Effects of Aqueous Extracts of Garlic (Allium sativum) and Neem (Azadirachta indica) Leaf on Hepatic and Blood Oxidant-Antioxidant Status During Experimental Gastric Carcinogenesis

2004 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 334-339
Author(s):  
S. Arivazhagan ◽  
B. Velmurugan ◽  
V. Bhuvaneswari ◽  
S. Nagini
Keyword(s):  
Azadirachta Indica ◽  
Antioxidant Status ◽  
Allium Sativum ◽  
Gastric Carcinogenesis ◽  
Aqueous Extracts

scholarly journals Antifungal Potential of Aqueous Extract of Some Traditional Plants on Microsporum Gypseum

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 2175-2179
Author(s):  
Puneet Sudan ◽  
Jitender Singh
Keyword(s):  
Azadirachta Indica ◽  
Allium Sativum ◽  
The Other ◽  
Keratinophilic Fungus ◽  
Microsporum Gypseum ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Trigonella Foenum Graecum ◽  
Capsicum Annum ◽  
Cinnamomum Tamala ◽  
Antifungal Potential

The aqueous extracts of Azadirachta indica, Trigonella foenum graecum, Allium sativum, Cinnamomum tamala, Capsicum annum were used to test their antifungal properties against the keratinophilic fungus Microsporum gypseum. Plant aqueous extracts were taken at two different concentrations of 5% and 10%. The present study revealed that Allium sativum and Capsicum annum at 10% conc. had more potent antifungal potential as compared to all the other extracts followed by Azadirachta indica, Trigonella foenum graecum and Cinnamomum tamala.

scholarly journals Prospects of botanical pesticides in management of Iroko gall bug, Phytolyma fusca (Hemiptera, Psylloidea) under laboratory and field conditions

2021 ◽  
Vol 82 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Juliana Amaka Ugwu
Keyword(s):  
West Africa ◽  
Azadirachta Indica ◽  
Residual Effects ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Plant Materials ◽  
Piper Guineense ◽  
Early Management ◽  
Ethanol Extracts ◽  
Milicia Excelsa ◽  
Contact Effects

Abstract Background Iroko gall bug, Phytolyma fusca Walker, is a major insect pest of Milicia excelsa (Iroko) seedling hampering its propagation in West Africa. Milicia excelsa is an indigenous forest timber tree in the tropical rain forest of West Africa with a very high value in international trade due to its wood quality. Sustainable management of P. fusca infestations on Iroko seedlings have not been achieved due to their cryptic nature and multivoltine generations. This study evaluated the residual and contact effects of crude ethanol and aqueous extracts of four plants (Azadirachta indica, Jatropha curcas, Piper guineense, and Aframomum melegueta) on adult P. fusca in the laboratory and field. Results All the extracts had residual effects and contact effects on adult insects in the laboratory at 75% and 100% concentrations of applications. Azadirachta indica, P. guineense, and A. melegueta gave 80–100% adult mortality at both concentrations in the laboratory; their efficacies were comparable to cypermethrin. The ethanol extracts of P. guineense and A. indica were more effective than other extracts in protecting the seedlings against Phytolyma infestations in the field. They significantly (p < 0.01) reduced infestation compared to other extracts and control. Ethanol extracts of the tested plant materials were more effective than their aqueous extracts both in the laboratory and field. Conclusion The results proved that P. guineense and A. indica extracts were very potent and promising in protecting Milicia excelsa seedlings against Phytolyma fusca infestations and they can be used in the early management of Phytolyma infestations in the field.

scholarly journals Phytochemical screening and evaluation of antioxidant capacities of Allium cepa, Allium sativum, and Monodora myristica using in vitro and in vivo models

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-52
Author(s):  
Chioma E. Irozuru Irozuru ◽  
Janet O. Olugbodi ◽  
Uche Okuu Arunsi ◽  
Olusola Ladeji
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Allium Cepa ◽  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Allium Sativum ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
In Vivo Models ◽  
Monodora Myristica

Background: Allium cepa, Allium sativum, and Monodora myristica are commonly sourced food condiments in every household in Nigeria. In the present study, we investigated the phytochemical compositions, in vitro and in vivo antioxidant activity of these plants. Methods: The aqueous extracts from the A. cepa, A. sativum, and M. myristica were evaluated for phytochemical composition using standard protocols while the antioxidant activities were evaluated using the reducing power assay. Forty-five (45) Male Wistar rats (weighing 185±10 g) were divided into five groups (n=9) and were orally administered with 100 mg/kg BW each of A. sativum, M. myristica, A. cepa, and ascorbic acid while the control group received 0.5 mL/kg BW distilled water alone. Animals (n=3) from each group were sacrificed after the 20th, 25th, and 30th days of oral administration. The blood and tissue samples were collected for the analysis of biochemical parameters. Result: Our results revealed the presence of flavonoids, alkaloids, tannins, saponins, and terpenes in the plant extracts. A. sativum had the highest reducing power capacity followed by M. myristica and then A. cepa. The in vitro antioxidants activities demonstrated by the plant extracts were higher than that of ascorbic acid but less than butylated hydroxytoluene. In vivo antioxidant studies showed a marked increase (p<0.05) in the level of catalase with a concurrent decrease (p<0.05) in the levels of MDA and H2O2 in the liver and kidney of rats administered with aqueous extracts of the condiments compared to the normal control and ascorbic acid in the following order control < ascorbic acid < A. cepa < M. myristica < A. sativum. Conclusion: Based on these findings, we infer that the aqueous extracts of A. cepa, A. sativum, and M. myristica are rich in antioxidants and as a result could serve as promising novel functional foods and nutraceuticals

scholarly journals EFECTO ALEPOPÁTICO DE TRES EXTRACTOS VEGETALES SOBRE EL DESARROLLO DE RAPHANUS SATIVUS (BRASSICACEAE) EN EL PERÚ

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-3
Keyword(s):  
Raphanus Sativus ◽  
Allium Sativum ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Persea Americana ◽  
Allelopathic Effect ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Ruta Graveolens ◽  
Allelopathic Potential ◽  
Raphanus Sativus L ◽  
Water Treatments

EFECTO ALEPOPÁTICO DE TRES EXTRACTOS VEGETALES SOBRE EL DESARROLLO DE RAPHANUS SATIVUS (BRASSICACEAE) EN EL PERÚ ALLELOPATHIC EFFECT OF THREE PLANTS EXTRACTS ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF RAPHANUS SATIVUS (BRASSICACEAE) IN PERÚ Hildebrando Ayala & Rafael La Rosa DOI: https://doi.org/10.33017/RevECIPeru2007.0007/ RESUMEN El uso de plantas con actividad alelopática en la actualidad resulta de gran importancia  porque nos permite el desarrollo de una agricultura rentable y no contaminante del medio ambiente. El objetivo de este trabajo fue estudiar la acción de extractos acuosos de ajo (Allium sativum L, Liliaceae), palta (Persea americana Mill, Lauraceae) y ruda (Ruta graveolens L, Rutaceae) sobre el desarrollo de la hortaliza rabanito (Raphanus sativus L, Brassicaceae). Los extractos se prepararon a partir de bulbos de A. sativum, semilla de P. americana y hojas y flores de R. graveolens a los cuales triturados se le adiciona agua hervida. Los tratamientos fueron extractos puros al (20% p/v). El diseño fue completamente aleatorizado con 4 repeticiones. Se determino peso fresco (g), peso seco (g), longitud de raíz (cm), longitud área (cm) y área foliar(cm2). Los datos se analizaron mediante ANOVA y Test de Tukey para la comparación de medias. Los resultados alcanzados muestran de que no existe efectos significativos en comparación con el control, del potencial alelopático de los extractos acuosos evaluados bajo condiciones controladas. Palabras claves: Extractos acuosos, semillas, hojas, flores, bulbos, Allium sativum, Persea americana, Ruta graveolens. ABSTRACT The use of plants with allelopathic activity nowadays is very important because it allows us to develop a profitable agriculture and non-polluting the environment. The objective of this work was to study the action of aqueous extracts of garlic (Allium sativum L, Liliaceae), avocado (Persea americana Mill, Lauraceae) and rough (Ruta graveolens L, Rutaceae) on the development of vegetable radish (Raphanus sativus L, Brassicaceae). The extracts were prepared from A. sativum bulbs, P. americana seeds and R. graveolens leaves and flowers to which he adds crushed boiled water. Treatments were the pure extracts (20% w / v). The design was completely randomized with 4 repetitions. It was found fresh weight (g), dry weight (g), root length (cm) long area (cm) and leaf area (cm2 ). The data was analyzed with Anova and Tukey test for the comparison of averages. The results show that there is no significant effects compared to the control of allelopathic potential of aqueous extracts tested under controlled conditions. Keywords: Aqueous extracts, seed, leaves, flowers, bulbs, Allium sativum, Persea americana, Ruta graveolens.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of Neem, Garlic and Red Chili Against Adult Dermestid Beetle in Sun Dried Fish

2013 ◽  
Vol 20 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 133-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
AKM Nowsad ◽  
R Mondal ◽  
MR Islam
Keyword(s):  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Azadirachta Indica ◽  
Allium Sativum ◽  
Capsicum Frutescens ◽  
Neem Extract ◽  
Dried Fish ◽  
Processing And Storage ◽  
Toxic Plant ◽  
Acetone Extracts ◽  
And Storage

The suitability of neem (Azadirachta indica), garlic (Allium sativum) and red chili (Capsicum frutescens) in repelling insects in dried fish during processing and storage was determined. Their acetone extracts were used to evaluate toxic effects against adult dermestid beetle, Dermestes sp. The concentration of plant extracts were 60%, 80% and 100% for adult Dermestes sp. The LC50 values of neem, garlic and red chili were 1.81%, 4.85% and 1.11%, respectively at 24 hours after treatment (HAT), indicating that red chili was the most toxic plant. Red chili possessed the highest toxic effect at 48 HAT (0.87%) and 72 HAT (0.03%). It was observed that all of the three plant extracts had repellent action on adult Dermestes sp. The highest mean repellency was observed in neem extract (62.67%) followed by red chili (38.44%) and garlic (31.11%). Repellent effects increased with the concentration of plant extracts.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/pa.v20i1-2.16865 Progress. Agric. 20(1 & 2): 133 – 142, 2009

Hyperoxia-induced changes in antioxidant capacity and the effect of dietary antioxidants

1999 ◽  
Vol 86 (6) ◽  
pp. 1817-1822 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guohua Cao ◽  
Barbara Shukitt-Hale ◽  
Paula C. Bickford ◽  
James A. Joseph ◽  
John McEwen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pleural Effusion ◽  
Antioxidant Status ◽  
Protein Concentration ◽  
Capillary Permeability ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Oxygen Radical ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Dietary Antioxidants ◽  
Induced Changes ◽  
Serum Protein Concentration

We investigated, by measuring oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC), whether hyperoxia causes alterations in antioxidant status and whether these alterations could be modulated by dietary antioxidants. Rats were fed for 8 wk a control diet or a control diet supplemented with vitamin E (500 IU/kg) or with aqueous extracts (ORAC: 1.36 mmol Trolox equivalents/kg) from blueberries or spinach and then were exposed to air or >99% O2for 48 h. Although the constituents of the extracts were not extensively characterized, HPLC indicated that blueberry extract was particularly rich in anthocyanins, and the spinach extract did not contain any anthocyanins. The ORAC was determined in samples without proteins [serum treated with perchloric acid (PCA); ORACPCA] and with proteins (ORACtot). Hyperoxia induced a decrease in serum protein concentration, an increase in serum ORACPCA, decreases in lung ORACPCAand ORACtot, and an equilibration of proteins and ORACPCAbetween serum and pleural effusion. These alterations suggested a redistribution of antioxidants between tissues and an increase in capillary permeability during hyperoxia. Only the blueberry extract was effective in alleviating the hyperoxia-induced redistribution of antioxidants between tissues.

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