The antibacterial activity of Althaea officinalis L. methanolic extract against some nosocomial pathogens in vitro and in vivo

Plants have been used by people from prehistoric times to get rid of suffering and curing ailments. Plants are of the important sources of medicine and a large numbers of drugs in use are derived from plants. Yarrow, a member of the aster family, is closely related to chrysanthemums and chamomile. Yarrow (Achillea millefolium) was named after Achilles, the Greek mythical figure who used it to stop the bleeding wounds of his soldiers. Decoctions have been used to treat inflammations, such as hemorrhoids, and headaches. Yarrow contains flavonoids (plant-based chemicals) that increase saliva and stomach acid, helping to improve digestion. Phenolic acids such as caffeic acid and salicylic acid are components of the bioactive compounds present in Achillea millefolium that have anti-inflammatory and anti-bacterial properties. This study was designed to assess the fertility and anti-bacterial activity of Yarrow methanolic extract through in vivo (albino male mice) and in vitro (antibacterial activity) studies. Results indicated that higher doses of plant increased sperm head abnormality and this lead to decrease fertility in addition to that antibacterial activity was dose dependant manner. Conclusions: Yarrow contains flavonoids and other chemical constituents which have these effects.

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Phenolic Compounds in Leaves of Alchornea Triplinervia: Anatomical Localization, Mutagenicity, and Antibacterial Activity

Natural Product Communications ◽

10.1177/1934578x1000500816 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 5 (8) ◽

pp. 1934578X1000500 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Tamara R. Calvo ◽

Diego Demarco ◽

Fabio V. Santos ◽

Helen P. Moraes ◽

Taís M. Bauab ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Antibacterial Activity ◽

Phenolic Compounds ◽

Methanolic Extract ◽

Chloroform Extract ◽

Methyl Gallate ◽

Phytochemical Investigation ◽

Anatomical Localization

Phenolic compounds are produced by secretory idioblasts and hypodermis, and by specialized cells of the epidermis and chlorenchyma of leaves of Alchornea triplinervia. Phytochemical investigation of these leaves led to the isolation of the known substances quercetin, quercetin-7- O-β-D-ghicopyranoside, quercetin-3- O-β-D-glucopyranoside, quercetin-3- O-β-D-galactopyranoside, quercetin-3- O-α-L-arabinopyranoside, amentoflavone, brevifolin carboxylic acid, gallic acid, and methyl gallate from the methanolic extract, and stigmasterol, campesterol, sitosterol, lupeol, friedelan-3-ol, and friedelan-3-one from the chloroform extract. In studies of antibacterial activity and mutagenicity, the methanolic extract showed promising activity against Staphylococcus aureus (MIC=62.5 μg/mL) and was slightly mutagenic in vitro and in vivo at the highest concentrations tested (1335 mg/kg b.w.).

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Determination of in vitro antioxidant activity and in vivo antineoplastic effects against Ehrlich ascites carcinoma of methanolic extract of Sphagneticola calendulacea (L.) Pruski

Heliyon ◽

10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e07228 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. e07228

Author(s):

Md. Wasim Bari ◽

Ariful Islam ◽

Md. Monirul Islam ◽

Mst Julia Sultana ◽

Rashida Afroz ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Methanolic Extract ◽

Ehrlich Ascites Carcinoma ◽

Ehrlich Ascites ◽

Sphagneticola Calendulacea ◽

In Vitro Antioxidant Activity

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Hepatoprotective studies on methanolic extract fractions of Lindernia ciliata and development of qualitative analytical profile for the bioactive extract

Clinical Phytoscience ◽

10.1186/s40816-019-0123-1 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Praneetha Pallerla ◽

Narsimha Reddy Yellu ◽

Ravi Kumar Bobbala

Keyword(s):

Methanolic Extract ◽

Antioxidant Properties ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Liver Homogenate ◽

Reducing Power ◽

Hepatoprotective Activity ◽

Total Phenolic ◽

Effective Fraction

Abstract Background The objective of the study is to evaluate the hepatoprotective activity of methanolic extract fractions of Lindernia ciliata (LC) and development of qualitative analytical profile of the bioactive fraction using HPLC fingerprinting analysis. All the fractions of methanolic extract of Lindernia ciliata (LCME) are assessed for their total phenolic, flavonoid contents and in vitro antioxidant properties by using DPPH, superoxide, nitric oxide, hydroxyl radical scavenging activities and reducing power assay. Acute toxicity study was conducted for all the fractions and the two test doses 50 and 100 mg/kg were selected for the hepatoprotective study. Liver damage was induced in different groups of rats by administering 3 g/kg.b.w.p.o. paracetamol and the effect of fractions were tested for hepatoprotective potential by evaluating serum biochemical parameters and histology of liver of rats. The effective fraction was evaluated for its antihepatotoxic activity against D-Galactosamine (400 mg/kg b.w. i.p.) and in vivo antioxidant parameters viz., Glutathione (GSH), Melondialdehyde (MDA) and Catalase (CAT) levels are estimated using liver homogenate. Results Among all the fractions, butanone fraction of LCME, (BNF-LCME) has shown better hepatoprotective activity and hence it is selected to evaluate the antihepatotoxicity against D-GaIN. The activity of BNF-LCME is well supported in in vitro and in vivo antioxidant studies and may be attributed to flavonoidal, phenolic compounds present in the fraction. Hence, BNF-LCME was subjected to the development of qualitative analytical profile using HPLC finger printing analysis. Conclusions All the fractions of LCME exhibited significant hepatoprotective activity and BNF-LCME (50 mg/kg) was identified as the most effective fraction.

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In Vitro Antibacterial Effect of the Methanolic Extract of the Korean Soybean Fermented Product Doenjang against Staphylococcus aureus

Animals ◽

10.3390/ani11082319 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (8) ◽

pp. 2319

Author(s):

Klara Lalouckova ◽

Lucie Mala ◽

Petr Marsik ◽

Eva Skrivanova

Keyword(s):

Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

High Performance ◽

Methanolic Extract ◽

Bioactive Substances ◽

Microdilution Method ◽

Antibacterial Compound ◽

Fermented Product ◽

Broth Microdilution Method

Ultra-high performance liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry showed soyasaponin I and the isoflavones daidzein, genistein, and glycitein to be the main components of the methanolic extract of the Korean soybean fermented product doenjang, which is known to be a rich source of naturally occurring bioactive substances, at average contents of 515.40, 236.30, 131.23, and 29.00 ng/mg, respectively. The antimicrobial activity of the methanolic extract of doenjang against nine Staphylococcusaureus strains was determined in vitro by the broth microdilution method to investigate its potential to serve as an alternative antibacterial compound. The results suggest that the extract is an effective antistaphylococcal agent at concentrations of 2048–4096 µg/mL. Moreover, the tested extract also showed the ability to inhibit the growth of both methicillin-sensitive and methicillin-resistant animal and clinical S. aureus isolates. The growth kinetics of the chosen strains of S. aureus at the minimum inhibitory concentration of the methanolic extract of doenjang support the idea that the tested extract acts as an antibacterial compound. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on the antistaphylococcal action of the methanolic extract of doenjang thus, additional studies including in vivo testing are necessary to confirm this hypothesis.

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The Multifunctional Sactipeptide Ruminococcin C1 Displays Potent Antibacterial Activity In Vivo as Well as Other Beneficial Properties for Human Health

International Journal of Molecular Sciences ◽

10.3390/ijms22063253 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 22 (6) ◽

pp. 3253

Author(s):

Clarisse Roblin ◽

Steve Chiumento ◽

Cédric Jacqueline ◽

Eric Pinloche ◽

Cendrine Nicoletti ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antibacterial Activity ◽

Human Health ◽

Biological Activities ◽

Resistant Bacteria ◽

Modified Peptides ◽

The 1960S ◽

Conventional Antibiotics ◽

Clinical Potential

The world is on the verge of a major antibiotic crisis as the emergence of resistant bacteria is increasing, and very few novel molecules have been discovered since the 1960s. In this context, scientists have been exploring alternatives to conventional antibiotics, such as ribosomally synthesized and post-translationally modified peptides (RiPPs). Interestingly, the highly potent in vitro antibacterial activity and safety of ruminococcin C1, a recently discovered RiPP belonging to the sactipeptide subclass, has been demonstrated. The present results show that ruminococcin C1 is efficient at curing infection and at protecting challenged mice from Clostridium perfringens with a lower dose than the conventional antibiotic vancomycin. Moreover, antimicrobial peptide (AMP) is also effective against this pathogen in the complex microbial community of the gut environment, with a selective impact on a few bacterial genera, while maintaining a global homeostasis of the microbiome. In addition, ruminococcin C1 exhibits other biological activities that could be beneficial for human health, as well as other fields of applications. Overall, this study, by using an in vivo infection approach, confirms the antimicrobial clinical potential and highlights the multiple functional properties of ruminococcin C1, thus extending its therapeutic interest.

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Efficacy of a novel lantibiotic, CMB001, against MRSA

Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy ◽

10.1093/jac/dkab040 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Jerzy Karczewski ◽

Christine M Brown ◽

Yukari Maezato ◽

Stephen P Krasucki ◽

Stephen J Streatfield

Keyword(s):

Antibacterial Activity ◽

Pharmacokinetic Analysis ◽

Maximum Tolerable Dose ◽

In Vivo Efficacy ◽

Clostridioides Difficile ◽

Alternative Treatment Option ◽

Significant Damage ◽

Tolerable Dose

Abstract Objectives To evaluate the efficacy of a novel lantibiotic, CMB001, against MRSA biofilms in vitro and in an in vivo experimental model of bacterial infection. Methods Antibacterial activity of CMB001 was measured in vitro after its exposure to whole blood or to platelet-poor plasma. In vitro efficacy of CMB001 against a Staphylococcus aureus biofilm was studied using scanning electron microscopy. The maximum tolerable dose in mice was determined and a preliminary pharmacokinetic analysis for CMB001 was performed in mice. In vivo efficacy was evaluated in a neutropenic mouse thigh model of infection. Results CMB001 maintained its antibacterial activity in the presence of blood or plasma for up to 24 h at 37°C. CMB001 efficiently killed S. aureus within the biofilm by causing significant damage to the bacterial cell wall. The maximum tolerable dose in mice was established to be 10 mg/kg and could be increased to 30 mg/kg in mice pretreated with antihistamines. In neutropenic mice infected with MRSA, treatment with CMB001 reduced the bacterial burden with an efficacy equivalent to that of vancomycin. Conclusions CMB001 offers potential as an alternative treatment option to combat MRSA. It will be of interest to evaluate the in vivo efficacy of CMB001 against infections caused by other pathogens, including Clostridioides difficile and Acinetobacter baumannii, and to expand its pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic parameters and safety profile.

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