Physical Activity and Exergames Among Older Adults: A Scoping Review

Background: Implementing care models that emphasize chronic disease self-management (CDSM) strategies may be an effective approach to the growing prevalence of chronic conditions in Iran. We, therefore, conducted a scoping review on CDSM among older Iranians to identify existing gaps and opportunities to improve chronic disease care. Method: We conducted a search in CINAHL, EMBASE, MEDLINE/PubMed, and Cochrane library. Selected articles were charted based on year of publication, language, objectives, methods, target chronic disease(s), sample demographics, self-management type, and key findings. Results: We selected 73 articles. The main components of CDSM addressed were social support, education, physical activity, nutrition, self-monitoring, spirituality, and financial support. Older Iranians reported low levels of physical activity. Conclusion: Enhancing the quality of CDSM research and provision of coaching to enhance older adults’ social and mental health are among the main strategies to enhance CDSM among the Iranian older population.

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Adherence characteristics and reasons for abandonment of physical exercise-based interventions in older adults in Latin America: A scoping review (Características de la adherencia y motivos del abandono de las intervenciones basadas en el ejercicio físic

Retos ◽

10.47197/retos.v44i0.89359 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 44 ◽

pp. 10-26

Author(s):

Igor Cigarroa ◽

Rafael Zapata-Lamana ◽

Gonzalo Leiva-Gajardo ◽

Eduardo Vasquez ◽

Eva Parrado-Romero ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Older Adults ◽

Latin America ◽

Physical Exercise ◽

Scoping Review ◽

Total Sample ◽

Healthy Older Adults ◽

Mesh Terms ◽

Prisma Statement ◽

America Latina

This review describes the adherence characteristics and reasons for abandonment physical exercise-based interventions in older adults in Latin America. This scoping review was conducted in accordance with the PRISMA statement. Articles were searched in MEDLINE by PubMed, ELSEVIER by SCOPUS and SciELO. The MeSH terms "Exercise", Exercise Therapy" and "Aged" were used between 2015 and 2020. We searched for articles in Spanish, English, and Portuguese carried out in people aged 65 years and over.101 out of 4,642 randomized controlled trials (RCT) were included. A total sample of 5,013 older adults (79% women), with an average age of 68.2 years started their studies and 4,312 finished it, presenting an adherence to the interventions of 86%. Most of the studies were carried out in healthy older adults, in places enabled for the practice of physical activity, in charge of a physical activity professional, and the interventions were performed carried out through group therapeutic exercise. No article reported information on the minimum time of participation to the session to be considered as carried out. Only 30% of the articles reported the minimum participation of older adults in the intervention to include them in the study analysis, and 21% reported the average number of sessions attended to the intervention. The main reasons for abandonment were personal causes unrelated to the intervention. Only 5% of the articles reported injury of one of the participants (in two of them the injury was related to the intervention applied). This review characterized the physical exercise programs in older adults in Latin America, as well the adherence characteristics and the main reasons for abandonment to physical exercise-based interventions, by summarizing available evidence derived from RCTs. Resumen. Esta revisión describe las características de adherencia y motivos de abandono de las intervenciones basadas en ejercicio físico en adultos mayores en América Latina. Esta revisión de alcance se realizó de acuerdo con la declaración PRISMA. Los artículos fueron buscados en MEDLINE por PubMed, ELSEVIER por SCOPUS y SciELO. Los términos MeSH "Ejercicio", Terapia de ejercicio "y" Anciano "se utilizaron entre 2015 y 2020. Se buscaron artículos en español, inglés y portugués realizados en personas de 65 años o más. Se incluyeron 101 de 4.642 ensayos aleatorizados controlados (ECA), en una muestra total de 5.013 adultos mayores (79% mujeres), con una edad promedio de 68,2 años, que iniciaron sus estudios finalizando 4.312, presentando una adherencia a las intervenciones del 86%. La mayoría de los estudios fueron realizado en adultos mayores sanos, en lugares habilitados para la práctica de actividad física, a cargo de un profesional de actividad física, y las intervenciones se realizaron a través de ejercicio terapéutico grupal. Ningún artículo reportó información sobre el tiempo mínimo de participación a la sesión Sólo el 30% de los artículos informaron la participación mínima de los adultos mayores en la intervención para incluirlos en el análisis del estudio, y el 21% informó el número medio de sesiones. atendidos a la intervención. Los principales motivos de abandono fueron causas personales ajenas a la intervención. Solo el 5% de los artículos reportaron lesión de uno de los participantes (en dos de ellos la lesión estuvo relacionada con la intervención aplicada). Esta revisión caracterizó los programas de ejercicio físico en adultos mayores en América Latina, así como las características de adherencia y los principales motivos de abandono a las intervenciones basadas en ejercicio físico, al resumir la evidencia disponible derivada de ECA.

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Accelerometer-measured Physical Activity of Older Adults with Type 2 Diabetes: A scoping review (Preprint)

10.2196/preprints.34433 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Ioana A. Moldovan ◽

Alexa Bragg ◽

Anna Nidhiry ◽

Barbara A. De La Cruz ◽

Suzanne E. Mitchell

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Older Adults ◽

Scoping Review ◽

Self Report ◽

Physical Activity Intensity ◽

Middle Aged ◽

Promising Alternative ◽

Activity Intensity

BACKGROUND Incorporating physical activity in lifestyle routines is recommended for individuals living with type 2 diabetes. Accelerometer devices offer a promising alternative to self-report methods for measuring physical activity performance. However, the extant literature for accelerometer-measured physical activity among middle-aged/older adults with chronic conditions is lacking. OBJECTIVE We conducted a comprehensive scoping review of the literature to capture accelerometry methodologies in older adults with type 2 diabetes, specifically in relation to cutpoints that classify physical activity into intensity categories (sedentary, light, moderate, vigorous, very vigorous). METHODS Applying the Joanna Briggs Institute’s methodology, we searched PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE, and Engineering Village to identify studies that used research-grade accelerometers to objectively measure physical activity intensity levels of adults with type 2 diabetes using cutpoints in participant samples of mean age 50 years and older. RESULTS We identified 46 studies that met our inclusion criteria. The ActiGraph was the most popular accelerometer among researchers, and the Freedson (1998) and Troiano (2008) cutpoints were favored the most. The Lopes (2009) cutpoints were developed by calibrating the ActiGraph accelerometer in middle-aged and older adults with overweight/ obesity and type 2 diabetes. Several studies noted limitations of accelerometry use that could lead to an underestimation or inaccurate representation of physical activity for our population of interest. Limitations included decreased accuracy due to variation in device placement and underestimation of activity intensity attributed to using cutpoints in older adults with lower fitness levels that were originally validated with younger adults. CONCLUSIONS Considering the high variability among accelerometry methodologies, more work needs to be done to understand activity intensity cut-offs for populations with a high burden of chronic disease, older age, and suboptimal physical functioning.

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Patterns of Sedentary Behavior among Older Adults in Care Facilities: A Scoping Review

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph18052710 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (5) ◽

pp. 2710

Author(s):

Kin-Chung Wilson Leung ◽

Kim-Wai Raymond Sum ◽

Yi-Jian Yang

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Older Adults ◽

Sedentary Behavior ◽

Scoping Review ◽

Sedentary Time ◽

Care Facility ◽

Sedentary Activity ◽

Levels Of Care ◽

Care Facilities ◽

High Level

Understanding the sedentary patterns can guide the design of strategies to engage older adults in physical activity. This scoping review aimed to synthesize available evidence on sedentary behaviors in care facilities. We searched PubMed/MEDLINE and Web of Science for studies published from inception through October 2020. Eighteen studies were included and reviewed according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Data obtained were analyzed based on levels of care provided. Overall, daily sedentary time was higher among residents in high level care facilities (e.g., nursing homes) (11.6 h/day) than intermediate/mixed level care facilities (e.g., assisted living) (9.5 h/day). In intermediate/mixed level care facilities, television (TV) viewing was the most common sedentary activity (2.5–2.9 h/day; 26% of daily sedentary time), while napping was the most favorite sedentary activity (4.7 h/day; 36% of waking hours) in high level care facilities. Sex differences in daily patterns of sedentary behavior (sedentary time, uninterrupted bouts, and bout durations) were commonly observed in intermediate/mixed level care facilities, as exemplified by men being more sedentary by 0.7–1.1 h/day. In summary, this study highlights distinctive sedentary patterns among older adults residing in different levels of care facilities, addressing a pressing need for customized interventions to engage care facility residents in physical activity.

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A Scoping Review of Falls and Physical Activity among Community-Dwelling Older Adults with Pain

Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation ◽

10.1016/j.apmr.2019.10.162 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 100 (12) ◽

pp. e213

Author(s):

Libbey Bowen ◽

Mari Griffioen

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Older Adults ◽

Scoping Review ◽

Community Dwelling ◽

Community Dwelling Older Adults

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A scoping review of physical activity interventions for older adults

International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity ◽

10.1186/s12966-021-01140-9 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Jennifer Taylor ◽

Sarah Walsh ◽

Wing Kwok ◽

Marina B. Pinheiro ◽

Juliana Souza de Oliveira ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Older Adults ◽

Scoping Review ◽

Professional Education ◽

Well Being ◽

Total Physical Activity ◽

International Classification Of Functioning ◽

Current Evidence ◽

Physical Activity Interventions ◽

Low Middle Income Countries

Abstract Background To inform implementation and future research, this scoping review investigates the volume of evidence for physical activity interventions among adults aged 60+. Our research questions are: (1) what is the evidence regarding interventions designed to increase total physical activity in adults aged 60+ years, in accordance with three of the four strategic objectives of GAPPA (active societies, active environments, active people); (2) what is the current evidence regarding the effectiveness of physical activity programmes and services designed for older adults?; and (3) What are the evidence gaps requiring further research? Methods We searched PEDro, MEDLINE, CINAHL and Cochrane from 1 January 2010 to 1 November 2020 for systematic reviews and meta-analyses of physical activity interventions in adults aged 60+. We identified interventions designed to: (1) increase physical activity; and (2) deliver physical activity programmes and services in home, community or outpatient settings. We extracted and coded data from eligible reviews according to our proposed framework informed by TIDieR, Prevention of Falls Network Europe (PROFANE), and WHO’s International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF). We classified the overall findings as positive, negative or inconclusive. Results We identified 39 reviews of interventions to increase physical activity and 342 reviews of programmes/services for older adults. Interventions were predominantly structured exercise programmes, including balance strength/resistance training, and physical recreation, such as yoga and tai chi. There were few reviews of health promotion/coaching and health professional education/referral, and none of sport, workplace, sociocultural or environmental interventions. Fewer reported outcomes of total physical activity, social participation and quality of life/well-being. We noted insufficient coverage in diverse and disadvantaged samples and low-middle income countries. Conclusions There is a modest but growing volume of evidence regarding interventions designed to increase total physical activity in older adults, although more interventional studies with long term follow-up are needed, particularly for GAPPA 1. Active Societies and GAPPA 2. Active Environments. By comparison, there is abundant evidence for GAPPA 3. specific programmes and services, but coverage of sport and workplace interventions, and diverse samples and settings is lacking. Comprehensive reviews of individual studies are now needed as well as research targeting neglected outcomes, populations and settings.

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Evidence to Improve Physical Activity among Medically Underserved Older adults: A Scoping Review

The Gerontologist ◽

10.1093/geront/gny030 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 59 (4) ◽

pp. e279-e293 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Yi-Ling Hu ◽

Kristin Junge ◽

An Nguyen ◽

Kelsey Hiegel ◽

Emily Somerville ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Older Adults ◽

Scoping Review ◽

Intervention Studies ◽

Included Study ◽

Barriers And Facilitators ◽

Medically Underserved ◽

Cochrane Library ◽

Level Of Evidence ◽

Race Ethnicity

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesParticipation in leisure physical activity (PA) and engagement in PA interventions among older adults is influenced by socioeconomic status (SES), race/ethnicity, and environment. However, studies of PA for medically underserved older adults have not yet been systematically evaluated. The objective of this study is to map the nature and extent of research conducted on PA participation, interventions, and components of effective leisure PA programs for medically underserved older adults.Research Design and MethodsThe five-stage approach was used to conduct this scoping review. We searched PubMed, CINAHL, and Cochrane Library for peer-reviewed studies published between 2006 and 2016. Data extracted from selected studies included study population, study type, purpose of intent, evidence level, barriers to PA participation, and components of PA intervention.ResultsThree hundred and ninety-two articles were identified, and 60 studies were included in the final data charting. Existing literature showed that most studies remained descriptive in nature, and few intervention studies have achieved a high level of evidence. Among 21 intervention studies, only 4 were explicitly conducted for older adults. Culturally adapted materials, race/ethnicity-specific barriers and facilitators, and form of intervention were important components for intervention programs.Discussion and ImplicationsFindings indicate that more studies are needed to reduce health disparities related to PA participation for medically underserved older adults. Intervention components such as race/ethnicity-relevant barriers and facilitators and culturally sensitive materials are also needed for PA interventions targeting underserved older adults in order to provide evidence for best practices.

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Social Interaction and Physical Activity Among Rural Older Adults: A Scoping Review

Journal of Aging and Physical Activity ◽

10.1123/japa.2021-0046 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-15

Author(s):

Laurie L. Schmidt ◽

Shanthi Johnson ◽

M. Rebecca Genoe ◽

Bonnie Jeffery ◽

Jennifer Crawford

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Older Adults ◽

Social Interaction ◽

Rural Communities ◽

Scoping Review ◽

Geographical Location ◽

Social Aspect ◽

The Social ◽

Critical Components ◽

Rural Older Adults

Social interaction and physical activity are critical components in supporting health among older adults, yet rates of activity are low in rural communities. There is significant merit in exploring the relationship between these interrelated concepts. A scoping review was conducted to synthesize existing literature. Search results identified 26 studies meeting inclusion criteria. Findings indicated that social interaction and physical activity were important for many older adults to maintain health; however, not all older adults preferred the social aspect of group-based exercise. Opportunities for physical activity and social interaction were limited based on geographical location and other socioeconomic factors. This was evident in rural communities where populations were lower and education and income levels varied. Differences on the defining role and meaning of physical activity also emerged. Increasing physical activity and social interaction must account for negative associations to address the lower rates of participation among rural older adults.

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