Extending the Reno Model: Responsible Gambling Evaluation Guidelines for Gambling Operators, Public Policymakers, and Regulators

2016 ◽  
Vol 20 (7) ◽  
pp. 580-586 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Ladouceur ◽  
Alex Blaszczynski ◽  
Howard J. Shaffer ◽  
Davis Fong
Keyword(s):  
Responsible Gambling ◽  
Reno Model ◽  
Gambling Operators

A Gambling Lawyers’ Perspective on Responsible Gambling

2019 ◽  
pp. 273-298
Author(s):  
Simon Planzer ◽  
Martin Lycka
Keyword(s):  
Responsible Gambling ◽  
Duty Of Care ◽  
Reno Model ◽  
Behavioral Studies ◽  
Legal Perspective ◽  
Gambling Operators ◽  
Concept Theory ◽  
Regulatory Practice ◽  
Practical Implications ◽  
Normative Perspective

From the backgrounds of an external counsel and an in-house lawyer, this chapter offers a legal perspective on responsible gambling (RG). The primary tool of lawyers is law and not empirical sciences. Accordingly, these legal scholars explain how their normative perspective differs from other scholarly perspectives and how it affects the concept, theory, and objectives of RG. These stakeholders describe aspects that hamper the effectiveness of RG policies, such as hidden agendas and RG rules that are not empirically based. They then revisit the Reno Model, comparing its strengths and weaknesses; they observe alternative models of regulatory practice. The analytical exercise feeds into discussions of the legal and practical implications of the RG rules, in particular as regards the scope of duty of care and the compliance burden of regulated gambling operators. The authors make suggestions on how to improve RG programs and the Reno Model itself, using insights from behavioral studies and promoting bottom up-initiatives.

scholarly journals The Effects of Responsible Gambling Pop-Up Messages on Gambling Behaviors and Cognitions: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin Bjørseth ◽  
Josefine Oudmayer Simensen ◽  
Aina Bjørnethun ◽  
Mark D. Griffiths ◽  
Eilin K. Erevik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Responsible Gambling ◽  
Gambling Behavior ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Behavioral Measures ◽  
Gambling Cognitions ◽  
Study Heterogeneity ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Gambling Operators ◽  
The Cochrane Library

Pop-up messages utilized by gambling operators are normally presented to gamblers during gambling sessions in order to prevent excessive gambling and/or to help in the appraisal of maladaptive gambling cognitions. However, the effect of such messages on gambling behavior and gambling cognitions has not previously been synthesized quantitatively. Consequently, a meta-analysis estimating the efficacy of pop-up messages on gambling behavior and cognitions was conducted. A systematic literature search with no time constraints was performed on Web of Science, PsychInfo, Medline, PsychNET, and the Cochrane Library. Search terms included “gambling,” “pop-up,” “reminder,” “warning message,” and “dynamic message.” Studies based on randomized controlled trials, quasi-experimental designs and pre-post studies reporting both pre- and post-pop-up data were included. Two authors independently extracted data using pre-defined fields including quality assessment. A total of 18 studies were included and data were synthesized using a random effects model estimating Hedges' g. The effects of pop-ups were g = 0.413 for cognitive measures (95% CI = 0.115–0.707) and g = 0.505 for behavioral measures (95% CI = 0.256–0.746). For both outcomes there was significant between-study heterogeneity which could not be explained by setting (laboratory vs. naturalistic) or sample (gambler vs. non-gamblers). It is concluded that pop-up messages provide moderate effects on gambling behavior and cognitions in the short-term and that such messages play an important role in the gambling operators' portfolio of responsible gambling tools.

Responsible Gambling

2019 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Responsible Gambling ◽  
Diverse Group ◽  
International Group ◽  
Reno Model ◽  
Key Stakeholders ◽  
Narrow View ◽  
The World ◽  
Gambling Activities ◽  
General Community

This volume reflects the perspectives of a diverse group of primary stakeholders interested in responsible gambling activities and programs. It also marks a watershed moment in the activities of the International Group on Responsible Gambling. The Reno Model, introduced by Blaszczynski, Ladouceur, and Shaffer in 2004, has provided the seminal architecture for understanding, creating, and implementing responsible gambling activities and programs. This model stimulated considerable interest and growth of responsible gambling activities around the world. This development contributed to the establishment of the editors’ international working group on responsible gambling—and the need to bring together a variety of divergent perspectives associated with responsible gambling. Stakeholders often overlook these viewpoints, protect a narrow view of responsible gambling, and avoid the scientific evidence associated with responsible gambling. Consequently, the primary purpose of this book is to discuss and formulate guidelines, elaborate principles, and stimulate discussion related to responsible gambling policies and activities. In addition, this book emphasizes the continuing need to empirically evaluate the efficacy, reach, and influence of responsible gambling activities. The contents of this volume represent the viewpoints of key stakeholders who are vested with the obligation to minimize harm and protect consumers (e.g., regulators, governments, academics, clinicians, individuals, gamblers, and the general community). This first-of-its-kind book provides an overall summary of the respective viewpoints, insights, and critical but constructive suggestions relevant to advancing the aims and objectives of responsible gambling.

Responsible Gambling and Its Stakeholders

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-32
Author(s):  
Howard J. Shaffer ◽  
Alexander Blaszczynski ◽  
Robert Ladouceur ◽  
Peter Collins ◽  
Davis Fong
Keyword(s):  
Working Group ◽  
Responsible Gambling ◽  
International Group ◽  
International Working Group ◽  
Reno Model ◽  
Scholarly Publications ◽  
Key Stakeholders ◽  
The World ◽  
Gambling Activities ◽  
General Community

Robert Ladouceur and Alex Blaszczynski convened this working group and established the early agenda and direction for the International Group on Responsible Gambling and our scholarly publications. The Reno Model provided the seminal architecture for understanding, creating, and implementing responsible gambling activities and programs. This model stimulated considerable growth and interest in responsible gambling activities around the world. From this growth, the authors’ international working group on responsible gambling emerged. The primary purpose of this group and this book is to discuss and formulate guidelines, elaborate principles, and stimulate discussion related to responsible gambling policies and their evaluation. The group considered the views of a variety of key stakeholders who are obligated to minimize harm and protect consumers, such as regulators, governments, academics, clinicians, individuals, gamblers, and the general community). This chapter provides an overview about their viewpoints and insights about responsible gambling.

scholarly journals On the efficiency of Nordic state-controlled gambling companies

2020 ◽  
pp. 145507252096802
Author(s):  
Janne Nikkinen ◽  
Virve Marionneau
Keyword(s):  
Money Laundering ◽  
Financial Reporting ◽  
Responsible Gambling ◽  
Gambling Problems ◽  
Total Consumption ◽  
Institutional Frameworks ◽  
Controlled Gambling ◽  
Gambling Operators ◽  
Harm Prevention ◽  
Respective Product

Aims: This article assesses the efficiency of six Nordic state-controlled gambling companies in raising revenue for their host societies, and the terms under which they operate. Finland, Sweden, Denmark and Norway have established gambling monopolies on the grounds that they help to prevent fraud and money laundering, and channel proceeds to their host societies. Within the last decade, Denmark (2012) and Sweden (2019) have opened substantial parts of their gambling markets to competition, whereas Finland and Norway continue to uphold monopolies. Design: The analysis is based on publicly disclosed income statements and financial reporting concerning Nordic gambling operators for the year 2017. We calculated how much they contribute to societies, what are the costs, and how these figures compare among the companies. Results: We found that Veikkaus raises the highest amounts of surplus to society both in absolute terms and in relative numbers, and that, overall, the companies vary in efficiency. We discuss the reasons for these differences, focusing on their respective product portfolios, institutional frameworks and competitive market positions. Conclusions: The results problematise the measurement of efficiency in gambling companies in monetary terms. Efficiency depends on high total consumption with little regard to the principles of responsible gambling and the prevention of gambling problems. Nordic countries have a strong commitment to the protection of health, but in the case of gambling, protecting the monopoly seems to outweigh harm prevention.

scholarly journals Testing a gambling warning label’s effect on behavior

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip Warren Stirling Newall ◽  
Lukasz Walasek ◽  
Henrik Singmann ◽  
Elliot Andrew Ludvig
Keyword(s):  
Responsible Gambling ◽  
Gambling Behavior ◽  
Sports Betting ◽  
Online Gambling ◽  
Warning Label ◽  
Premier League ◽  
Independent Test ◽  
Gambling Operators ◽  
Soccer Fans ◽  
Online Sports Betting

Responsible gambling campaigns are one measure enacted by a number of statutory bodies and gambling operators in response to concerns about gambling marketing and the accessibility of modern gambling products. For example, since 2015 a number of the UK‘s largest gambling operators have attached the following warning label to TV and shop window adverts: "when the FUN stops, stop" (where the word "fun" is printed in noticeably larger font than any other word). Here we present an initial independent test of this warning label‘s effect on contemporaneous gambling behavior. A short incentivized survey was conducted to mimic the scenario of online gambling advertising, with warning label presence manipulated between-participants. Participants were given a sequence of nine £0.10 bonuses, and on each trial were presented with the possibility to gamble this bonus on a soccer bet, with bet details and payoffs taken from a major gambling operator‘s website. There were 506 unique participants who had all previously indicated that they were Premier League soccer fans and had experience in online sports betting. Overall, participants decided to bet on 41.3% of trials when a warning label was shown, compared to 37.8% when no warning label shown (i.e., descriptively the label increases the probability of gambling). According to the preregistered analysis plan, this difference was not significant, (χ^2 (1)=2.10, p=.15) The "when the FUN stops, stop" gambling warning label did not achieve its aim of prompting more responsible gambling behavior in the experiment.

Responsible Gambling

2019 ◽  
pp. 181-208 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joachim Haeusler
Keyword(s):  
Risk Management ◽  
Responsible Gambling ◽  
Final Decision ◽  
Full Responsibility ◽  
Self Harm ◽  
Gambling Operators ◽  
Available Information ◽  
Responsible Gambling Strategy ◽  
Gambling Activities

This stakeholder suggests that any interaction with existing, prospective, or former customers falls within the scope of responsible gambling. The responsible gambling strategy determines how responsibility is shared between customers and gambling operators and assigns to the customer adequate intervention options based on the entirety of available information on his or her ability to make responsible decisions. The author argues that responsible gambling activities should aim to intervene as early as possible and as little as necessary, leaving as much responsibility with the consumer as viable. Eventually, operators cannot—in some cases—avoid accepting the full responsibility and must impose restrictions even against the volition of the consumer. Even though the customer might have the final decision on whether and to what extent to gamble, operators have the final decision—based on their own risk-management and well-documented observations—whether to continue serving the customer to avoid taking part in continued self-harm. This process must, however, be conducted in a transparent and nondiscriminatory manner.

The Status of Responsible Gaming

2019 ◽  
pp. 245-272 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen P. Crosby ◽  
Mark Vander Linden
Keyword(s):  
Research Agenda ◽  
Research Funding ◽  
Responsible Gambling ◽  
Promising Practices ◽  
Reno Model ◽  
The Us ◽  
The Status ◽  
Model Programs ◽  
Gambling Policy ◽  
Responsible Gaming

The authors, two senior policymakers at the Massachusetts Gaming Commission, trace the development of responsible gambling policy in Massachusetts, from its enabling legislation and the seminal Reno Model, to the expansive and comprehensive program that is in place in Massachusetts today. The “Massachusetts model” included three important directions: (1) Look beyond the US borders for model programs that would closely align with the expectations in Massachusetts; (2) Adopt new and promising practices and emerging technology with a precautionary approach, but leverage research funding to closely evaluate their effectiveness; and (3) Implement an enduring and comprehensive research agenda that feeds data-driven strategies to advance responsible gambling and mitigate problem gambling. In this chapter the authors discuss issues related to responsible gambling programs nationally and internationally. They offer a critical reflection about the sufficiency of the Reno Model, which remains widely perceived as the preeminent responsible gaming program standard, and provide recommendations for what constitutes a minimum responsible gambling program.

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