangi atau mensubstitusi penggunaan pupuk dan pestisida kimia sintetik ialah memanfaatkan mikroba. Makalah ini membahas spesies mikroba yang berpotensi dan dapat dijadikan sebagai bahan aktif pupuk dan pestisida hayati. Berbagai spesies mikroba dari kelompok cendawan dan bakteri telah berhasil diisolasi dan dievaluasi keefektifannya sebagai bahan aktif pupuk dan pestisida hayati yang efektif. Mikroba pemacu pertumbuhan tanaman dengan mekanisme langsung maupun tidak langsung mampu menginduksi pertumbuhan tanaman dan beberapa mikroba juga berfungsi sebagai dekomposer, sehingga membantu penyediaan unsur hara bagi tanaman. Badan Litbang Pertanian telah menghasilkan beberapa formulasi pupuk hayati dan biopestisida dengan bahan aktif mikrobe yang diisolasi dari sentra produksi pertanian. Aplikasi pupuk dan pestisida hayati tersebut efektif mengendalikan penyakit penting tanaman hias, seperti Bio Nutri- V dapat menekan perkembangan penyakit karat putih (Puccinia horina Henn) pada krisan 32,2% dan mempertahankan hasil panen kentang dan krisan masing-masing 25% dan 34% dibandingkan dengan aplikasi fungisida kimia sintetik. Pengembangan pupuk dan pestisida hayati yang dihasilkan diharapkan dapat meningkatkan daya saing komoditas pertanian melalui sistem produksi ramah lingkungan dengan memanfaatkan sumber daya alam secara optimal guna mendukung industri pertanian berdaya saing dan berkelanjutan.</p><p>Kata kunci: Mikroba, pupuk hayati, biopestisida, sayuran, tanaman hias, hortikultura.</p>

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