Low zinc serum levels and high blood lead levels among school-age children in coastal area

Objective: Few studies have reported blood lead levels (BLLs) in Haitian children, despite the known presence of lead from environmental factors such as soil, water, leaded paint and gasoline, improperly discarded batteries, and earthquakes. We sought to determine the prevalence of elevated blood lead levels (EBLLs) among healthy Haitian children. Methods: We enrolled children aged 9 months to 6 years from 3 geographic areas in Haiti (coastal, urban, and mountain) from March 1 through June 30, 2015. We obtained anthropometric measurements, household income, potential sources of lead exposure, and fingerstick BLLs from 273 children at 6 churches in Haiti. We considered a BLL ≥5 μg/dL to be elevated. Results: Of 273 children enrolled in the study, 95 were from the coastal area, 78 from the urban area, and 100 from the mountain area. The median BLL was 5.8 μg/dL, with higher levels in the mountain area than in the other areas ( P < .001). BLLs were elevated in 180 (65.9%) children. The prevalence of EBLL was significantly higher in the mountain area (82 of 100, 82.0%; P < .001) than in the urban area (42 of 78, 53.8%) and the coastal area (56 of 95, 58.9%; P < .001). Twenty-eight (10.3%) children had EBLLs ≥10 μg/dL and 3 (1.1%) children had EBLLs ≥20 μg/dL. Exposure to improperly discarded batteries ( P = .006) and living in the mountain area ( P < .001) were significant risk factors for EBLLs. Conclusions: More than half of Haitian children in our study had EBLLs. Public health interventions are warranted to protect children in Haiti against lead poisoning.

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GFR and Blood Lead Levels in Gas Station Workers Based on δ-Alad Gene Polymorphisms

Jurnal NERS ◽

10.20473/jn.v10i12015.74-79 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 74

Author(s):

Lantip Rujito ◽

Muhammad Nur Hanief ◽

Paulus Gozali ◽

Joko Mulyanto

Keyword(s):

Gene Polymorphism ◽

Gene Polymorphisms ◽

Blood Lead ◽

Serum Levels ◽

Blood Lead Levels ◽

Toxic Agent ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Lead Levels ◽

Gas Station ◽

Cross Sectional Design

Introduction: Lead is a well-known toxic agent that makes an organ’s failure. Lead serum itself is infl uenced by δ-ALAD gene polymorphisms (Amino Levulinic Acid Dehydratase). δ-ALAD gene encodes an ALAD enzyme used for heme synthesis. The Characteristic of gene polymorphism may result in Glomerulo Filtration Rate (GFR) value as mark of renal failure. The goal of this study was to fi nd correlations between blood lead levels with GFR in terms of δ ALAD gene polymorphisms. Method: A cross-sectional design was used to perform this research. Thirty-eight gas stations workers in Banyumas were recruited in this study. δ-ALAD gene polymorphisms were characterized using PCR-RFLP method, while lead serum levels were quantifi ed by Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS). In addition, Creatinin serum was done with a spectrophotometer and GFR value was formulated by means of the Schwartz method. Result: The studyshowed that the proportion of ALAD genotype for ALAD 1-1, 1-2 and 2-2 were 94.7%, 5.3%, and 0% respectively. The mean of serum levels in homozygous 1-1 was 15.94 ppb and heterozygote 1-2 was 1.15 ppb. GFR of participants ranged from 71.11 mL/min to 185.20 mL/min with a mean of 117.34mL/min. There was no correlation between serum Pb and GFR (p = 0.19). Study also could not determine the correlation between GFR and ALAD gene Polymorphism. Discussion: Study then concluded that there was no correlation between blood lead levels in the GFR on each δ-ALAD genotypes.Keywords: Lead intoxication, GFR, δ-ALAD, gas station workers

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Blood Lead Levels of Pregnant Women in Agricultural and Coastal Area: A SDG’s Indicator for Health and Pollution in Brebes District

IOP Conference Series Earth and Environmental Science ◽

10.1088/1755-1315/940/1/012072 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 940 (1) ◽

pp. 012072

Author(s):

N A Sakina

Keyword(s):

Maternal Mortality ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Coastal Area ◽

Blood Lead ◽

Coastal Areas ◽

Blood Lead Levels ◽

P Value ◽

Severe Problem ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Lead Levels

Abstract Maternal mortality is still a severe problem in Indonesia. One of the causes is the blood lead levels. Blood lead levels in pregnant women can increase the risk of preeclampsia which is the cause of high maternal mortality in Indonesia. One of the factors for high blood lead levels is living close to the source of lead pollution. This study determines the differences in blood lead levels in pregnant women in agricultural and coastal areas in Brebes District. The t-test independent is used to analyze the mean differences with SPSS v 21 software with 84 samples. The results show a significant difference in the average blood lead levels in pregnant women in agricultural and coastal areas in Brebes Regency (p-value=0,047). The average blood lead levels are higher in agricultural areas (46.243 µg/dL) than in coastal areas (37.731 µg/dL). It can be implied that the risk of maternal mortality in an agricultural area is higher than in a coastal area.

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Comparison of Blood Lead Levels in Patients With Alzheimer’s Disease and Healthy People

American Journal of Alzheimer s Disease & Other Dementias® ◽

10.1177/1533317518794032 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 33 (8) ◽

pp. 541-547 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Babak Fathabadi ◽

Mohammad Dehghanifiroozabadi ◽

Jan Aaseth ◽

Gholamreza Sharifzadeh ◽

Samaneh Nakhaee ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Alzheimer’S Disease ◽

Alzheimer's Disease ◽

Blood Lead ◽

Serum Levels ◽

Influential Factors ◽

Blood Lead Levels ◽

Case Group ◽

Unadjusted Odds Ratio ◽

Lead Levels ◽

Control Study

Background: It is argued that breakdown of β-amyloid in the brain causes deposition of senescent plaques and therefore Alzheimer’s disease (AD). One of the influential factors for increasing level of this protein is exposure to lead. Our aim was to compare blood lead levels (BLLs) between patients with AD and healthy controls. Methods: This case–control study was performed on all patients with cognitive impairment who were referred to the Neurological Clinic of Birjand in 2016 to 2017. Patients were referred to the laboratory for measurement of their serum levels of lead. The controls and patients were matched by age and sex. Results: In the AD case group, the average BLL was 22.22 ± 28.57 μg/dL. Mann-Whitney U test showed that BLLs were significantly higher in the patients than in the controls. The unadjusted odds ratio for BLL among the patients was 1.05 (95% confidence interval: 1.01-1.09; P = .01) compared to the controls. Conclusion: In the present study, BLL was associated with AD.

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