Background & Introduction:
Patient’s self-management behaviors are essential to control
diabetes. Studies have demonstrated that health educational interventions can improve some aspects of
glycemic control and clinical outcomes, however, it is unclear which education theories underlying
these interventions improve effectiveness. In this review of the literature, we aimed to assess the efficacy
of health education and promotion theories, or models, to improve self-care and self- management
behaviors among patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D).
Methods & Results:
Eight scientific databases (Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus, Magiran, Google
Scholar, Medlib, ProQuest and Scientific Information Database) were searched to identify a published
academic article from 2010 to 2019. We included quasi-experimental, clinical trial and randomized
clinical trial studies. A total of 26 studies including data from 3879 patients with T2D met the inclusion
criteria. We found that the PRECEDE (7/26, 26.92%) and Health Belief Models (7/26, 26.92%) were
the most common models used to assess the efficacy of health education and health promotion models.
Conclusion:
Overall, health promotion and education theories and models have been used as a useful
instrument for improving the self-care behaviors and self-management behaviors among patients with
T2D.