scholarly journals Effect of glucomannan and xanthan gum proportion on the physical and sensory characteristic of gluten-free bread

2021 ◽  
Vol 924 (1) ◽  
pp. 012028
Author(s):  
A Sutrisno ◽  
S S Yuwono ◽  
I Ikarini

Abstract The increasing consumption of white bread causes the demand for raw materials, especially wheat flour to be increased. Whereas the availability of wheat as wheat flour raw material still depends on import supply. Gluten-free bread processing, which is not depending on wheat flour, is necessary to suppress excessive wheat import. As alternatives, flour derived from cereals and tubers, such as rice, corn, potato, and cassava, can be used in bread processing. The absence of gluten from the bread composition results in pale, less fluffy bread and firm crumb, and therefore it is necessary to modify the batter to improve gluten-free bread quality. This research aims to know the effect of the supplement of hydrocolloids glucomannan and xanthan gum on gluten-free batter properties and bread quality. Breads were made of rice flour, potato flour, corn and cassava starch. Batter consistency, bread specific volume (SV), crumb analysis, crust colour, crumb firmness, firmness, cohesiveness and panellists’ preference were determined. This study showed that the combination of xanthan gum: glucomannan on proportion 0.75:0.25 was the highest batter consistencies, highest specific volume, lower firmness, highest cohesive, and most preferred by panellists.

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 2293-2312
Author(s):  
Magali Leonel ◽  
◽  
Thaís Paes Rodrigues dos Santos ◽  
Sarita Leonel ◽  
Ciro Hugo Elnatan de Souza Santos ◽  
...  

The growth in demand for gluten-free products linked mainly to health aspects has led to an increased interest in the production of mixed flours for use in bakery products. This work aimed to evaluate the use of different mixtures of cassava starch with banana flour, obtained from the pulp and peel of green fruits, for the production of gluten-free biscuits. In the preparation of the biscuits, seven mixtures were prepared with varying percentages of cassava starch, banana pulp flour and banana peel flour. A formulation with wheat flour was used as a control. Wheat flour, cassava starch and banana flours were analyzed for chemical composition. The results showed that the banana peel flour stood out for its higher levels of proteins, fibres, lipids, ash, total phenols, total flavonoids and antioxidant activity which make this flour effective as a functional additive. However, the results of physical and sensory characteristics of the biscuits showed that the variation in the percentage of banana peel flour led to greater changes in the quality attributes of the biscuits, so the percentage of inclusion should be limited. Banana pulp flour (UBF) had high starch content, however, the biscuits produced with higher percentages of this flour and lower percentages of cassava starch showed lower propagation rates, greater hardness and less sensory acceptance, showing the importance of the starchy raw material in the physical properties of biscuits. Formulations containing cassava starch mixed with up to 15% banana flour (1:1, pulp and peel) are a good basis for making gluten-free biscuits.


Author(s):  
А.К. СТРЕЛКОВА ◽  
И.Б. КРАСИНА ◽  
К.Н. СТОРЧЕУС ◽  
Е.В. ФИЛИППОВА

Необходимость разработки безглютеновых продуктов обусловлена ростом численности людей страдающих целиакией, распространенность которой составляет 1 случай на 100–200 человек населения. Решение проблем, возникающих при производстве безглютеновых мучных кондитерских изделий, делает актуальным поиск новых видов сырья, не содержащего глютен и способного улучшать потребительские свойства изделий. В качестве источника безглютенового сырья была выбрана гречневая мука (ГМ). Получено безглютеновое печенье из ГМ в сочетании с различными гидроколлоидами – камедями акации, трагаканта, гуаровой и ксантановой, которые по отдельности добавляли в образцы ГМ в количестве 1г/100 г, и исследовано его физико-химические и сенсорные свойства в сравнении с аналогичными свойствами печенья из пшеничной муки (ПМ). Установлено, что образцы ГМ с добавкой камедей имеют более высокое содержание влаги, а печенье, полученное из смеси ГМ с камедью по разработанной нами технологии, – большую толщину, массу и сниженную прочность при разрушении по сравнению с ГМ и печеньем, изготовленным из нее. При сенсорной оценке качества изделий, проведенной по девятибалльной гедонистической шкале, установлено, что самые высокие показатели качества имеет печенье из ПМ, самые низкие – печенье, приготовленное из ГМ. Внесение камедей улучшило сенсорные показатели изделий на основе ГМ. Лучшим признан образец печенья на основе ГМ с добавлением ксантановой камеди. Таким образом, использование гидроколлоидов улучшает водосвязывающую способность муки и сенсорные показатели изделия – цвет, аромат, вкус и дает возможность получить безглютеновое печенье достаточно высокого качества, сопоставимого с качеством печенья из пшеничной муки. The need to develop gluten-free products is due to the growing number of people suffering from celiac disease, the prevalence of which is 1 case per 100–200 people of the population. Solving the problems that arise in the production of gluten-free flour confectionery products makes it relevant to search for new types of raw materials that do not contain gluten and can improve the consumer properties of products. Buckwheat flour (BF) was chosen as a source of gluten-free raw materials. Gluten-free cookies from BF were obtained in combination with various hydrocolloids-acacia, tragacanth, guar and xanthan gums, which were separately added to BF samples in the amount of 1 g/100 g, and its physical and chemical and sensory properties were studied in comparison with similar properties of wheat flour cookies (WF). The purpose of this work is to obtain gluten-free cookies from BF in combination with various hydrocolloids – acacia gum, tragacanth, guar gum and xanthan gum, which were separately added to BF in the amount of 1 g/100 g, and to study its physical, chemical and sensory properties in comparison with similar properties of cookies from WF. It was found that the samples of BF with the addition of gums have higher moisture content, and the cookies obtained from a mixture of BF with gum according to the technology developed by us – a greater thickness, weight and reduced strength at destruction compared to BF and cookies made from it. In the sensory evaluation of the quality of products conducted on a nine-point hedonistic scale, it was found that the highest quality indicators are cookies made from WF, the lowest – cookies made from BF. The introduction of gums improved the sensory performance of BF-based products. A sample of BF-based cookies with the addition of xanthan gum was recognized as the best. Thus, the use of hydrocolloids improves the water-binding ability of flour and the sensory characteristics of the product – color, aroma, taste, and makes it possible to obtain gluten-free cookies of sufficiently high quality, comparable to the quality of cookies made from wheat flour.


REAKTOR ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 89-95
Author(s):  
Dianika Lestari ◽  
Made Tri Ari Penia Kresnowati ◽  
Afina Rahmani ◽  
Lienda Aliwarga ◽  
Yasid Bindar

Gluten free (GF) bread was made from rice flour and fermented cassava flour. Fermented cassava flour (FERCAF) was produced using a specific design of closed and circulated fermenter, which resulted on a white and neutral aroma flour. However, FERCAF did not have structural component (such as gluten) to provide dough's viscoelasticity and ability to retain gas to hold the volume of bread after baking. Hydrocolloids were added to FERCAF based GF bread to increase water binding of dough. This research aimed to investigate the effect hydrocolloids addition on the characteristics of GF bread made from rice flour and fermented cassava flour (FERCAF). Effect of hydrocolloids to flour ratio (2 %, 3 % and 5 %-wt) and types of hydrocolloid (xanthan gum, agar, and carrageenan) on specific volume of bread, bake loss, bread texture, and microstructure of the bread were investigated. Bread textures were measured using Texture Profile Analyzer (TPA), and microstructure was analysed by SEM. Data experiment showed that addition of hydrocolloids improved GF bread characteristics, specifically increased volume specific, increased porosity, and reduced hardness of GF bread.Keywords: gluten-free bread; cassava; fermented cassava flour; Fercaf; hydrocolloids  


2018 ◽  
Vol 120 (7) ◽  
pp. 1590-1599 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernanda Ortolan ◽  
Karoline Urbano ◽  
Caroline Joy Steel

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the viscoelastic quality of commercial vital wheat glutens from different origins (A and B) through simple tests, and correlate these results with dough rheological parameters measured using more complex equipment (farinograph and extensograph) and with bread quality characteristics (specific volume and crumb firmness) obtained from wheat flour fortified with 7 g/100 g of vital gluten. Design/methodology/approach For the evaluation of vital gluten quality, two commercial vital wheat gluten named A and B were used. The simple tests performed with these samples were wet and dry gluten contents and index gluten, extensbility test and expansion test. The Pearson correlation was performed among data from dough rheological tests (farinograph and extensograph) and bread quality parameters (specific volume (SV) and crumb firmness) obtained from the fortification of wheat flour with 7 g/100 g of VGA or VGB (previous work, data not shown). Findings The simple tests showed differences in the viscoelastic properties of vital gluten A and B; vital gluten A presented higher elasticity and lower extensibility than vital gluten B, and the gluten ball of sample A presented higher SV. By correlation analysis, it was verified that the simple tests studied may be useful to assess the baking performance of commercial vital gluten when this product is added to wheat flour for its fortification. Furthermore, the results indicate the need for more information on vital wheat gluten proteins for its commercialisation and use. Originality/value This work is very important, not just for the scientific community, but also for the bakery industry, that requires more information about vital wheat gluten before its use in bread making. As there are great differences in the protein quality of commercial vital wheat glutens and their functionality, the study was developed to solve this problem.


2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. e13910313120
Author(s):  
Juliana Nadal ◽  
Suelen Ávila ◽  
Larissa Boing ◽  
Mariana Milani Pereira ◽  
Diomar Augusto de Quadros ◽  
...  

In this study, response surface methodology based on simplex- centroid design was used to optimize the gluten-free bread formulation with rice flour and cassava starch as independent variables. Bread formulations were evaluated by physicochemical analysis and descriptive sensory analysis encompassing appearance, structure, texture, and aroma parameters by a trained sensory panel. The five formulations composition showed statistical differences concerning aw, lipid and protein content.  Carbohydrate was significantly correlated with specific volume and lipids with protein. Overall, rice flour's addition improved lipid and protein, whereas further rises in cassava starch allowed developing bread with higher specific volume and sensory scores. The optimum combinations of the variables to maximize scores of porosity, texture, elasticity, and protein content, should be obtained with 51.75% of rice flour and 48.25% of cassava starch. The use of the simplex-centroid design and the response desirability function in the optimization was useful for evaluating the influence and potential of the binary mixture of rice flour and cassava starch on the sensory quality and chemical characteristics of gluten-free bread. These research findings open the scope for further investigation of rice flour and cassava starch and their useful application in gluten-free bread processing.


Biotecnia ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 30-38
Author(s):  
Delia Quintana Zavala

Some plants, roots or tubers have been used as possible cereal substitutes in gluten-free cookies. Chayotextle is rich in starch and other compounds that could make it a potential ingredient for products aimed at the celiac population. In this study, the effect of different mixtures of rice flour (RF) and Chayotextle flour (CF) on the final properties of cookies and the prebiotic capacity when adding agave fructans (AF) was evaluated. Flour properties (water and oil absorption, emulsifying capacity) and cookies (diameter, thickness, specific volume, color, hardness and prebiotic capacity) were determined. CF presented higher emulsifying capacity, absorption of water and oil (27.1 %, 66.22 % and 95.93 %, respectively). The cookies with CF and AF reached the highest values in physical properties (65.10-66.82 mm in diameter, 9.36-10.04 mm thickness, 1.72-2.07 mL/g specific volume and 201.82 N in hardness). CF and the CF-AF formulation showed ability promoted the growth of both strains studied: Lactobacillus acidophilus LA-3 and Bifidobacterium animalis ssp. Lactis, reaching values of up to 9.82 log10 CFU/g and 9.85 log10 CFU/g (CF) respectively, in a period of 24 h. The CF and the addition of FA improved the properties of the cookies and proved to be a possible prebiotic source.


Foods ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 1548 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mayara Belorio ◽  
Manuel Gómez

The use of hydrocolloids in gluten-free breads is a strategy to improve their quality and obtain products with acceptable structural and textural properties. Hydration level (HL) optimization is important to maximize the hydrocolloids effects on dough and bread quality. This study evaluated the optimum hydration level (OHL) for gluten-free breads prepared with different starch sources (rice flour or maize starch) and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) in comparison with psyllium husk fibre and xanthan gum. Breads with the same final volume and the corrected hydration (CH) were evaluated. The hydration is a key factor that influences the final characteristics of gluten-free breads. Breads made with HPMC had greater dependence on the HL, especially for preparations with maize starch. Psyllium had similar behaviour to xanthan with respect to specific volume and weight loss. Breads manufactured with maize starch and HPMC had low hardness due to their great specific volume. However, in breads made with rice flour, the combined decreased hydration and similar specific volume generated a harder bread with HPMC than the use of psyllium or xanthan. Breads made with HPMC presented higher specific volume than the other hydrocolloids, however combinations among these hydrocolloids could be evaluated to improve gluten-free breads quality.


Proceedings ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 15
Author(s):  
Ritva Repo-Carrasco-Valencia ◽  
Julio Vidaurre-Ruiz ◽  
Genny Isabel Luna-Mercado

The aim of this study was to develop gluten-free breads using the flours of Andean native grains. The following native grains were used: quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa) Pasankalla variety, kiwicha (Amaranthus caudatus) Centenario variety, kañiwa (Cheopodium pallidicaule) Illpa Inia variety and tarwi (Lupinus mutabilis) Blanco de Yunguyo variety. The formulations of the breads with Andean grains flours were optimized using the Mixture Design and the Central Composite Rotational Design, analyzing the dough’s textural properties (firmness, consistency, cohesiveness and viscosity index), specific volume and crumb texture. Potato starch and xanthan gum were used in the preparation of the breads. The optimized formulations of the gluten-free breads with Andean grain flours were composed of quinoa (46.3%), kiwicha (40.6%), kañiwa (100%) and tarwi (12%) flours. The gluten-free breads developed showed acceptable specific volume and low crumb firmness and could help to improve the nutrition of celiac patients.


2016 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 374-387 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatiane Ferreira da Silva ◽  
Ana Carolina Conti-Silva

Purpose The purpose of this paper was to replace totally the wheat flour for rice flour, whole soy flour and cassava starch in the formulation of chocolate cookies. Design/methodology/approach Chocolate cookies with wheat flour, rice flour, whole soy flour and cassava starch were produced, and compared to a commercial chocolate cookie regarding to physical properties and sensory acceptability. Findings The chocolate cookie made with rice flour instead of wheat flour was as liked as the cookie with wheat flour, and the greater acceptability scores received by the rice flour cookies correlated with less colour intensity and a lower specific volume thereof. The cookie with cassava starch stood out because of the intensities of its parameters, its more intense colour, and its acceptability scores among the consumers. The cookie with whole soy flour had lower sensory acceptability scores, and the commercial cookie stood out for its high cutting force (instrumental texture). Originality/value Celiac consumers desire products with adequate sensory characteristics. This study presents a new gluten-free product, the chocolate cookie made with rice flour, that has the potential to be produced, as this product is as accepted as a cookie made with wheat flour, and even more accepted than a commercial one also made with wheat flour. Therefore, this study offers subsidies for improving the diet of celiac consumers.


Author(s):  
О.А. КОРНЕВА ◽  
Е.Г. ДУНЕЦ ◽  
Т.Д. ПОЛОЗЮК ◽  
В.М. РЯБЧИКОВА

Разработана рецептура теста для пельменей и вареников из безглютеновой мучной смеси с целью расширения ассортимента кулинарных полуфабрикатов для больных целиакией. Пресное тесто готовили из соевой, рисовой и кукурузной муки. В качестве реологических корректоров дисперсии использовали тапиоковый крахмал и ксантановую камедь. Методами математического планирования эксперимента установлены оптимальные количества сухих компонентов в рецептуре теста, : мука кукурузная 31,897, крахмал тапиоковый 24,085, мука рисовая 31,684, мука соевая 12,334, при которых технологические свойства пресного теста из беглютенового сырья практически не уступают реологическим свойствам теста из пшеничной муки. Для придания тестовой массе пластичности и повышения эластичности готовых изделий вносили ксантановую камедь в количестве 0,35 к массе композитной мучной смеси. Приготовление теста осуществляли смешиванием соевой муки с тапиоковым крахмалом и ксантановой камедью и последующим добавлением в полученную смесь подсырной молочной сыворотки температурой 3540С смесь 1. Полученную смесь выдерживали в течение 1015 мин и добавляли в нее смесь 2, состоящую из яичной массы, масла растительного, рисовой и кукурузной муки и воды. Затем производили замес в течение 1015 мин до получения равномерно перемешанного пластичного теста, которое выдерживали 4060 мин, дозировали, фасовали и направляли тестовые заготовки на охлаждение или замораживание. Промышленное производство разработанных мучных кулинарных изделий осуществляется по традиционной схеме, но при наличии двух тестомесильных машин, поскольку разработанная технология предусматривает раздельное приготовление смесей 1 и 2. Разработанные изделия из теста на основе композиции безглютенового сырья требуют более продолжительной тепловой обработки при приготовлении, характеризуются после варки упругостью и прочностью с сохранением целостности. Разработанные изделия получили высокую органолептическую оценку и прошли апробацию в производственных условиях предприятий общественного питания Краснодара. The dough formulation for dumplings and dumplings from gluten-free flour mixture is developed to expand the range of culinary semi-finished products for patients with celiac disease. Unleavened dough was made from soy, rice flour and corn. Tapioca starch and xanthan gum were used as correctors of rheological dispersion. By methods of mathematical planning of the experiment, the optimal amounts of dry components in the dough formulation were established, : corn flour 31,897, tapioca starch 24,085, rice flour 31,684, soy flour 12,334, in which the technological properties of the unleavened dough from gluten-free raw materials are practically not inferior to the rheological properties of the dough from wheat flour. For the plasticity of the test mass and increase the elasticity of the finished products, xanthan gum was introduced in an amount of 0,35 to the mass of the composite flour mixture. The dough is prepared by mixing soy flour with tapioca starch and xanthan gum and then adding to the obtained mixture of milk whey temperature 3540C mixture 1. Then the mixture 2, consisting of egg mass, vegetable oil, rice and corn flour and water, is added to the mixture 1. Kneading was carried out for 1015 minutes to obtain uniformly mixed plastic dough, which was maintained for 4060 minutes, dosed, packed and sent the dough pieces to cool or freeze. Industrial production of the developed flour culinary products is carried out according to the traditional scheme, but in the presence of two kneading machines, since the developed technology provides for a separate connection of cooking 1 and 2. The developed dough products based on the composition of gluten-free raw materials require longer heat treatment during preparation, are characterized by elasticity and strength after cooking with integrity preservation, The developed products had a high organoleptic rating and were tested in the production conditions of public catering enterprises of Krasnodar.


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