Chronic Disease Self-Management Among Iranian Older Adults: A Scoping Review

2019 ◽  
Vol 39 (8) ◽  
pp. 922-930 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aein Zarrin ◽  
Nima Tourchian ◽  
George A. Heckman
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Chronic Disease ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Self Management ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Self Monitoring ◽  
Care Models ◽  
Language Objectives ◽  
Main Components

Background: Implementing care models that emphasize chronic disease self-management (CDSM) strategies may be an effective approach to the growing prevalence of chronic conditions in Iran. We, therefore, conducted a scoping review on CDSM among older Iranians to identify existing gaps and opportunities to improve chronic disease care. Method: We conducted a search in CINAHL, EMBASE, MEDLINE/PubMed, and Cochrane library. Selected articles were charted based on year of publication, language, objectives, methods, target chronic disease(s), sample demographics, self-management type, and key findings. Results: We selected 73 articles. The main components of CDSM addressed were social support, education, physical activity, nutrition, self-monitoring, spirituality, and financial support. Older Iranians reported low levels of physical activity. Conclusion: Enhancing the quality of CDSM research and provision of coaching to enhance older adults’ social and mental health are among the main strategies to enhance CDSM among the Iranian older population.

scholarly journals Effects of self-management programs on behavioral modification among individuals with chronic disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized trials

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (7) ◽  
pp. e0254995
Author(s):  
Sunju Kim ◽  
Moonkyoung Park ◽  
Rhayun Song
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Chronic Disease ◽  
Stress Management ◽  
Randomized Trials ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Self Management ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Behavioral Modification ◽  
Health Responsibility

The prevalence of chronic disease associated with unhealthy lifestyles has been increasing worldwide. Health professionals have recognized that self-management programs (SMPs) can provide health benefits by promoting health behaviors, especially when applied to individuals with lifestyle-related chronic disease. This review performed a meta-analysis of the features of SMPs using randomized studies and analyzed the magnitude of the combined effects of self-management on behavioral modification. We searched the PubMed, CINAHL, ScienceDirect, SCOPUS, Web of Science, Embase, Cochrane Library, DBpia, and KISS to identify randomized trials that evaluated the behavioral outcomes of SMPs. Subgroup analyses were performed for program duration, providers, type of comparisons, and program settings. We selected 25 studies (N = 5,681) to perform analyses with random-effects models. The effect sizes of SMPs were small but significant for physical activity (standardized difference in means [SDM] = 0.25), dietary habits (SDM = 0.28), and health responsibility (SDM = 0.18), and not significant for stress management and smoking behaviors. A short-term SMPs (less than 12 weeks) was indicated as being effective in modifying physical activity, dietary habits, and health responsibility, while the program effects on dietary habits were significant only with expert-delivered education and when compared with inactive controls. The findings of this study indicate that SMPs can effectively improve physical activity, dietary habits, and health responsibility in individuals with chronic disease, with a small but significant effect size. Future studies should explore the effects of SMPs on stress management and smoking cessation and assess the long-term maintenance of healthy lifestyles in individuals with lifestyle-related chronic disease.

scholarly journals A Systematic Review of Effects of Physical Activity of Family Caregivers of Older Adults With Chronic Disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 395-395
Author(s):  
Dawon Baik ◽  
Jiyoun Song ◽  
Aluem Tark ◽  
Heather Coats ◽  
Catherine Jankowski
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Chronic Disease ◽  
Physical Health ◽  
Family Caregivers ◽  
Psychological Health ◽  
Randomized Clinical Trials ◽  
Cochrane Collaboration ◽  
Cochrane Library

Abstract More than 17 million family caregivers (FCGs) provide care for older adults with chronic illness in the US. Caregiving for older adults with chronic disease places a considerable burden on FCGs and they tend to neglect their personal health. Generally, physical activity (PA) programs benefit the physical and psychological health of FCGs. However, no review of PA randomized clinical trials (RCTs) focused on FCGs of older adults with chronic disease. In this systematic review, we analyzed the most recent trends (2010-2020) in RCTs identifying the effects of PA in this population. This review followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. Electronic databases (PubMed, CINAHL, Embase, PsycInfo, Cochrane Library) were searched for publications dated from 2010 to 2020. All studies included were appraised for quality using the Cochrane Collaboration Risk of Bias Tool. Of the resulting 16 studies, most studies (n=11) targeted FCGs of older adults with dementia or cancer. Most FCGs were non-Hispanic white. PA interventions with mixed modes (e.g., aerobic and resistance exercise), mixed delivery methods (e.g., in-person and telephone) and mixed settings (e.g., supervised gym- and unsupervised home sessions) were used most frequently. PA interventions significantly improved psychological health but had inconsistent effects on physical health. Tailored PA programs, designed based on FCGs’ goals, preferences and limitations, may improve upon physical health outcomes. Future PA studies should include samples of racially and ethnically diverse FCGs of older adults representing a broader range of chronic diseases.

scholarly journals Evidence to Improve Physical Activity among Medically Underserved Older adults: A Scoping Review

2018 ◽  
Vol 59 (4) ◽  
pp. e279-e293 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi-Ling Hu ◽  
Kristin Junge ◽  
An Nguyen ◽  
Kelsey Hiegel ◽  
Emily Somerville ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Intervention Studies ◽  
Included Study ◽  
Barriers And Facilitators ◽  
Medically Underserved ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Race Ethnicity

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesParticipation in leisure physical activity (PA) and engagement in PA interventions among older adults is influenced by socioeconomic status (SES), race/ethnicity, and environment. However, studies of PA for medically underserved older adults have not yet been systematically evaluated. The objective of this study is to map the nature and extent of research conducted on PA participation, interventions, and components of effective leisure PA programs for medically underserved older adults.Research Design and MethodsThe five-stage approach was used to conduct this scoping review. We searched PubMed, CINAHL, and Cochrane Library for peer-reviewed studies published between 2006 and 2016. Data extracted from selected studies included study population, study type, purpose of intent, evidence level, barriers to PA participation, and components of PA intervention.ResultsThree hundred and ninety-two articles were identified, and 60 studies were included in the final data charting. Existing literature showed that most studies remained descriptive in nature, and few intervention studies have achieved a high level of evidence. Among 21 intervention studies, only 4 were explicitly conducted for older adults. Culturally adapted materials, race/ethnicity-specific barriers and facilitators, and form of intervention were important components for intervention programs.Discussion and ImplicationsFindings indicate that more studies are needed to reduce health disparities related to PA participation for medically underserved older adults. Intervention components such as race/ethnicity-relevant barriers and facilitators and culturally sensitive materials are also needed for PA interventions targeting underserved older adults in order to provide evidence for best practices.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of Tai Chi for Health Promotion of Older Adults: A Scoping Review of Meta-Analyses

2021 ◽  
pp. 155982762110012
Author(s):  
Fei-Chi Yang ◽  
Aishwarya B. Desai ◽  
Pelareh Esfahani ◽  
Tatiana V. Sokolovskaya ◽  
Doreen J. Bartlett
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Health Promotion ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
General Health ◽  
Tai Chi ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Meta Analyses

Background. Tai Chi is a form of exercise that is accessible to people from different socioeconomic backgrounds, making it a potentially valuable activity for health promotion of older adults. Purpose. The objective of this scoping review was to summarize the current knowledge about the effectiveness of Tai Chi for older adults across a range of general health outcomes from published, peer reviewed, unique meta-analyses. Methods. Meta-analyses were retrieved from Medline, Embase, AMED, CINAHL, SPORTDiscus, PsychINFO, Web of Science, PubMed Health, and the Cochrane Library from database inception to late August 2019. Multistage deduplication and screening processes identified eligible full-length meta-analyses. Two people independently appraised 27 meta-analyses based on the GRADE system and organized results into 3 appendices subsequently collated into heterogeneous, statistically significant, and statistically insignificant tables. Results. “High” and “moderate” quality evidence extracted from these meta-analyses demonstrated that practicing Tai Chi can significantly improve balance, cardiorespiratory fitness, cognition, mobility, proprioception, sleep, and strength; reduce the incidence of falls and nonfatal stroke; and decrease stroke risk factors. Conclusions. Health care providers can now recommend Tai Chi with high level of certainty for health promotion of older adults across a range of general health outcomes for improvement of overall well-being.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of an eHealth self-management tool for older adults with multimorbidity (KeepWell): protocol for a hybrid effectiveness–implementation randomised controlled trial

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. e048350
Author(s):  
Monika Kastner ◽  
Julie Makarski ◽  
Leigh Hayden ◽  
Jemila S Hamid ◽  
Jayna Holroyd-Leduc ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Chronic Disease ◽  
Randomised Controlled Trial ◽  
Disease Management ◽  
Chronic Conditions ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Management Tool ◽  
Self Management ◽  
Plain Language ◽  
Randomised Controlled

IntroductionIn response to the burden of chronic disease among older adults, different chronic disease self-management tools have been created to optimise disease management. However, these seldom consider all aspects of disease management are not usually developed specifically for seniors or created for sustained use and are primarily focused on a single disease. We created an eHealth self-management application called ‘KeepWell’ that supports seniors with complex care needs in their homes. It incorporates the care for two or more chronic conditions from among the most prevalent high-burden chronic diseases.Methods and analysisWe will evaluate the effectiveness, cost and uptake of KeepWell in a 6-month, pragmatic, hybrid effectiveness–implementation randomised controlled trial. Older adults age ≥65 years with one or more chronic conditions who are English speaking are able to consent and have access to a computer or tablet device, internet and an email address will be eligible. All consenting participants will be randomly assigned to KeepWell or control. The allocation sequence will be determined using a random number generator.Primary outcome is perceived self-efficacy at 6 months. Secondary outcomes include quality of life, health background/status, lifestyle (nutrition, physical activity, caffeine, alcohol, smoking and bladder health), social engagement and connections, eHealth literacy; all collected via a Health Risk Questionnaire embedded within KeepWell (intervention) or a survey platform (control). Implementation outcomes will include reach, effectiveness, adoption, fidelity, implementation cost and sustainability.Ethics and disseminationEthics approval has been received from the North York General Hospital Research and Ethics Board. The study is funded by the Canadian Institutes of Health Research and the Ontario Ministry of Health. We will work with our team to develop a dissemination strategy which will include publications, presentations, plain language summaries and an end-of-grant meeting.Trial registration numberNCT04437238.

scholarly journals The Situated Influence of Chronic Pain Perception on Chinese Older Adults’ Self-Management in Home Care

Geriatrics ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 64
Author(s):  
Fang Liu ◽  
Min Tong
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Chronic Pain ◽  
Chronic Disease ◽  
Pain Perception ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Self Management ◽  
Chinese Older Adults ◽  
Care Experience ◽  
Management Capacity ◽  
Important Others

Background and objective: Worldwide, 26 million older adults die from chronic disease, and chronic pain is typically a part of the experience of chronic disease. This study explores the perception of chronic pain for home-dwelling Chinese older adults and its influence on (1) self-management ability and (2) management and reduction of chronic pain. Methods: Adopting a qualitative study design, we conducted in-depth interviews with 10 Chinese community-dwelling older adults who experience chronic pain. Half of our informants perceive chronic pain, whereas the other half, diagnosed with Alzheimer’s disease, do not report that they perceive chronic pain. Data were analyzed with inductive thematic analysis. Results: Chronic pain perception plays important roles in (1) defining the challenge of self-management, (2) connecting previous caretaking experience, (3) adjusting the identity of self-management, (4) acquiring support from important others and (5) re-planning self-management arrangements. Conclusion: Pain perception helps to motivate Chinese older adults to face health challenges and regain self-management capacity through adjustments in self-identity and care experience with the support of important others. Pain perception can consolidate the situation of independent living of older adults. It helps to motivate Chinese older adults to face health challenges and regain self-management capacity.

Implementation and evaluation of the chronic-disease self-management program among Chinese immigrant older adults in the U.S.

2014 ◽  
Vol 35 (6) ◽  
pp. 448-450 ◽  
Author(s):  
XiaoRong Wang ◽  
Heather K. Hardin ◽  
Lei Zhou ◽  
Lei Fang ◽  
Pan Shi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Chronic Disease ◽  
Management Program ◽  
Self Management ◽  
Chinese Immigrant ◽  
The U.S

scholarly journals Impact of a Wearable Device-Based Walking Programs in Rural Older Adults on Physical Activity and Health Outcomes: Cohort Study (Preprint)

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Il-Young Jang ◽  
Hae Reong Kim ◽  
Eunju Lee ◽  
Hee-Won Jung ◽  
Hyelim Park ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Wearable Devices ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Wearable Device ◽  
Self Management ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults

BACKGROUND Community-dwelling older adults living in rural areas are in a less favorable environment for health care compared with urban older adults. We believe that intermittent coaching through wearable devices can help optimize health care for older adults in medically limited environments. OBJECTIVE We aimed to evaluate whether a wearable device and mobile-based intermittent coaching or self-management could increase physical activity and health outcomes of small groups of older adults in rural areas. METHODS To address the above evaluation goal, we carried out the “Smart Walk” program, a health care model wherein a wearable device is used to promote self-exercise particularly among community-dwelling older adults managed by a community health center. We randomly selected older adults who had enrolled in a population-based, prospective cohort study of aging, the Aging Study of Pyeongchang Rural Area. The “Smart Walk” program was a 13-month program conducted from March 2017 to March 2018 and included 6 months of coaching, 1 month of rest, and 6 months of self-management. We evaluated differences in physical activity and health outcomes according to frailty status and conducted pre- and postanalyses of the Smart Walk program. We also performed intergroup analysis according to adherence of wearable devices. RESULTS We recruited 22 participants (11 robust and 11 prefrail older adults). The two groups were similar in most of the variables, except for age, frailty index, and Short Physical Performance Battery score associated with frailty criteria. After a 6-month coaching program, the prefrail group showed significant improvement in usual gait speed (mean 0.73 [SD 0.11] vs mean 0.96 [SD 0.27], P=.02), International Physical Activity Questionnaire scores in kcal (mean 2790.36 [SD 2224.62] vs mean 7589.72 [SD 4452.52], P=.01), and European Quality of Life-5 Dimensions score (mean 0.84 [SD 0.07] vs mean 0.90 [SD 0.07], P=.02), although no significant improvement was found in the robust group. The average total step count was significantly different and was approximately four times higher in the coaching period than in the self-management period (5,584,295.83 vs 1,289,084.66, P<.001). We found that participants in the “long-self” group who used the wearable device for the longest time showed increased body weight and body mass index by mean 0.65 (SD 1.317) and mean 0.097 (SD 0.513), respectively, compared with the other groups. CONCLUSIONS Our “Smart Walk” program improved physical fitness, anthropometric measurements, and geriatric assessment categories in a small group of older adults in rural areas with limited resources for monitoring. Further validation through various rural public health centers and in a large number of rural older adults is required.

scholarly journals Web 2.0 Chronic Disease Self-Management for Older Adults: A Systematic Review

2013 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. e35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Stellefson ◽  
Beth Chaney ◽  
Adam E Barry ◽  
Enmanuel Chavarria ◽  
Bethany Tennant ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Chronic Disease ◽  
Web 2.0 ◽  
Self Management

Facilitators of Attendance and Adherence to Group-Based Physical Activity for Older Adults: A Literature Synthesis

2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 155-167 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cassandra J. de Lacy-Vawdon ◽  
Ruth Klein ◽  
Joanna Schwarzman ◽  
Genevieve Nolan ◽  
Renee de Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Social Factors ◽  
Best Practice ◽  
Qualitative Studies ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Literature Synthesis ◽  
Instructor Characteristics ◽  
The Cochrane Library

This review examines program features that influence attendance and adherence to group-based physical activity (PA) by older adults. Medline, PubMed, CINAHL plus, PsycINFO, and the Cochrane Library were searched for studies published from 1995–2016. Quantitative and qualitative studies investigating factors related to PA group attendance or adherence by persons aged 55 years and over were included. Searching yielded eight quantitative and 13 qualitative studies, from 2,044 titles. Quantitative findings identified social factors, instructor characteristics, PA types, class duration and frequency, and perceived PA outcomes as important for attendance and adherence, whilst qualitative studies identified settings, leadership, PA types, observable benefits, and social support factors. Studies were predominantly low- to moderate-quality. This review identified design and delivery considerations for group-based PA programs to inform best-practice frameworks and industry capacity building. Future research should use longitudinal and mixed-methods designs to strengthen evidence about facilitators of program reach and engagement.

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