scholarly journals Synthesis of Z-scheme BiOCI/CuFe2O4 Composite with Enhanced Visible Light Photodegradation of Palm Oil Mill Effluent

2021 ◽  
Vol 945 (1) ◽  
pp. 012034
Author(s):  
Jin Han Tan ◽  
Jin Chung Sin ◽  
Sze Mun Lam
Keyword(s):  
Visible Light ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Liquid Waste ◽  
Palm Oil Mill Effluent ◽  
Aquatic Life ◽  
Composite Photocatalyst ◽  
Efficient Charge ◽  
Wavelength Absorption ◽  
Palm Oil Mill ◽  
Carrier Separation

Abstract The palm oil industry generated thick brownish liquid waste known as POME (palm oil mill effluent). POME is one of the wastes that can seriously threaten the survival of aquatic life if discharged untreated. In this study, efficient photocatalytic degradation of POME by CuFe2O4 decorated on BiOCl (BiOCl/CuFe2O4) was reported. The Z-scheme BiOCl/CuFe2O4 composite was successfully fabricated via a precipitation-hydrothermal method. The fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) result clearly displayed the presence of BiOCl and CuFe2O4 in the composite photocatalyst. Compared to pure BiOCl, the composite photocatalyst demonstrated a redshift in the wavelength absorption and great visible light absorbing ability. The photodegradation experiments indicated that the BiOCl/CuFe2O4 demonstrated exceptional POME degradation and decolourization efficiencies of 60% and 68%, respectively after 720 min illumination when compared to the single-phase component photocatalysts. The photocatalytic enhancement of BiOCl/CuFe2O4 can be attributed to the efficient charge carrier separation via the Z-scheme heterojunction.

scholarly journals INDONESIAN NANOCLAYS FOR THE REMOVAL OF NITRATE IN LIQUID WASTE CONTAINING PALM OIL MILL EFFLUENT

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (02) ◽  
pp. 164
Author(s):  
Untung Sudadi ◽  
Syaiful Anwar ◽  
Rendy Anggriawan ◽  
Tengku Afrizal
Keyword(s):  
Palm Oil ◽  
Liquid Waste ◽  
Land Application ◽  
Palm Oil Mill Effluent ◽  
Isothermal Adsorption ◽  
Volcanic Tuff ◽  
Natural Adsorbent ◽  
Nitrate Adsorption ◽  
Palm Oil Mill ◽  
Potential Use

Land application of liquid waste containing palm oil mill effluent (LW-POME) as soil ameliorant can cause water contamination due to its high content of nitrate if improperly treated. Indonesia is rich with volcanic tuff materials that contain variable charged soil clay minerals. This study was aimed at to extract nanoclays (fraction sized <200 nm) from volcanic tuffs of Mt. Salak, West Java, Indonesia, and evaluate their potential use as adsorbent of nitrate in LW-POME. By applying dispersion, ultrasonication, centrifugation, and dialysis separation techniques, it could be extracted positively charged nanoclays nc3 and nc4 from the respectively tuff materials tv3 and tv4. Their potential use as natural adsorbent of nitrate as anionic contaminant was evaluated using Langmuir isothermal adsorption model. After 48 h equilibration, it could be extracted 4.33 mg nc3/g tv3 and 7.73 mg nc4/g tv4 with nitrate adsorption maxima of 48.3 and 40 mg/g for nc3 and nc4, respectively. The removal of nitrate in the LW-POME from 62 to 20 mg/L as to comply with the Indonesian liquid waste quality standard required 29.81 mg nc3/L or 39.34 mg nc4/L. The extracted nanoclays were considered prospective to be utilized as natural adsorbent for nitrate removal in LW-POME. Keywords: anionic contaminant, natural adsorbent, nitrate adsorption, volcanic tuff

Thermophilic Anaerobic Contact Digestion of Palm Oil Mill Effluent

1985 ◽  
Vol 17 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 155-166 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Ibrahim ◽  
B. G. Yeoh ◽  
S. C. Cheah ◽  
A. N. Ma ◽  
S. Ahmad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Palm Oil ◽  
Liquid Waste ◽  
Palm Oil Mill Effluent ◽  
Organic Load ◽  
Anaerobic Digesters ◽  
Effective System ◽  
Contact Digestion ◽  
Palm Oil Mill ◽  
High Level ◽  
Anaerobic Pretreatment

The palm oil industry is one of the major agro-based industries in Malaysia whose production accounts for more than 90% of the world export. The industry, however, also generates enormous quantities of liquid waste with high organic load causing serious pollution problems. In view of the high level of organics, anaerobic pretreatment is usually practised prior to aerobic breakdown. Most of the anaerobic digesters installed at the mills are currently operated under mesophilic conditions. However, the inherently high temperature of the effluent suggests that thermophilic digestion would bring about a much more effective system. This paper reports on results obtained from a pilot plant study on thermophilic anaerobic contact digestion of palm oil mill effluent which has been conducted and includes a microbiological study associated with the investigation.

scholarly journals Pengembangan Potensi Energi Alternatif Dengan Pemanfaatan Limbah Cair Kelapa Sawit Sebagai Sumber Energi Baru Terbarukan Di Kabupaten Kotawaringin Timur

2016 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yulian Mara Alkusma ◽  
Hermawan Hermawan ◽  
H Hadiyanto
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Chemical Oxygen Demand ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Liquid Waste ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Palm Oil Mill Effluent ◽  
Environmental Disaster ◽  
Palm Oil Mill

ABSTRAKEnergi  memiliki  peranan penting dalam proses pembangunan yang pada akhirnya untuk mencapai tujuan sosial,  ekonomi  dan  lingkungan  untuk  serta  merupakan  pendukung bagi kegiatan  ekonomi  nasional. Sumber energi terbarukan yang berasal dari pemanfaatan biogas limbah cair kelapa sawit dapat menghasilkan energi listrik yang saat ini banyak bergantung pada generator diesel dengan biaya yang mahal.Limbah cair kelapa sawit (Palm Oil Mill Effluent atau POME) adalah limbah cair yang berminyak dan tidak beracun, berasal dari proses pengolahan minyak kelapa sawit, namun limbah cair tersebut dapat menyebabkan bencana lingkungan apabila tidak dimanfaatkan dan dibuang di kolam terbuka karena akan melepaskan sejumlah besar gas metana dan gas berbahaya lainnya ke udara yang menyebabkan terjadinya emisi gas rumah kaca. Tingginya kandungan Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) sebesar 50.000-70.000 mg/l dalam limbah cair kelapa sawit memberikan potensi untuk dapat di konversi menjadi listrik dengan menangkap biogas (gas metana) yang dihasilkan melalui serangkaian tahapan proses pemurnian. Di Kabupaten Kotawaringin Timur terdapat 36 Pabrik Pengolahan Kelapa Sawit yang total kapasitas pabriknya adalah sebesar 2.115 TBS/jam, menghasilkan limbah cair sebesar 1.269 ton limbah cari/jam dan mampu menghasilkan 42.300 m3 biogas.Kata kunci:  Renewable Energy, Plam Oil Mill Effluent, Chemical Oxygen Demand, Biogass, Methane. ABSTRACTEnergy has an important role in the development process and ultimately to achieve the objectives of social, economic and environment for as well as an environmental support for national economic activity. Renewable energy source derived from wastewater biogas utilization of oil palm can produce electrical energy which is currently heavily dependent on diesel generators at a cost that mahal.Limbah liquid palm oil (Palm Oil Mill Effluent, or POME) is the wastewater that is greasy and non-toxic, derived from the processing of palm oil, but the liquid waste could cause environmental disaster if not used and disposed of in open ponds because it will release large amounts of methane and other harmful gases into the air that cause greenhouse gas emissions. The high content of Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) of 50000-70000 mg / l in the liquid waste palm oil provides the potential to be converted into electricity by capturing the biogas (methane gas) produced through a series of stages of the purification process. In East Kotawaringin there are 36 palm oil processing factory that total factory capacity is of 2,115 TBS / hour, producing 1,269 tons of liquid waste wastewater / h and is capable of producing 42,300 m3 of biogas.Keywords:  Renewable Energy, Plam Oil Mill Effluent, Chemical Oxygen Demand, Biogass, MethaneCara sitasi: Alkusma, Y.M., Hermawan, dan Hadiyanto. (2016). Pengembangan Potensi Energi Alternatif dengan Pemanfaatan Limbah Cair Kelapa Sawit sebagai Sumber Energi Baru Terbarukan di Kabupaten Kotawaringin Timur. Jurnal Ilmu Lingkungan,14(2),96-102, doi:10.14710/jil.14.2.96-102

scholarly journals Photocatalytic Technology for Palm Oil Mill Effluent (POME) Wastewater Treatment: Current Progress and Future Perspective

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (11) ◽  
pp. 2846
Author(s):  
Wibawa Hendra Saputera ◽  
Aryan Fathoni Amri ◽  
Rahman Daiyan ◽  
Dwiwahju Sasongko
Keyword(s):  
Palm Oil ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Liquid Waste ◽  
Membrane Technology ◽  
Palm Oil Mill Effluent ◽  
Future Perspective ◽  
Conventional System ◽  
Treatment Technology ◽  
Palm Oil Mill

The palm oil industry produces liquid waste called POME (palm oil mill effluent). POME is stated as one of the wastes that are difficult to handle because of its large production and ineffective treatment. It will disturb the ecosystem with a high organic matter content if the waste is disposed directly into the environment. The authorities have established policies and regulations in the POME waste quality standard before being discharged into the environment. However, at this time, there are still many factories in Indonesia that have not been able to meet the standard of POME waste disposal with the existing treatment technology. Currently, the POME treatment system is still using a conventional system known as an open pond system. Although this process can reduce pollutants’ concentration, it will produce much sludge, requiring a large pond area and a long processing time. To overcome the inability of the conventional system to process POME is believed to be a challenge. Extensive effort is being invested in developing alternative technologies for the POME waste treatment to reduce POME waste safely. Several technologies have been studied, such as anaerobic processes, membrane technology, advanced oxidation processes (AOPs), membrane technology, adsorption, steam reforming, and coagulation. Among other things, an AOP, namely photocatalytic technology, has the potential to treat POME waste. This paper provides information on the feasibility of photocatalytic technology for treating POME waste. Although there are some challenges in this technology’s large-scale application, this paper proposes several strategies and directions to overcome these challenges.

scholarly journals Strategi pemanfaatan Palm Oil Mill Effluent (POME) sebagai sumber energi berkelanjutan di pabrik kelapa sawit PT. Meridan Sejati Surya Plantation Kabupaten Siak

Jurnal Zona ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 50-59
Author(s):  
Antoni Antoni ◽  
Yusni Ikhwan Siregar ◽  
Suwondo Suwondo
Keyword(s):  
Energy Source ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Swot Analysis ◽  
Sustainable Energy ◽  
Liquid Waste ◽  
Oil Industry ◽  
Palm Oil Mill Effluent ◽  
Oil Processing ◽  
The Will ◽  
Palm Oil Mill

The development of the palm oil industry in Indonesia is growing rapidly, including the increasing number of palm oil processing factories and their liquid waste which has an impact on increasing the amount of greenhouse gases through methane gas. This research was conducted to determine the strategy in utilizing the effluent palm oil mill as a sustainable energy source in the palm oil mill of PT. MSSP of Siak Regency. Utilization of palm oil mill effluent as biogas fuel is carried out using covered lagoon reactor pond technology and serves to reduce the emission value of 1,365.90 tons of CH4 during 2019 and to function in economic efficiency from the use of sustainable energy or biogas for companies by Rp. 8,109,598,450 and socially functioning for employees and the community around PT. MSSP is a positive perception, both in lightening the work of employees and reducing the will in community settlements. The strategy carried out in the utilization of palm oil mill effluent as a sustainable energy source at PT. MSSP aims at good and proper management and application. The strategy was formulated in the SWOT analysis by compiling strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats in the application of the utilization of palm oil mill effluent as a sustainable energy source.

scholarly journals Aplikasi Lucutan Plasma Corona Dalam Pengolahan Limbah Cair Kelapa Sawit

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 9-14
Author(s):  
Adityo Pamungkas ◽  
Ika Novia Anggraini ◽  
M. Khairul Amri Rosa ◽  
Afriyastuti Herawati
Keyword(s):  
Corona Discharge ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Green Revolution ◽  
Liquid Waste ◽  
Palm Oil Mill Effluent ◽  
Treatment Experiment ◽  
Plasma Corona ◽  
Bath Water ◽  
Palm Oil Mill ◽  
Processed Products

ABSTRACT The green revolution in the field of palm oil farming not only contributes to processed products but also produces large-capacity waste originating from its processing starting from the sterilization process, water from the clarification process, hydro cyclone (clay bath) water, and factory washing water. Palm oil mill effluent (LCPKS) contains dissolved and suspended solids in the form of colloids and oil residues with high BOD and COD. If this liquid waste is discharged directly into the water, it can pollute the environment. Some will settle, decompose slowly, consume dissolved dcxdcoxygen, cause turbidity, emit a sharp odor and can damage the aquatic ecosystem. To improve the parameters in the LCPKS so that it is feasible to flow to water bodies or the environment, an LCPKS treatment experiment test is performed by applying corona discharge with variations in voltage and length of time, then comparing the effect on parameters such as BOD, COD, pH and TDS on LCPKS before treatment and after treatment. From the treatment process using a corona discharge application with variations in voltage and time able to reduce BOD levels up to 35%, COD 36%, increase in TDS reached 71.56% and decreased pH by 4.11%.Key words: Palm oil mill effluent (LCPKS), Corona discharge application (Corona Discharge Treatment), COD, BOD, TDS, pH

scholarly journals Monitoring of The Palm Oil Plantation Ecosystem Based on Land Macrofauna Diversity

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Arlen Hanel John
Keyword(s):  
Palm Oil ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Liquid Waste ◽  
Land Application ◽  
Palm Oil Mill Effluent ◽  
Sampling Point ◽  
Soil Macrofauna ◽  
Palm Oil Mill ◽  
Index Value

Oil palm plantations of PT. Supra Matra Abadi has used palm oil mill effluent to the plantation area as fertilizer (Land Application) to part of its plantation area. The difference in land use and management in the plantation area also determines the presence, both species, density, diversity index value, and soil macrofauna uniformity index. Soil macrofauna plays a role in maintaining the balance of the soil ecosystem. This research has been conducted at PT. Supra Matra Abadi, located in Kebun Panji Bay, Kampung Rakyat District, Labuhanbatu Selatan Regency, North Sumatra Province in May-July 2018. This research was conducted to determine the presence of species, population density, diversity index values, and uniformity of soil macrofauna on oil palm plantations. Determination of the sampling point is done by the Purposive Random Sampling method, soil macrofauna sampling using the Quadratic and Hand Sorting methods. There are 15 species of soil macrofauna which are grouped into 2 phyla, 5 classes, 9 orders, 12 families, and 15 genera. The highest density value was found in the area of plantations that were not given liquid palm oil mill effluent as fertilizer (Non Land Application) of 282.15 ind / m2 and the highest diversity index value was found in the area of oil palm plantations which were fertilized with palm oil mill liquid waste to land area (Land Application) which shows that the condition of the oil palm plantation ecosystem which is fertilized with palm oil mill effluent (Land Application) can support the life, diversity, and uniformity of soil macrofauna.

scholarly journals Inoculum Selection and Micro-Aeration for Biogas Production in Two-Stage Anaerobic Digestion of Palm Oil Mill Effluent (POME)

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-21
Author(s):  
Sri Ismiyati Damayanti ◽  
Dian Fitriani Astiti ◽  
Chandra Wahyu Purnomo ◽  
Sarto Sarto ◽  
Wiratni Budhijanto
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Volatile Fatty Acids ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Liquid Waste ◽  
Palm Oil Mill Effluent ◽  
Cow Manure ◽  
Two Stage ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Palm Oil Mill

Two-stage anaerobic fluidized bed is an innovation in anaerobic digestion technology intended to handle liquid waste with high organic loading and complex substrate. The process is based on separation between acidogenic/acetogenic and methanogenic processes. The first stage is anaerobic process to convert substrate (represented as soluble chemical oxygen demand/sCOD) into volatile fatty acids (VFA). The second stage is methanogenic process to convert VFA into biogas. This study aimed to separate acidogenic/acetogenic and methanogenic processes by means of limited injection of air (micro-aeration) and inoculum selection. Micro-aeration was introduced in acidogenic/acetogenic stage because the relevant microbes were facultative so that the obligate anaerobic methanogens will be suppressed. On the other hand, the methanogenic reactor was kept completely anaerobic to ensure methanogenic dominance over acidogenic/acetogenic ones. Two sources of inoculums were used in this study, i.e. anaerobically digested biodiesel waste and anaerobically digested cow manure. Both inoculums were taken from active biogas reactor treating biodiesel waste and cow manure, respectively. Experiments were run in batch reactors treating palm oil mill effluent (POME) as the substrate for the acidogenic/acetogenic reactor. After the reaction in the first stage reached the minimum substrate concentration, the content of the reactor was used as the substrate for the methanogenic reactor as the second stage. Routine measurements were taken for sCOD and VFA concentrations, biogas production, and methane concentration in the biogas. Results confirmed that micro-aeration maintained good performance of acidogenic/acetogenic process, which was indicated by peaks in VFA accumulation, while suppressing methanogenic activities as no methane produced in this stage. Digested biodiesel waste was superior inoculum to be compared to digested cow manure with respect to sCOD removal. In the methanogenic stage, digested biodiesel waste also performed better as inoculum as it led to higher VFA conversion, higher biogas production rate, and higher methane content in the biogas. 

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