scholarly journals Three-Dimensional Modelling of Spatial Data in Urban Territory

2021 ◽  
Vol 906 (1) ◽  
pp. 012128
Author(s):  
Lora Fidosova ◽  
Gergana Antova
Keyword(s):  
3D Modeling ◽  
Spatial Data ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
3D Models ◽  
Automatic Generation ◽  
Additional Analysis ◽  
Actual State ◽  
Fourth Part ◽  
Dimensional Models ◽  
Three Dimensional Models

Abstract The content of the research is divided into four points. The first part considers the need of 3D models creation - good practices applied in different countries related to Internet services for urban development and planning, preservation of cultural heritage, as well as scientific research. The second part focuses on the nature of 3D modeling, addressing theoretical issues concerning conceptual modeling, classification of three-dimensional models, geometry and topology. Different data formats are described. The third part focuses on an overview of the different 3D data sources and 3D modeling methods. The fourth part includes the description of a specific software for creating, editing and presenting 3D models - City Engine. The functionality, the specific possibilities for additional analysis and extraction of attribute information from the created models are described, as well as the programming language used in creating three-dimensional models in the software environment. In the fourth part, practical tasks are performed, which aim to make a comparison between the actual state of construction with the set project values in the general development plan for Sofia Municipality. 3D models of buildings in a neighbourhood in the Lozenets region were created, after which an additional analysis of the current state of construction was performed. The possibilities of the software for automatic generation of a street network are considered, as well as the functionality related to the modeling of facades.

scholarly journals Processing Three-Dimensional Models of Archaeological Artifacts

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (7) ◽  
pp. 48-61
Author(s):  
Pavel V. Chistyakov ◽  
Ekaterina N. Bocharova ◽  
Ksenia A. Kolobova
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
3D Models ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Post Processing ◽  
Three Dimensional Model ◽  
Scaled Model ◽  
Three Dimensional Modeling ◽  
Dimensional Modeling ◽  
Dimensional Models ◽  
Three Dimensional Models

This article provides a detailed account of the process of scanning, post-processing and further manipulation of three-dimensional models obtained with structured light scanners. Purpose. The purpose of the study is determined by the need for national archaeologists to learn the methods of three-dimensional modeling for the implementation of scientific research corresponding to international standards. Unfortunately, this direction in national archaeology began to develop in a relatively recent time and there is a lag in the application of three-dimensional modeling of national archaeology compared to the world level. Results. Any archaeological, experimental or ethnographic artifact can be used for three-dimensional scanning. To perform post-processing of three-dimensional models it is necessary to carry out primary scanning of an artifact by one of the existing algorithms. The algorithm for creating models, their positioning, simplification, saving in various formats and export is described. The main sequence of 3D models post-processing includes: processing of groups of scanned projections (their cleaning and alignment), creation of artifact model and processing/rectification of the resulting model using special software. Conclusion. As a result of correct implementation of the algorithm, the researcher receives a scaled model completely corresponding to the original artifact. Obtaining a scalable, texture-free three-dimensional model of the artifact, which fully corresponds to the original and exceeds a photograph in the quality of detail transfer, allows a scientist to conduct precise metric measurements and any procedures of non-invasive manipulation of the models. The ability to access a database of three-dimensional models of archaeological collections greatly simplifies the work of archaeologists, especially in situations when country borders are closed.

scholarly journals CALS Technologies in Mechanical Engineering Using the Example of Developing Three-Dimensional Models of Typical Products

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 637-649
Author(s):  
A. A. Popova ◽  
◽  
I. N. Shubin ◽  
R. E. Aliev ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Complex Structure ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
3D Models ◽  
Machine Building ◽  
The Body ◽  
Body Parts ◽  
3D Cad ◽  
Cad System ◽  
Dimensional Models ◽  
Three Dimensional Models

Three-dimensional models of the body parts were developed using the basic 3D modeling operations (rotation, extrusion, threading, etc.) of the T-FLEX CAD 3D CAD system, which made it possible to significantly simplify the work with assembly 3D models representing a complex structure consisting of a large number of parts. During the trial operation, the advantages of using the T-FLEX CAD 3D CAD system have been proven when working with complex 3D models. The advantages of using the program in the machine-building cluster are shown.

Using OpenSCAD for Teaching Mathematics

2019 ◽  
pp. 111-133
Author(s):  
André Rafael Liziero ◽  
Maria Ivete Basniak
Keyword(s):  
Computational Modeling ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
3D Models ◽  
Teaching Mathematics ◽  
3D Printers ◽  
Dimensional Models ◽  
Software Programs ◽  
Three Dimensional Models

Three-dimensional representations have been used in teaching for several decades. However, these representations were made primarily using materials available in the market. The use of 3D printers has extended the possibility of creating and printing these objects, enabling the printing of three-dimensional models using computer designs. These computational designs or 3D computational modeling are built employing various software programs, which require reflections and strategies during their production. In this chapter, the authors discuss the possibilities of using the OpenSCAD software 3D models for teaching mathematics.

3D-modeling in forensic medicine: a tutorial

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuliya Shakiryanova ◽  
Sergey Leonov ◽  
Daniil Korabelnikov
Keyword(s):  
Forensic Medicine ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
3D Models ◽  
Digital Photographs ◽  
Three Dimensional Modeling ◽  
Modern Computer ◽  
Video Frames ◽  
Dimensional Models ◽  
Step Algorithm ◽  
Three Dimensional Models

The tutorial provides an overview of the main methods of creating three-dimensional (3D) models of objects and their applications. A step-by-step algorithm for creating virtual copies of objects based on digital photos and video frames using modern computer programs "AgisoftPhotoscan" and "ContextCapture" is described. Details of the necessary conditions for obtaining high-quality digital photos and models, especially the process of photography, the requirements for the resulting digital photos. Recommendations are given for obtaining digital photographs suitable for creating three-dimensional models in various fields of research. The theoretical foundations of the method of creating three-dimensional models using digital photographs are described in detail, the basic concepts used in three-dimensional modeling are defined. The areas of application of three-dimensional models in forensic medicine, as well as problems that can be solved with the help of the created models are determined. Established criteria, which may affect the accuracy of the models, the reproduction of the qualitative and quantitative characteristics of the research object. Illustrative examples from their own practice.

Fusion of CT and MR 3D Models in Patients with Brain Tumours

2005 ◽  
Vol 18 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 546-554
Author(s):  
I. Tsitouridis ◽  
G. Tezapsidis ◽  
A. Manolitsas ◽  
F. Goutsaridou ◽  
P. Papapostolou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brain Tumours ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
3D Models ◽  
Mr Images ◽  
Movement Artifacts ◽  
Dimensional Models ◽  
Three Dimensional Models ◽  
Bone Structures ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Ct And Mri

We describe the process we use fuse CT and MRI images in patients with brain tumours and evaluate the utility of the fused 3D models. We scanned 11 patients with various brain tumours using both CT and MRI. CT and MR images were registered using an automatic algorithm. The images from CT were segmented and three dimensional models of the bone structures were produced. The images from MRI were segmented and three dimensional models of brain only and tumour only were produced. The three dimensional models were fused into one model which included bone structures from CT and brain and tumor from MRI. The registration and fusion of 3D models was completed successfully. in ten patients. Registration was unsuccessful in one patient due to movement artifacts in MR images. The fused 3D models were better at depicting the relationship between bone, brain and lesion than conventional display of different imaging modalities alone. This information can be used in daily clinical practice such as radiotherapy treatment planning or surgery or in basic clinical research.

scholarly journals Simplified three-dimensional model provides anatomical insights in lizards' caudal autotomy as printed illustration

2015 ◽  
Vol 87 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
JOANA D.C.G. DE AMORIM ◽  
ISADORA TRAVNIK ◽  
BERNADETE M. DE SOUSA
Keyword(s):  
3D Modeling ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
3D Models ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Dimensional Model ◽  
Three Dimensional Model ◽  
Scientific Publications ◽  
Laboratory Equipment ◽  
Three Dimensional Models ◽  
Caudal Autotomy

Lizards' caudal autotomy is a complex and vastly employed antipredator mechanism, with thorough anatomic adaptations involved. Due to its diminished size and intricate structures, vertebral anatomy is hard to be clearly conveyed to students and researchers of other areas. Three-dimensional models are prodigious tools in unveiling anatomical nuances. Some of the techniques used to create them can produce irregular and complicated forms, which despite being very accurate, lack didactical uniformity and simplicity. Since both are considered fundamental characteristics for comprehension, a simplified model could be the key to improve learning. The model here presented depicts the caudal osteology of Tropidurus itambere, and was designed to be concise, in order to be easily assimilated, yet complete, not to compromise the informative aspect. The creation process requires only basic skills in manipulating polygons in 3D modeling softwares, in addition to the appropriate knowledge of the structure to be modeled. As reference for the modeling, we used microscopic observation and a photograph database of the caudal structures. This way, no advanced laboratory equipment was needed and all biological materials were preserved for future research. Therefore, we propose a wider usage of simplified 3D models both in the classroom and as illustrations for scientific publications.

scholarly journals Modelos 3D derivados de fotogrametría terrestre para la estimación de variables de inventario forestal

2018 ◽  
pp. 113 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. De Eugenio ◽  
A. Fernández-Landa ◽  
S. Merino-de-Miguel
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
3D Models ◽  
Forest Resources ◽  
Volume Estimation ◽  
Wood Volume ◽  
Standing Trees ◽  
Measurement Methodology ◽  
Dimensional Models ◽  
Three Dimensional Models ◽  
Terrestrial Photogrammetry

<p>The management of forest resources should be based on reliable measurements of individual standing trees. At the beginning, these measurements allow us to estimate equations and models, which in turn are used to be applied to similar individuals with the objective of estimate variables such as timber volume at plot or stand level. Traditionally, these measurements required the destruction of several standing trees. The present work intends the construction of three-dimensional models of standing trees by terrestrial photogrammetry. With this purpose, four plots were sampled in the MUP n°39 (Madrid) in each of which 5 representative trees were measured and photographed. For the measurement of standing trees, we used: tree caliper, Criterion RD1000 dendrometer and Vertex III hipsometer. The images were taken with a non-metric Canon IXUS 85 IS camera. Three-dimensional models were constructed from the images using VisualSFM software. Subsequently, measurements were made on these models using Meshlab software. The evaluation is performed by comparing the diameters measured on the 3D models with those obtained by other validated measurement methodology (using the Criterion RD1000 laser dendrometer). No significant differences were found between those measurements made with the Criterion and those made on the 3D models. Wood volume estimation of standing trees using photogrammetry is a sound alternative with potential for the next years.</p>

scholarly journals 3D model retrieval using MeshSIFT descriptor and fuzzy C-means clustering

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 1452
Author(s):  
Najlaa Abd Hamza ◽  
Shatha Habeeb Jafer ◽  
Raghad Mohammed Hadi
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
3D Models ◽  
Superior Performance ◽  
Huge Number ◽  
Fuzzy C Means ◽  
Model Retrieval ◽  
Fuzzy C Means Clustering ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Dimensional Models ◽  
Three Dimensional Models

A huge number of three-dimensional models exists on the internet, due to the fact that there are now more three-dimensional modelling and digitizing tools available for ever-increasing applications. The procedures for retrieval of three-dimensional models have thus become even more essential. The subject of this paper is a shape retrieval of 3D models that are signified as triangle meshes. We propose a new method which first computes the descriptor of 3D models through extracting its features, and then divides a model into clusters depending on a descriptor which is invariant to scale and orientation. A Fuzzy C-means clustering method is utilized for dividing the model into clusters. The superior performance and benefits of our method are shown in the results.

scholarly journals Computer Reconstruction of the Appearance of Amur Cossacks and the Manchu in the 17th Century

2021 ◽  
pp. 11-21
Author(s):  
Aleksei Viktorovich Natsvin ◽  
Il'ya Evgen'evich Eremin ◽  
Aleksei Yur'evich Lokhov
Keyword(s):  
Far East ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
3D Models ◽  
17Th Century ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Scale Production ◽  
Three Dimensional Modeling ◽  
Dimensional Modeling ◽  
Dimensional Models ◽  
Three Dimensional Models

The article studies historical appearance of Russian servicemen of the Far East in the 17th century as well as their traditional opponents &ndash; soldiers of the eight-banner army of Qing China. The study sets a goal to practically model and print 3D models of the people understudy. To form basic sketches of the models the authors use historical images as well as modern reconstructions of uniforms and weapons. Computer modeling was carried out using open software. The approach is to develop a utilitarian technique for high-quality modeling of three-dimensional models of historical characters without professional art education. As a result, the authors have got unique three-dimensional models made according to a single algorithm. The use of three-dimensional modeling technologies provides for a fairly simple creation of both a character model itself and his uniform and weapons. Also, three-dimensional modeling allows one to create copies of individual objects thus forming a library that can significantly reduce the time spent on creating similar models. 3D printing technologies make it easy to replicate physical copies of a 3D model which in this case makes it possible to fulfill orders for small-scale production of souvenirs. The models can be applied in industrial production such as casting and milling.

scholarly journals Key Aspects in 3D Fatigue Crack Closure Numerical Modelling

2018 ◽  
Vol 774 ◽  
pp. 441-446 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio González-Herrera ◽  
Daniel Camas ◽  
J. Garcia-Manrique
Keyword(s):  
Fatigue Crack ◽  
Numerical Modelling ◽  
Crack Closure ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
3D Models ◽  
Fatigue Crack Closure ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Dimensional Models ◽  
Three Dimensional Models ◽  
Key Aspects

Since long time, fatigue crack closure has been studied by means of finite element models. Initially by bi-dimensional models and recently, due to the higher computational capabilities, the use of three-dimensional models has been extended, providing a wider comprehension of the problem. Starting with the methodology used for 2D cases, a specific methodology for 3D models has been developed. Key parameters affecting the model have been analyzed and recommendations have been established. The numerical accuracy is evaluated in terms of crack closure and opening values. They main issues studied are the material behaviour, the loading cycles and crack growth scheme, the contact simulation, the meshing and the element size at the crack tip and along the thickness, the plastic wake computed and the opening and closure definition considered. This paper summarises the main learning and recommendations from the latest numerical modelling experience of the authors.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document