scholarly journals Features of technological processing of seeds with an electromagnetic field of microwave before sowing

2021 ◽  
Vol 845 (1) ◽  
pp. 012142
Author(s):  
S V Vendin
Keyword(s):  
Microwave Heating ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Heating Temperature ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Microwave Treatment ◽  
Microwave Exposure ◽  
Soil Preparation ◽  
Technological Processing ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract To increase the efficiency of crop production in the arsenal of the agronomic service there is a number of techniques, methods and technologies that reveal the potential of agricultural plants for all stages of production, starting with soil preparation, selection and preparation of seeds for sowing, agrotechnological measures during the growing season, harvesting technologies, storage and processing of products. The article presents the results of experimental studies on the use of the energy of ultra-high frequency electromagnetic fields for pre-sowing treatment of lupine seeds in order to increase their germination. Revealed the relationship between the parameters of microwave exposure and seed germination. The areas of modes where microwave treatment allows to increase germination, as well as areas of modes in which the impact does not reach the planned effect, or has a negative (depressing) effect, have been determined. Recommendations are given for ensuring the optimal modes of microwave processing and ensuring control of the parameters of the technological process. Based on the results obtained, it can be reliably asserted that the region of microwave treatment of lupine seeds, with a result exceeding the control values, is observed at exposure in the range from 50 to 60 s and at a specific microwave power of exposure from 1.0 to 1.17 kW/kg. The best result of an increase in germination by 1.5% was obtained at 60 s and 1.17 kW/kg. When treating seeds, it is recommended to maintain an average microwave heating rate of 0.50 °C/s until an average microwave heating temperature of 51.5 °C is reached.

The Growth of Vortices in the Vicinity of a Wall of Elastic Moving Airfoils

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masaki Fuchiwaki ◽  
Tomoki Kurinami ◽  
Kazuhiro Tanaka
Keyword(s):  
Flow Field ◽  
Elastic Body ◽  
Elastic Deformation ◽  
Growth Process ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Strain Component ◽  
Pitching Airfoil ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Significant Attention

There have been a number of studies on the flow field around a pitching airfoil and a heaving airfoil. Especially, the relationship between the wake structure and the characteristics of dynamic thrust has been clarified. Recently, the flow field around an elastic body has been attracted significant attention and the flow field is treated as a coupled problem between the fluid and structure. The flow field around an elastic body has been investigated primarily by numerical means, and there have been experimental studies. However, the details of the impact of elastic deformation effects on the growth process of vortices generated in the vicinity of the wall have not been clarified. In this study, we investigate the growth process of vortices generated in the vicinity of the wall of elastic moving airfoils experimentally. The elastic NACA0010 generates vortices in a large region of a wall and rolls up vortices, with the vortices growing gradually toward the trailing edge as a result of elastic deformation. The elastic NACA0010 has a characteristic whereby vortices having a rotational component that is stronger than the shear-strain component due to the vorticities in the vicinity of a wall of the elastic NACA0010 change not only spatial change of x- and y-components.

An Exploration of the Effects of Photograph Content, Photograph Source, and Price on Consumers’ Online Travel Booking Intentions

2018 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 120-139 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoojin Shin ◽  
Breffni M. Noone ◽  
Stephani K. A. Robson
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Information Value ◽  
Consumer Reaction ◽  
Booking Intentions ◽  
Online Travel ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

This research employed two experimental studies to examine the relationship of photograph content with consumers’ online travel booking intentions, the role of photograph source in this relationship, and the impact of photograph content on consumer reaction to price. Study 1’s findings suggest that perceived information value mediates the effect of photograph content on consumers’ booking intentions, with product-focused photographs perceived as being higher in information value than experience-focused photographs. Further, perceived photograph credibility was found to influence consumer reaction to photograph content, with photograph source moderating the photograph content-perceived photograph credibility relationship. Study 2’s findings suggest that photograph content moderates the price–booking intentions relationship. When the price is higher than the average in the market, consumers are likely to rely more heavily on product-focused photographs than on experience-focused photographs to inform the booking decision. Together, the findings of these studies can guide travel marketers in developing cost-effective, photograph-based online content.

scholarly journals Diversity of springtails (Collembola) in agricultural and forest systems in Southern Santa Catarina

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Danielle Cristina Ortiz ◽  
Marcielli Aparecida Borges dos Santos ◽  
Luís Carlos Iuñes de Oliveira Filho ◽  
Pâmela Niederauer Pompeo ◽  
Júlia Carina Niemeyer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Practices ◽  
Morphological Diversity ◽  
Native Forest ◽  
Santa Catarina ◽  
Eucalyptus Plantation ◽  
Soil Preparation ◽  
Components Analysis ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract: The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of soil use on the morphological diversity of springtails and to verify the relationship of these organisms with soil physical, chemical, and microbiological properties. Samples were collected in the Southern region of Santa Catarina, involving three municipalities: Orleans, Lauro Müller, and Siderópolis, in the land use systems (LUS) of native forest (NF), Eucalyptus plantation (EP), pasture (PA), integrated crop-livestock (ICL), and no-tillage (NT). Soil samples to determine edaphic properties and pitfall traps were collected in winter and summer, in the same areas. The collected springtails were counted and morphotyped and the data were analyzed through abundance, Shannon-Wiener diversity (H') and Margalef index, Simpson dominance index (D), Pielou evenness index (J), morphotype richness, and Principal Components Analysis (PCA). Springtails morphotypes were influenced by the management conditions of each system, especially the impact of LUS on these organisms depends on the intensity of the forest/agricultural practices used, including crop rotation and soil preparation.

DEVICE AND METHOD FOR CONTROLLING MICROWAVE SEED TREATMENT ON A CONVEYOR BELT

2021 ◽  
pp. 59-65
Author(s):  
ALEKSANDR N. MALAKHOV ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Microwave Heating ◽  
Electromagnetic Waves ◽  
Heating Temperature ◽  
Dielectric Materials ◽  
Microwave Treatment ◽  
Conveyor Belt ◽  
Microwave Devices ◽  
Microwave Source ◽  
Processing Modes ◽  
High Yields

The sowing qualities of seeds – such as germination, germination energy, weight of 1000 seeds, etc., are the factors ensuring high yields of agricultural crops. Technological methods of seed and grain treatment with the UHF MEMF (microwave electromagnetic fi eld of ultrahigh frequency) energy involve the use of various types of microwave devices, diff ering both in operating principle and in design. In fact, the process of microwave treatment of seeds is similar to the process of heat treatment of dielectric materials. Therefore, depending on the goal of treatment, microwave devices should provide some kind of selectivity of microwave heating, a high conversion factor of microwave energy into thermal energy, uniformity of microwave treatment of the bulk of material, protection of the microwave generator and electromagnetic safety. During the microwave treatment of seeds, it is important to ensure uniform treatment of the bulk of seeds and automatically maintain optimal treatment modes (microwave heating modes). An installation design is proposed for microwave treatment of seeds. A specifi c feature of the proposed design is that seeds are processed on a moving belt under an emitter with the process control and regulation according to the speed and fi nal heating temperature. Moreover, the microwave source intensity depends on the load (a layer of seeds on the conveyor belt). The authors also propose an algorithm for the microprocessor control of the device. Thus, the proposed design of the installation for treating seeds in a layer under the emitter on a moving conveyor belt, as well as the technological algorithm for matching the microwave source with the load ensure the compliance with the processing modes in strictly specifi ed ranges of the fi nal temperature and microwave heating rate of the material, as well as protect the microwave source from refl ected electromagnetic waves.

Hemodialysis using a Constant Potassium Gradient: Rationale of a Multicenter Study

1995 ◽  
Vol 18 (11) ◽  
pp. 731-734
Author(s):  
B. Redaelli ◽  
D. Limido ◽  
P. Beretta ◽  
M.R. Viganò
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Plasma Potassium ◽  
Resting Membrane Potential ◽  
Membrane Hyperpolarization ◽  
Kd Values ◽  
Clinical Consequences ◽  
K Concentration ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Potassium Gradient

The aim of this study is to evaluate the relationship between two different procedures for potassium removal during hemodialysis (HD) and cardiac arrhythmias. Cell excitability and the transmission of impulses may be influenced by variations of resting membrane potential (RMP). The rapid decrease of plasma potassium during the first two hours of standard HD causes a membrane hyperpolarization. A different K+ kinetic, with a gradual and constant elimination of K+ during HD, may reduce this further unphysiological aspect and its clinical consequences. This can be obtained keeping blood-dialysate K+ gradient as constant as possible with the use of a dialysate K+ concentration (Kd) decreasing during HD. Our experimental studies on various K+ intradialytic gradients seem to indicate as optimal to this purpose K+ gradients of 1.5 mEq/l at the beginning of dialysis, esponentially decreasing during treatment to Kd values of 2.5 mEq/l at the end of dialysis (variable Kd). Patients included in the trial will be submitted to two different methods of treatment with Kd 2 mEq/l and variable Kd, and to a 24 hours ECG the day of dialysis. We will compare the number of intra and interdialytic premature ventricular complexes to evaluate the impact of two different models of potassium removal on arrhythmias.

scholarly journals Unified Theory for Flexural Strengthening of Masonry with Composites

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 680 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giancarlo Ramaglia ◽  
Francesco Fabbrocino ◽  
Gian Lignola ◽  
Andrea Prota
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Flexural Behavior ◽  
Strongly Correlated ◽  
General Validity ◽  
Flexural Strengthening ◽  
Strain Relationship ◽  
Low Efficiency ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Further Development

Recent calamitous events have shown the fragility of the existing masonry buildings. Many of them are heritage structures, such as churches and monumental buildings. Therefore, optimized strengthening strategies are necessary. Experimental studies performed on masonry elements strengthened with composite systems have shown the performance of these materials. However, further development is necessary to optimize the intervention strategies. In fact, due to the lack of general validity models, the design is usually based on prescriptive approaches according to manufacturers’ broad instructions, often producing systems with low efficiency and overestimations of the amount of reinforcement. In this paper a generalized approach is proposed to assess the flexural behavior of masonry sections strengthened with composites. The proposed theory has allowed performance of a sensitivity analysis assessing the impact both of the mechanical parameters of masonry and of the strengthening system. In particular, the impact of several constitutive relationships of composites (linear, bilinear, or trilinear) have been evaluated in terms of ultimate behavior of the strengthened masonry. For strengthening systems more compatible with the masonry substrate, the form of the stress–strain relationship becomes a key aspect. For such cases, the modeling of the reinforcement plays a fundamental role and the form of the relationship is strongly correlated to the type of reinforcement selected, e.g., organic versus inorganic matrix.

scholarly journals Microbiota and Immune-Mediated Skin Diseases—An Overview

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (9) ◽  
pp. 279 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adrian Catinean ◽  
Maria Adriana Neag ◽  
Andrei Otto Mitre ◽  
Corina Ioana Bocsan ◽  
Anca Dana Buzoianu
Keyword(s):  
Autoimmune Diseases ◽  
Beneficial Effect ◽  
Skin Diseases ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Immune Mediated ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

In recent years, increased attention has been paid to the relationship between microbiota and various diseases, especially immune-mediated diseases. Because conventional therapy for many autoimmune diseases is limited both in efficacy and safety, there is an increased interest in identifying nutraceuticals, particularly probiotics, able to modulate the microbiota and ameliorate these diseases. In this review, we analyzed the research focused on the role of gut microbiota and skin in immunity, their role in immune-mediated skin diseases (IMSDs), and the beneficial effect of probiotics in patients with this pathology. We selected articles published between 2009 and 2019 in PubMed and ScienceDirect that provided information regarding microbiota, IMSDs and the role of probiotics in these diseases. We included results from different types of studies including observational and interventional clinical trials or in vivo and in vitro experimental studies. Our results showed that probiotics have a beneficial effect in changing the microbiota of patients with IMSDs; they also influence disease progression. Further studies are needed to better understand the impact of new therapies on intestinal microbiota. It is also important to determine whether the microbiota of patients with autoimmune diseases can be manipulated in order to restore homeostasis of the microbiota.

scholarly journals Impact of Agricultural Drought on Sunflower Production across Hungary

Atmosphere ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 1339
Author(s):  
Endre Harsányi ◽  
Bashar Bashir ◽  
Firas Alsilibe ◽  
Karam Alsafadi ◽  
Abdullah Alsalman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Regional Scale ◽  
Standardized Precipitation Index ◽  
Agricultural Drought ◽  
Positive Trend ◽  
The Standardized Precipitation Index ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Sunflower Production

In the last few decades, agricultural drought (Ag.D) has seriously affected crop production and food security worldwide. In Hungary, little research has been carried out to assess the impacts of climate change, particularly regarding droughts and crop production, and especially on regional scales. Thus, the main aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of agricultural drought on sunflower production across Hungary. Drought data for the Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) and the Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI) were collected from the CARBATCLIM database (1961–2010), whereas sunflower production was collected from the Hungarian national statistical center (KSH) on regional and national scales. To address the impact of Ag.D on sunflower production, the sequence of standardized yield residuals (SSYR) and yield losses YlossAD was applied. Additionally, sunflower resilience to Ag.D (SRAg.D) was assessed on a regional scale. The results showed that Ag.D is more severe in the western regions of Hungary, with a significantly positive trend. Interestingly, drought events were more frequent between 1990 and 2010. Moreover, the lowest SSYR values were reported as −3.20 in the Hajdu-Bihar region (2010). In this sense, during the sunflower growing cycle, the relationship between SSYR and Ag.D revealed that the highest correlations were recorded in the central and western regions of Hungary. However, 75% of the regions showed that the plantation of sunflower is not resilient to drought where SRAg.Dx < 1. To cope with climate change in Hungary, an urgent mitigation plan should be implemented.

scholarly journals Accounting Objects in Crop Production

2020 ◽  
pp. 41-47
Author(s):  
Leonid Suk ◽  
◽  
Petro Suk ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Crop Production ◽  
Agricultural Crops ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Soil Preparation ◽  
The Relationship

The reporting period in crop production is the calendar year. However, at the end of the year, there are costs associated with harvesting in subsequent periods. The purpose of the article is to find and justify options for accounting for costs for the harvest of the current and future years. The formation of accounting objects in crop production was considered, in particular: economic content of costs for the harvest of current and future years; accounting for costs of growing plants and performing works; accounting for costs that to be allocated and other costs of crop production; the relationship between accounting objects. Expenses and accounting items at each stage of growing crops were disclosed in detail. It was determined that expenses for harvest of future years account for the work performed on soil preparation, and after sowing, they are distributed between the objects in proportion to the actual occupied areas of plants. Soil preparation works are performed in accordance with agrotechnical requirements for growing specific crops. For each year, the enterprise draws up a crop map. So, it is better to account costs for agricultural crops beginning with the preparation of soil for them. If the actual sowing area will differ from the planned area, then the costs for the plant accounting objects need to be refined. Some of their groups include costs that to be allocated and other costs. Crop accounting objects are grouped into four groups: 1) crops (works) that will yield in the current year; 2) crops and works for the harvest of subsequent years; 3) costs to be allocated ; 4) other objects. There is a close relationship between the accounting objects of crop production. The transfer of costs from one object to another is reflected in analytical accounts within the sub-account 231 “Crop production”, which in such cases is debited and credited for the same amount.

scholarly journals Mathematical analysis of circadian disruption and metabolic re-entrainment of hepatic gluconeogenesis: the intertwining entraining roles of light and feeding

2018 ◽  
Vol 314 (6) ◽  
pp. E531-E542 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seul-A Bae ◽  
Ioannis P. Androulakis
Keyword(s):  
Circadian Rhythms ◽  
Metabolic Activity ◽  
Driving Forces ◽  
Gene Knockout ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Circadian Disruption ◽  
Hepatic Gluconeogenesis ◽  
Uncertainty Analyses ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

The circadian rhythms influence the metabolic activity from molecular level to tissue, organ, and host level. Disruption of the circadian rhythms manifests to the host’s health as metabolic syndromes, including obesity, diabetes, and elevated plasma glucose, eventually leading to cardiovascular diseases. Therefore, it is imperative to understand the mechanism behind the relationship between circadian rhythms and metabolism. To start answering this question, we propose a semimechanistic mathematical model to study the effect of circadian disruption on hepatic gluconeogenesis in humans. Our model takes the light-dark cycle and feeding-fasting cycle as two environmental inputs that entrain the metabolic activity in the liver. The model was validated by comparison with data from mice and rat experimental studies. Formal sensitivity and uncertainty analyses were conducted to elaborate on the driving forces for hepatic gluconeogenesis. Furthermore, simulating the impact of Clock gene knockout suggests that modification to the local pathways tied most closely to the feeding-fasting rhythms may be the most efficient way to restore the disrupted glucose metabolism in liver.

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