scholarly journals Waste Products as an Alternative Construction Material-A Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 981 ◽  
pp. 032086
Author(s):  
J Anne Mary ◽  
R Gobinath ◽  
G Shyamala ◽  
K Rajesh Chary
Keyword(s):  
Construction Material ◽  
Waste Products ◽  
Alternative Construction

Geopolymer Synthesis Using Metakaolin and High Calcium Fly Ash as Binary System Geopolymer

2020 ◽  
Vol 1007 ◽  
pp. 65-70
Author(s):  
Thammaros Pantongsuk ◽  
Chayanee Tippayasam ◽  
Pakamon Kittisayarm ◽  
Siripan Nilpairach ◽  
Duangrudee Chaysuwan
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Fly Ash ◽  
Construction Material ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Waste Products ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Alternative Construction ◽  
High Calcium ◽  
High Calcium Fly Ash

Conventional cement production process emits tons of carbon dioxide gas which is one of the greenhouse gases that influence the environment across the world. Discovering the alternative construction material with the eco-friendly process and the performance similar to or greater than ordinary Portland cement has been attractive to find out. This research presented green construction materials or so-called geopolymers from metakaolin substituted by high calcium fly ash by 20, 40, 60, 80 and 100 wt%. Some researches reported that geopolymer produced from metakaolin and fly ash with alkali solution gave a great result, but usually, they used fly ash containing very low calcium component. Compressive strength at 3, 7 and 28 curing days and flowability were conducted. The compressive strength of geopolymers blended with high calcium fly ash was still developed as the curing day increased and revealed the highest at 28 days especially on MK40 (high calcium fly ash 60 wt%). Geopolymer pastes prepared with a higher amount of high calcium fly ash exhibited less viscous. It was proved that the high amount of high calcium fly ash could be applied and gave extraordinary compressive strength. Furthermore, X-ray diffraction and X-ray fluorescence were used to investigate chemical properties as well as microstructure by a scanning electron microscope. For phase analysis, the existence of oxides of calcium and sulfur in high calcium fly ash resulted in the formation of thenardite, calcite, portlandite and C-S-H phase associating with geopolymeric phase. Therefore, this research proposed the opportunity for geopolymer production by using abundant high calcium fly ash to raise the value of the industrial waste products and green alternative construction material compared with OPC.

scholarly journals Retrofit and Renovation of Concrete Bridges with Fibre Reinforced Polymer (FRP): The Third Alternative

2018 ◽  
Vol 199 ◽  
pp. 09010
Author(s):  
Gerrit Visser ◽  
Kees Van Ijselmuijden ◽  
Ernst Klamer ◽  
Gideon Van Zijl
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
South African ◽  
Construction Material ◽  
Concrete Bridges ◽  
The South ◽  
Awareness Campaign ◽  
Reinforced Polymer ◽  
Alternative Construction ◽  
Pedestrian Bridges ◽  
Fibre Reinforced Polymer

This paper presents Fibre Reinforced Polymer (FRP) as a third alternative construction material worth considering when retrofitting a bridge structure. FRP offers the following advantages: lighter than steel and concrete, non-corrosive, low in maintenance, stronger than structural steel and fatigue resistant. FRP has been used in Europe and more specifically in the Netherlands for almost 20 years in the retrofitting of road bridges, in new pedestrian bridges, road bridges and lock doors for sluices. The Netherlands has recently developed the updated Dutch Design Code CUR Recommendation 96, which was published in December 2017. The CUR Recommendation 96 will form the basis for developing the Eurocode FRP which is expected to be published between 2020 and 2025. The use of FRP in retrofitting of bridges is presented using examples which demonstrate how existing concrete decks, and steel and concrete substructures could be retained by the use of FRP in the retrofitting solution. Due to FRP being a relatively unknown material within the South African bridge design field, the authors have embarked on an awareness campaign targeting academics, government bodies, suppliers, manufacturers and contractors, with the aim of presenting FRP as a third alternative construction material in the South African bridge fraternity.

scholarly journals Properties of geopolymers

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalija Janosevic ◽  
Snezana Djoric-Veljkovic ◽  
Gordana Toplicic-Curcic ◽  
Jugoslav Karamarkovic
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Construction Material ◽  
Considerable Progress ◽  
Waste Products ◽  
Environmental Friendly ◽  
Physical Chemical ◽  
Near Future

Especially geopolymers are novel environmental friendly materials, with promises of considerable progress in the near future. These materials, with unique physical, chemical and mechanical properties can be used for many different applications. They are produced by using waste-products from the industry, and turning them into a high value construction material needed for infrastructure developments.

scholarly journals Influence of Elevated Temperature on Concrete Properties Containing Natural Wastes Treated by Pyrolysis

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Manal M. Farag ◽  
Magdy El- Yamany ◽  
A. S. Faried ◽  
W. H. Sofi
Keyword(s):  
Natural Fiber ◽  
Construction Material ◽  
Natural Fibers ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Modern Concept ◽  
Cement Concrete ◽  
Plant Fibers ◽  
Waste Products ◽  
Optimum Result

Concrete is probably the most extensively used construction material in the world. The modern concept of construction is directed at the use of recycled materials, in particular, various waste products. This solves a number of problems -saving the expensive materials; - decreasing CO2 emissions by reducing the production of construction materials, so, these can also be used as refractory materials. Plant fibers are the most abundant fiber among all the natural fibers. Bamboo, palm, sisal, jute, date kernel, flax etc. are the commonly known plant fibers. Plant fibers are also called cellulosic fiber and have quite promising tensile strength. Natural Plant fibers treated by pyrolysis in concrete such as additions; determine the effect of these substances and the effect of temperature on the properties of concrete. The natural fibers in concrete are added accordingly with the percentage of 0.5%, 1%, 1.5% and 2% by weight of cement concrete cubes are tested at the age of 7 and 28 days of curing. Natural waste treated by pyrolysis and different additives on concrete behavior to improve its performance in the future to use in Civil Engineering and Construction World. The optimum result for natural fibers was observed at 1.0% for bamboo and date kernel and 1.5% for palm oil of natural fiber.

Behaviour of Fly Ash and Rice Husk Ash Based Geopolymer Concrete

2018 ◽  
Vol 775 ◽  
pp. 596-602
Author(s):  
Saraswati Verma ◽  
Mayank Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Fly Ash ◽  
Rice Husk ◽  
Rice Husk Ash ◽  
Construction Material ◽  
Sustainable Construction ◽  
Geopolymer Concrete ◽  
Waste Products ◽  
Ambient Exposure ◽  
Heat Curing ◽  
Naoh Solution

Geopolymer Concrete (GPC) is a novel concrete which has evolved in recent decades. It uses industrial waste products like fly ash (FA), ground granulated blast slag (GGBS), Rice husk ash (RHA), micro-silica, and red mud etc., from industries, with alkaline liquids to replace cement in concrete by 100%, thereby developing an eco-friendly and sustainable construction material and simultaneously reducing waste disposal problem of fly ash and rice husk ash. GPC not only possesses excellent mechanical properties it also have very good durability properties. This paper presents the effect of partial replacements of fly ash with rice husk ash on the properties of geopolymer concrete. Mixes chosen for investigation were GPC-1, GPC-2, GPC-3, GPC-4, and GPC-5 containing respectively 0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20% RHA in place of FA. Various synthesis parameters like alkaline liquid to source material ratio, molarity of NaOH solution, sodium silicate to sodium hydroxide ratio were kept at their optimum values of 0.45, 12M, and 2.5 respectively. Heat curing was given to specimens by dry oven curing for initial 24 hours at a specified temperature of 70°C, and then ambient exposure was given to the test specimens for periods of 3, 7, 28, and 90 days respectively. Results of tests conducted have been discussed in detail.

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