Virulence and Antibiotic Resistance Patterns of Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase-Producing Salmonella enterica serovar Heidelberg Isolated from Broiler Chickens and Poultry Workers: A Potential Hazard

Background: In recent decades, extended spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) generating bacteria have increased universally. Among the most important causative agents of nosocomial infections throughout the world, Escherichia coli as main ESBL-producing bacteria are so highly regarded. Trends in the treatment of infections by such bacteria have led to a global concern. Methods: All strains were cultured and identified by the Clinical Microbiology Laboratory and were recovered from blood and urine cultures. In-vitro presence of ESBL was confirmed with Clinical and Laboratory Standard Institute double disc and PCR for CTX-M1, CTM-M2, CTX-M3 method. Results: The results of this study showed that Escherichia coli samples were resistant to AN (42.85%), GM (28.57%), AM (35.71%), AMC (35.71%), CZ (35.71%), and AZM (50%) antibiotics. While the most susceptible to antibiotic was ampicillin (64.28%), the least resistance to antibiotics was gentamicin. Conclusion: The current situation of multiple bacterial antibiotic resistance has become a worrisome issue in UTI. Multi-drug-resistant E. coli can be readily encountered in hospital settings during daily clinical practice, and urologist should act timely. The management of such infections is extremely important for the future, with particular reference to prevention of new antibiotic resistance patterns.

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Detection of extended spectrum beta-lactamase genes in Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from patients in rural Eastern Cape Province, South Africa

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-86570-y ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Mojisola C. Hosu ◽

Sandeep D. Vasaikar ◽

Grace E. Okuthe ◽

Teke Apalata

Keyword(s):

Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽

Antimicrobial Resistance ◽

Multidrug Resistant ◽

High Rate ◽

Infection Prevention And Control ◽

Beta Lactamase ◽

Eastern Cape ◽

Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase ◽

Extended Spectrum ◽

Resistance Patterns

AbstractThe proliferation of extended spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) producing Pseudomonas aeruginosa represent a major public health threat. In this study, we evaluated the antimicrobial resistance patterns of P. aeruginosa strains and characterized the ESBLs and Metallo- β-lactamases (MBL) produced. Strains of P. aeruginosa cultured from patients who attended Nelson Mandela Academic Hospital and other clinics in the four district municipalities of the Eastern Cape between August 2017 and May 2019 were identified; antimicrobial susceptibility testing was carried out against thirteen clinically relevant antibiotics using the BioMérieux VITEK 2 and confirmed by Beckman autoSCAN-4 System. Real-time PCR was done using Roche Light Cycler 2.0 to detect the presence of ESBLs; blaSHV, blaTEM and blaCTX-M genes; and MBLs; blaIMP, blaVIM. Strains of P. aeruginosa demonstrated resistance to wide-ranging clinically relevant antibiotics including piperacillin (64.2%), followed by aztreonam (57.8%), cefepime (51.5%), ceftazidime (51.0%), piperacillin/tazobactam (50.5%), and imipenem (46.6%). A total of 75 (36.8%) multidrug-resistant (MDR) strains were observed of the total pool of isolates. The blaTEM, blaSHV and blaCTX-M was detected in 79.3%, 69.5% and 31.7% isolates (n = 82), respectively. The blaIMP was detected in 1.25% while no blaVIM was detected in any of the strains tested. The study showed a high rate of MDR P. aeruginosa in our setting. The vast majority of these resistant strains carried blaTEM and blaSHV genes. Continuous monitoring of antimicrobial resistance and strict compliance towards infection prevention and control practices are the best defence against spread of MDR P. aeruginosa.

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Prevalence and Antimicrobial Resistance Patterns of Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase-Producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae Isolated from Blood Cultures in an Istanbul University Hospital

Chemotherapy ◽

10.1159/000224657 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 55 (4) ◽

pp. 293-297 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Fatma Koksal ◽

Kenan Ak ◽

Omer Kucukbasmaci ◽

Mustafa Samasti

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Antimicrobial Resistance ◽

Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽

Blood Cultures ◽

University Hospital ◽

Beta Lactamase ◽

Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase ◽

Extended Spectrum ◽

Resistance Patterns

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The Study of Antibiotic Resistance and Prevalence of Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase (ESBLs) Encoding Genes in Acinetobacter baumanni Isolates from Raw Foodstuffs

Iranian Journal of Medical Microbiology ◽

10.30699/ijmm.12.5.329 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 12 (5) ◽

pp. 329-337

Author(s):

Mohammad moradi ◽

Mohammad Reza Arabestani ◽

Ghodratollah Roshanaii ◽

Mohammad Yousef Alikhani ◽

◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antibiotic Resistance ◽

Beta Lactamase ◽

Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase ◽

Extended Spectrum ◽

Encoding Genes

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Clinical extended-spectrum beta-lactamase antibiotic resistance plasmids have diverse transfer rates and can spread in the absence of antibiotic selection

10.1101/796243 ◽

2019 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Fabienne Benz ◽

Jana S. Huisman ◽

Erik Bakkeren ◽

Joana A. Herter ◽

Tanja Stadler ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antibiotic Resistance ◽

Conjugative Transfer ◽

Beta Lactamase ◽

Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase ◽

Extended Spectrum ◽

Resistance Plasmids ◽

Serovar Typhimurium ◽

Spreading Potential

AbstractHorizontal gene transfer, mediated by conjugative plasmids, is a major driver of the global spread of antibiotic resistance. However, the relative contributions of factors that underlie the spread of clinically relevant plasmids are unclear. Here, we quantified conjugative transfer dynamics of Extended Spectrum Beta-Lactamase (ESBL) producing plasmids in the absence of antibiotics. We showed that clinical Escherichia coli strains natively associated with ESBL-plasmids conjugate efficiently with three distinct E. coli strains and one Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium strain, reaching final transconjugant frequencies of up to 1% within 24 hours in vitro. The variation of final transconjugant frequencies varied among plasmids, donors and recipients and was better explained by variation in conjugative transfer efficiency than by variable clonal expansion. We identified plasmid-specific genetic factors, specifically the presence/absence of transfer genes, that influenced final transconjugant frequencies. Finally, we investigated plasmid spread within the mouse intestine, demonstrating qualitative agreement between plasmid spread in vitro and in vivo. This suggests a potential for the prediction of plasmid spread in the gut of animals and humans, based on in vitro testing. Altogether, this may allow the identification of resistance plasmids with high spreading potential and help to devise appropriate measures to restrict their spread.

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