Deinstitutionalization in Macro Practice

The deinstitutionalization policy sought to replace institutional care for populations in need of care and control with prosocial community-based alternatives. U.S. institutional populations, however, have increased since the policy’s inception by 205%. As implemented, with the assistance of advocacy and cost-cutting factions, it has succeeded only in enabling the divestiture of state responsibility for target groups. It sought to prevent unnecessary admission and retention in institutions. As implemented, deinstitutionalization initiated a process that involved a societal shift in the type of institutions and institutional alternatives used to house its target groups, often referred to as trans-institutionalization. For many in need of institutional placements, it has succeeded in preventing all admissions, expanding admissions for others. In seeking to develop community alternatives for housing, treating, and habilitating or rehabilitating its target groups, it has succeeded in establishing a variety of alternative living arrangements and showcase and model programs illustrating what can be done; yet, it has failed to deliver on investments in such programs to serve the majority of its target groups. It has resulted in the abandonment of substantial numbers to homelessness. It has been documented, from political, economic, legal, and social perspectives, how this policy has affected the care and control of populations such as older adults, children, people with mental illness or developmental disabilities, people under correctional-system supervision, and, more recently, individuals without a home. Suggestions for a truer implementation of deinstitutionalization’s initial aspirations are available.

Workplace Support for Employees in Recovery From Opioid Use: Stakeholder Perspectives

The dual challenges of COVID-19 and the opioid epidemic have heightened the need of Maryland workplaces for accessible resources and supports. This paper describes efforts of the Workplace PROSPER (Partnering to Reduce Opioid Stigma and Support Employment in Recovery) project team to explore opioid-related state employment needs from Key Stakeholder perspectives. Discussion revealed significant overlap between the needs identified by stakeholders and pre-existing recovery friendly initiatives in other states. However, this convening identified the need for increased training of medical professionals in communicating about work capacity and safety as well as for resources to support family members of individuals with Opioid Use Disorder and model programs for hiring individuals in recovery. Next steps include the creation and dissemination of a survey to obtain a broader base of feedback and the development of a robust set of online recovery resources for Maryland employers and employees.

Prospects of Shotcrete Shaft Lining for Underground Sustainable Mining

Investment in underground mining is coming down all over the world, but deep reserves are available for extraction. Conventional sinking and lining of mine shaft projets or pits for winding men and materials from deep underground mines are getting very costly and being deferred. We found Polish technology of Shaft sinking with monolithic mining very efficient in Sudamdih, Monidih and Satgram projects in India. Russian collaboration for Jhanjra for shaft sinking and mine construction for large mine has been successful. Underground production is declining world over, while remaining reserves are at greater depths. Designing and coding original model programs by collecting actual field data to run the programs to determine cost benefit at different depths with standard diameters has been done. Most companies are avoiding deep mining projects, because of exorbitant cost of shaft sinking. As per experience of the researcher, pre-split blasting and shotcrete lining can be much faster and cheaper. So model programs have been designed and run with practical field cost and technical data, as exemplified in this paper. Future of deep pit mining will be assured with successful adoption of the method in projects, especially through hard rock strata

MATERIAL MODELS AT RESEARCH OF WAVE DEFORMATION STRENGTHENING THROUGH FINITE ELEMENT METHOD

The problem of necessity in the development of loading environment models (materials processed) which has great importance at the finite element simulation of basic processes (technologies) is considered. As a rule, material model programs embedded into CAE cannot be used completely in the computations because of their limited set of physical-mechanical properties, most often insufficient for the adequate simulation of the process under investigation. By the example of the technology of wave deformation strengthening taking into account its peculiarities in the paper for the first time there are developed material models: steel45, BrAZh9-4; VT1-0; B-95 and the estimation of their adequacy is carried out. The creation of each model of material is a unique process and implies not only the pattern completion with data from reference books, but also with data obtained as a result of the fulfillment of corresponding experimental investigations of properties peculiar to material under working. As a result there are developed adequate models of materials having an admissible error (not exceeding 7.4%) for micro-hardness and depth of surface layer strengthening that allows recommending their use at the investigation of wave deformation strengthening through a finite element method.

A Blueprint for Productive Maintenance of Certification, But Is the American Board of Internal Medicine up to the Challenge?

The future of the American Board of Internal Medicine Maintenance of Certification (MOC) program is at a crossroads. The current MOC program lacks a clear visible mission, adds to modern health care’s onerous bureaucracy, and thus pulls physicians from the most important humanistic aspects of their profession. The aim of the MOC program should be to promote the best patient care by ensuring certified physicians maintain core skills through continuous education and evaluation. The program should focus on education and be designed with the rigorous obligations of practicing physicians in mind. Moving forward, the American Board of Internal Medicine should cocreate MOC with the physician community and apply innovative adult education techniques. Over time, data-driven methods and member feedback should be used to provide continuous program improvement. This review describes the origins of the current state of MOC, explores its evidence base, provides examples of model programs for the maintenance of complex professional skills, and outlines guiding principles for the future of MOC.

Escaping the Ellipsis of Diversity: Insider Activists’ Use of Implementation Resources to Influence Organization Policy

Researchers have explored in depth how social movement actors strive to pass laws to change organizations exogenously or to demand that they make commitments or policy changes. But ensuring that organizations implement such commitments or policies is challenging. Insider activists may be influential for implementation processes, and I explore how they can increase that influence. I contend that insider activists influence such processes by offering their organizations implementation resources, such as free and ready-to-use content and model programs that reflect changes the activists want to see. To develop this argument, I explore how, starting in the mid-2000s, LGBT activists developed resources to ensure that diversity policies were increasingly relevant for sexual minorities in France. Many diversity policies at the time expressed commitment to “gender, disability, age . . .” Activists contended that nothing was done for the minorities who were not named—those left in the ellipsis (. . .) of diversity. Using web archives and interviews, I show that LGBT rights activists increased their influence on French organizations by developing implementation resources that corporations could readily use to flesh out their diversity commitments and implement diversity programs to promote the inclusion of LGBT employees. I demonstrate how insider activists used these implementation resources to denounce organizations’ superficial commitments or employees’ homophobic practices, thereby compelling organizations to change.

Analysis of the stressed-deformed condition of the bearing installed

Introduction. The article considers the calculation of the strength of a bearing mounted on the connecting rod of a jaw crusher, taking into account all workloads. ISSN 0536-1028 «Известия вузов. Горный журнал», № 3, 2020 117 Object problems. When creating particularly large machines and systems, in the case of their 3D-modeling and detailed study, we are faced with an increased load on the central processor of the computer, as well as on the graphics and RAM modules, which leads to a significant slowdown in the design process and calculations particular. Research aim is to consider the task of selecting a simpler and "easier" for the calculation model programs, not difficult to parameterize, compared with the original bearing model, but providing accuracy in the calculation in an acceptable range of errors. The research also aims to analyze the stress-strain state of the bearing assembly. The main methods. In the calculations, the finite element method was used. Specialized software package APM WinMachine was also used. Computing experiment conducted. Conclusions. The results of a computational experiment satisfy the requirements and can be used to solve further problems of designing bearing assemblies. In the future, a parameter-dependent model can be created to facilitate the calculation using any type of bearing