scholarly journals The Resistance of Modified Manii Wood with Boric acid and Chitosan/Glycerol and Heating Against Fungi and Termites

2021 ◽  
Vol 891 (1) ◽  
pp. 012010
Author(s):  
N Istriana ◽  
T Priadi
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Boric Acid ◽  
Schizophyllum Commune ◽  
White Rot ◽  
Wood Preservation ◽  
White Rot Fungus ◽  
Subterranean Termites ◽  
Durability Test ◽  
Decay Fungi ◽  
Dry Wood

Abstract Manii wood (Maesopsiss eminii Engl.) is a fast grown species that has low durability (class IV) and requires preservation. Boric acid is generally used in wood preservation. However, its application needs to be combined with other treatments to prevent from leaching. This study aimed to evaluate the resistance of manii wood after double impregnation of boric acid and chitosan or glycerol and heat treatment. Heating temperatures were 70ºC and 140ºC. The durability test was carried out against white rot fungus (Schizophyllum commune), dry wood termites (Cryptotermes cynocephalus), subterranean termites (Coptotermes curvignathus) according to SNI 7207-2014 standard, and field test based on ASTM D 1758-08 standard. The retention of boric acid in manii wood was 15,2 ± 1,0 kg ma−3. The interaction of boric acid and chitosan/glycerol impregnations and heat treatment significantly affected the wood resistance against decay fungi and termites. Impregnation of boric acid and glycerol by heating at 140ºC increased the resistance of wood against dry wood and subterranean termites. Double impregnation of boric acid and chitosan followed by heating at 140ºC was the best treatment in this research that improved significantly the resistance of manii wood against white rot fungi, dry wood termites and subterranean termites.

Incidence of decay in creosote-treated Scots pine poles in Ireland

Holzforschung ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 72 (12) ◽  
pp. 1079-1086 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jed Cappellazzi ◽  
Karl Maguire ◽  
Rob Nelson ◽  
Jeffrey J. Morrell
Keyword(s):  
Scots Pine ◽  
White Rot ◽  
White Rot Fungus ◽  
Simple Method ◽  
Decay Fungi ◽  
Moisture Management ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Phlebiopsis Gigantea ◽  
Utility System ◽  
Sistotrema Brinkmannii

AbstractAir-seasoning is a simple method for moisture management in utility poles prior to treatment, but it involves the risk of fungal invasion during drying. These fungi can be eliminated by heat treatment, but fungi surviving in the installed poles are a quality problem. In this context, the incidence of decay fungi was investigated in 963 creosote-treated Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) poles of varying ages in a utility system in Ireland. Thirty-seven percent of increment cores removed from the poles contained at least one viable basidiomycete. There was no relationship between pole age or distance above the groundline and fungal isolations.Phlebiopsis gigantea, a white rot fungus, was the most common isolate followed byNeolentinus lepideusandSistotrema brinkmannii. The results highlight the importance of including a sterilizing process during treatment and maintaining quality controls when purchasing large numbers of poles.

scholarly journals Media selection for mycelia growth, antifungal activity against wood-degrading fungi, and GC-MS study by Pycnoporus sanguineus

BioResources ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 2719-2731 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi P. Teoh ◽  
Mashitah M. Don ◽  
Salmiah Ujang
Keyword(s):  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Water Extract ◽  
White Rot ◽  
White Rot Fungus ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Malt Extract ◽  
Decay Fungi ◽  
Pycnoporus Sanguineus ◽  
Mycelia Growth ◽  
Property Changes

Wood-decaying fungi present a serious threat to items made from rubberwood (Hevea brasiliensis). Though conventional chemical control has been a successful method for preserving wood against stain and decay fungi growth, the effects of these chemicals are of concern because they create problems for the environment and public health. Pycnoporus sanguineus (P. sanguineus), is a white-rot fungus that invades wood during its growth, storage, or use, causing decay or other property changes. It was considered in this work as a potential source of bioactive compounds and investigated for its natural antifungal activity using a minimum inhibitory concentration assay against wood-degrading fungi. It was found that media consisting of 10.0 g/L malt extract, yeast extract, dextrose, and maltose, respectively at pH 4.7±0.2 provided the highest biomass production by P. sanguineus. Results showed that the antifungal properties of methanol and water extract of P. sanguineus mycelia and supernatant ranged from MIC values of 0.1 to 5.0 µg/µL. 4H-Pyran-4-one,2,3-dihydro-3,5-dihydroxy-6-methyl- (DDMP) was found to be the major component in the extract of this fungus, based on analysis using gas chromatography – mass spectrometry.

scholarly journals Durability of phenolic-resin-treated oil palm wood against subterranean termites a white-rot fungus

2013 ◽  
Vol 85 ◽  
pp. 126-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edi Suhaimi Bakar ◽  
Jun Hao ◽  
Zaidon Ashaari ◽  
Adrian Choo Cheng Yong
Keyword(s):  
Oil Palm ◽  
Phenolic Resin ◽  
White Rot ◽  
White Rot Fungus ◽  
Subterranean Termites

scholarly journals White-Rot Fungi Control on Populus spp. Wood by Pressure Treatments with Silver Nanoparticles, Chitosan Oligomers and Propolis

Forests ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 885 ◽  
Author(s):  
Casado-Sanz ◽  
Silva-Castro ◽  
Ponce-Herrero ◽  
Martín-Ramos ◽  
Martín-Gil ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Silver Nanoparticles ◽  
White Rot Fungi ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
White Rot ◽  
Wood Preservation ◽  
White Rot Fungus ◽  
Limiting Factor ◽  
Populus Spp ◽  
Over Time

There is growing interest in the development of non-toxic, natural wood preservation agents to replace conventional chemicals. In this paper, the antifungal activities of silver nanoparticles, chitosan oligomers, and propolis ethanolic extract were evaluated against white-rot fungus Trametes versicolor (L.) Lloyd, with a view to protecting Populus spp. wood. In order to create a more realistic in-service type environment, the biocidal products were assessed according to EN:113 European standard, instead of using routine in vitro antimicrobial susceptibility testing methods. Wood blocks were impregnated with the aforementioned antifungal agents by the vacuum-pressure method in an autoclave, and their biodeterioration was monitored over 16 weeks. The results showed that treatments based on silver nanoparticles, at concentrations ranging from 5 to 20 ppm, presented high antifungal activity, protecting the wood from fungal attack over time, with weight losses in the range of 8.49% to 8.94% after 16 weeks, versus 24.79% weight loss in the control (untreated) samples. This was confirmed by SEM and optical microscopy images, which showed a noticeably higher cell wall degradation in control samples than in samples treated with silver nanoparticles. On the other hand, the efficacy of the treatments based on chitosan oligomers and propolis gradually decreased over time, which would be a limiting factor for their application as wood preservatives. The nanometal-based approach is thus posed as the preferred choice for the industrial treatment of poplar wood aimed at wood-based engineering products (plywood, laminated veneer lumber, cross-laminated timber, etc.).

scholarly journals Ras GTPase-Activating Protein Gap1 of the Homobasidiomycete Schizophyllum commune Regulates Hyphal Growth Orientation and Sexual Development

2006 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 683-695 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniela Schubert ◽  
Marjatta Raudaskoski ◽  
Nicole Knabe ◽  
Erika Kothe
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Development ◽  
Schizophyllum Commune ◽  
Type System ◽  
Hyphal Growth ◽  
Bound State ◽  
White Rot ◽  
White Rot Fungus ◽  
Ras Signaling ◽  
No Production ◽  
Gtpase Activating Protein

ABSTRACT The white rot fungus Schizophyllum commune is used for the analysis of mating and sexual development in homobasidiomycete fungi. In this study, we isolated the gene gap1 encoding a GTPase-activating protein for Ras. Disruption of gap1 should therefore lead to strains accumulating Ras in its activated, GTP-bound state and to constitutive Ras signaling. Haploid Δgap1 monokaryons of different mating types did not show alterations in mating behavior in the four different mating interactions possible in fungi expressing a tetrapolar mating type system. Instead, the growth rate in Δgap1 monokaryons was reduced by ca. 25% and ca. 50% in homozygous Δgap1/Δgap1 dikaryons. Monokaryons, as well as homozygous dikaryons, carrying the disrupted gap1 alleles exhibited a disorientated growth pattern. Dikaryons showed a strong phenotype during clamp formation since hook cells failed to fuse with the peg beside them. Instead, the dikaryotic character of the hyphae was rescued by fusion of the hooks with nearby developing branches. Δgap1/Δgap1 dikaryons formed increased numbers of fruitbody primordia, whereas the amount of fruitbodies was not raised. Mature fruitbodies formed no or abnormal gills. No production of spores could be observed. The results suggest Ras involvement in growth, clamp formation, and fruitbody development.

scholarly journals Development of the Trametes versicolor (L.) C. G. Lloyd. fungus on the wood of thermoregulated Pinus taeda L.

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 112-116
Author(s):  
Luana Maria dos Santos ◽  
Erick Martins Nieri ◽  
Flávia Alves Pereira ◽  
Sandra Mara Krefta ◽  
Jéssica Batista da Mata
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Pinus Taeda ◽  
Trametes Versicolor ◽  
Treated Wood ◽  
White Rot ◽  
White Rot Fungus ◽  
Planted Forests ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Loss Of Mass ◽  
Pinus Taeda L

The companies in the forestry sector seek highly durable wood, prioritizing the use of planted forests, and the thermal treatment is a viable alternative to provide quality to these woods. Thus, the objective of the study was to evaluate the resistance of the heat-treated Pinus taeda L wood by the attack of white rot fungus Trametes versicolor (L.) CG Lloyd. The P. taeda L. wood was deployed in joinery to obtain samples with dimensions of 30 x 15 x 2.5 cm (length x width x thickness), being treated at temperatures of 140, 160 and 180ºC. From these, 1.0 x 1.0 x 1.0 cm specimens were obtained and subjected to the fungus for six weeks. The accelerated rot test was carried out in accordance with the ASTM D2017 standard. The experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design with four treatments (T1 = 0; T2 = 140°C; T3 = 160°C and T4 = 180°C) and nine replications. The loss of mass caused by the fungus was less in heat treated wood. On the other hand, the increase in temperature did not provide greater resistance to the material. In conclusion, heat treatment has reduced the degradation caused by the white rot fungus Trametes versicolor. Heat treatment at 140°C is indicated to avoid loss of mass in P. taeda L. woods submitted to the fungus T. versicolor. All treated woods were classified as highly resistant.

Host responses in the xylem of trees after inoculation with six wood-decay fungi differing in invasivenessThis article is one of a collection of papers based on a presentation from the Stem and Shoot Fungal Pathogens and Parasitic Plants: the Values of Biological Diversity session of the XXII International Union of Forestry Research Organization World Congress meeting held in Brisbane, Queensland, Australia, in 2005.

Botany ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 87 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giuliana Deflorio ◽  
Erwin Franz ◽  
Siegfried Fink ◽  
Francis Willis Mathew Robert Schwarze
Keyword(s):  
Host Response ◽  
Fungal Pathogens ◽  
Biological Diversity ◽  
Wood Decay ◽  
White Rot ◽  
Host Responses ◽  
White Rot Fungus ◽  
Decay Fungi ◽  
Xylem Structure ◽  
Wood Decay Fungi

Host responses, i.e., formation of reaction and barrier zones, were studied in the xylem of Douglas-fir, beech, oak, and sycamore trees, after wounding and artificial inoculation with brown-, soft-, and white-rot fungi. The objective of this study was to determine whether strongly invasive wood-decay fungi trigger a higher magnitude of host response than weakly invasive fungi. Differences in active host response, observed microscopically, depended on wood anatomy. Restriction of discoloration and decay by reaction zones was primarily influenced by the content and distribution of parenchyma cells within the sapwood of each host. By contrast, barrier-zone anatomy showed similarities to the basic xylem structure of each host, except for some cell types that were either reduced in number or absent. Regardless of the decay fungus inoculated, individual trees of each host responded differently. With the exception of beech trees inoculated with the soft-rot fungus Kretzschmaria deusta (Hoffm.: Fr.) P. Martin and the white-rot fungus Trametes versicolor (L.: Fries) Pilát, host response appeared to be nonspecific, as the degree of fungal invasiveness did not influence the magnitude of host response within the xylem of investigated trees.

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