Antimicrobial Susceptibility and Clonal Relationship of Tetracycline Resistance Genes in netF-Positive Clostridium perfringens

AbstractAcinetobacter baumannii, as a nosocomial pathogen has become a worldwide concern in recent years. In the current study, the resistance to tetracyclines and colistin were assessed in the isolates from different provinces of Iran.During the timeline of this study, a number of 270 isolates of A. baumannii were collected from tracheal aspirates, wounds, urine and blood cultures. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) for tetracycline, doxycycline, minocycline, tigecycline and colistin were evaluated. Tetracycline resistance genes were assessed by PCR. The mean expression level of adeB, adeJ and adeG were assessed using semi quantitative Real-Time PCR. The clonal relationship of the isolates was evaluated by the repetitive extragenic palindromic PCR (REP-PCR), International Clonal (IC) Lineage Multiplex PCR and multilocus sequence typing (MLST) (Pasteur scheme) methods.The MIC by microdilution method showed that 87.5, 51.4, 28, 0.74 and 0% of the isolates were resistant to tetracycline, doxycycline, minocycline, tigecycline and colistin respectively. The prevalence of tetracycline resistance genes was 99.2, 99.2, 98, 86.7, 10, 3.33, 0.37, 0% for adeB, adeJ, adeG, tetB, tetA(39), tetA, tetM and tetH in tetracycline-resistant isolates. Moreover, the expression level of adeB, adeJ, adeG genes in tigecycline-nonsusceptible A. baumannii (TNAB) strain was higher compared to the tigecycline-susceptible A. baumannii (TSAB). A broad genomic diversity was revealed, but ST2 was the most prevalent ST. Our results indicated that tetracycline resistance in Iran is mediated by resistance-nodulation-cell division (RND) and tetB efflux pumps.

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Antimicrobial Resistance Genes in Porcine Pasteurella multocida Are Not Associated with Its Antimicrobial Susceptibility Pattern

Antibiotics ◽

10.3390/antibiotics9090614 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (9) ◽

pp. 614

Author(s):

Máximo Petrocchi-Rilo ◽

César-B. Gutiérrez-Martín ◽

Esther Pérez-Fernández ◽

Anna Vilaró ◽

Lorenzo Fraile ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Resistance Genes ◽

Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽

Pasteurella Multocida ◽

Antimicrobial Agents ◽

Tetracycline Resistance ◽

Susceptibility Pattern ◽

Antimicrobial Susceptibility Pattern ◽

Tetracycline Resistance Genes ◽

Antimicrobial Resistance Genes ◽

Western Spain

Forty-eight Pasteurella multocida isolates were recovered from porcine pneumonic lungs collected from farms in “Castilla y León” (north-western Spain) in 2017–2019. These isolates were characterized for their minimal inhibition concentrations to twelve antimicrobial agents and for the appearance of eight resistance genes: tetA, tetB, blaROB1, blaTEM, ermA, ermC, mphE and msrE. Relevant resistance percentages were shown against tetracyclines (52.1% for doxycycline, 68.7% for oxytetracycline), sulphamethoxazole/trimethoprim (43.7%) and tiamulin (25.0%), thus suggesting that P. multocida isolates were mostly susceptible to amoxicillin, ceftiofur, enrofloxacin, florfenicol, marbofloxacin and macrolides. Overall, 29.2% of isolates were resistant to more than two antimicrobials. The tetracycline resistance genes (tetA and tetB) were detected in 22.9% of the isolates, but none were positive to both simultaneously; blaROB1 and blaTEM genes were found in one third of isolates but both genes were detected simultaneously in only one isolate. The ermC gene was observed in 41.7% of isolates, a percentage that decreased to 22.9% for msrE; finally, ermA was harbored by 16.7% and mphE was not found in any of them. Six clusters were established based on hierarchical clustering analysis on antimicrobial susceptibility for the twelve antimicrobials. Generally, it was unable to foresee the antimicrobial susceptibility pattern for each family and the association of each particular isolate inside the clusters established from the presence or absence of the resistance genes analyzed.

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Antimicrobial Resistance Genes in Porcine Pasteurella Multocida are not Associated with its Antimicrobial Susceptibility Pattern

10.20944/preprints202009.0089.v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Máximo Patrocchi-Rilo ◽

César-B. Gutiérrez-Martín ◽

Esther Pérez-Fernández ◽

Anna Vilaró ◽

Lorenzo Fraile ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Resistance Genes ◽

Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽

Clustering Analysis ◽

Pasteurella Multocida ◽

Antimicrobial Agents ◽

Tetracycline Resistance ◽

Susceptibility Pattern ◽

Antimicrobial Susceptibility Pattern ◽

Tetracycline Resistance Genes ◽

Antimicrobial Resistance Genes

Forty-eight Pasteurella multocida isolates were recovered from porcine pneumonic lungs collected in Norwestern Spain (2017- 2019). These isolates were characterized for their minimal inhibition concentrations to twelve antimicrobial agents and for the appearance of eight resistance genes: tetA, tetB, blaROB1, blaTEM, ermA, ermC, mphE and msrE. Relevant resistance percentages were shown to teracyclines, sulphamethoxazole/trimethoprim and tiamulin, thus suggesting that P. multocida isolates were mostly susceptible to amoxicillin, ceftiofur, enrofloxacin, florfenicol, marbofloxacin and macrolides. 29.2% of isolates were resistant to more than two antimicrobials. The tetracycline resistance genes (tetA and tetB) were detected in 22.9% of the isolates, but none was positive to both simultaneously; blaROB1 and blaTEM genes were found in one third of isolates but both genes were detected simultaneously in only one isolate. ermC gene was observed in 41.7% of isolates, a percentage that decreased until 22.9% for msrE; finally, ermA was harboured by 16.7% and mphE was not found in any of them. Six clusters were established based on hierarchical clustering analysis on antimicrobial susceptibility for the twelve antimicrobials. Generally, it was unable to foresee the antimicrobial susceptibility pattern for each family and the association of each particular isolate inside the clusters established from the presence or absence of the resistance genes analyzed.

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Comparative Genome Analysis Reveals Important Genetic Factors Associated with Probiotic Property inEnterococcus faeciumstrains

10.1101/295881 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Vikas C. Ghattargi ◽

Meghana A. Gaikwad ◽

Bharati S. Meti ◽

Yogesh S. Nimonkar ◽

Kunal Dixit ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Resistance Genes ◽

Genome Analysis ◽

Evolutionary Relationship ◽

Tetracycline Resistance ◽

Probiotic Strain ◽

Tetracycline Resistance Genes ◽

Phenotypic Complexity ◽

Genetic Features ◽

Intrinsic Drug Resistance ◽

Relationship Of

ABSTRACTEnterococcus faeciumthough commensals in human gut, few strains provide beneficial effect to humans as probiotics, few are responsible for nosocomial infection and few as non-pathogens. Comparative genomics ofE. faeciumwill help to reveal the genomic differences responsible for the said properties. In this study, we comparedE. faeciumstrain 17OM39 with a marketed probiotic, non-pathogenic non-probiotic (NPNP) and pathogenic strains. The core genome analysis revealed, 17OM39 was closely related with marketed probiotic strain T110. Strain 17OM39 was found to be devoid of known vancomycin, tetracycline resistance genes and functional virulence genes. Moreover, 17OM39 is „less open‟ due to absence of frequently found transposable elements. Genes imparting beneficial functional properties were observed to be present in marketed probiotic T110 and 17OM39 strains. Additional, genes associated with colonization within gastrointestinal tract were detected across all the strains. Beyond shared genetic features; this study particularly identified genes that are responsible to impart probiotic, non-pathogenic and pathogenic features to the strains ofE. faecium.The study also provides insights into the acquired and intrinsic drug resistance genes, which will be helpful for better understanding of the physiology of antibiotic resistance inE. faeciumstrains. In addition, we could identify genes contributing to the intrinsic ability of 17OM39E. faeciumisolate to be a potential probiotic.The study has comprehensively characterized genome sequence of each strain to find the genetic variation and understand effects of these on functionality, phenotypic complexity. Further the evolutionary relationship of species along with adaptation strategies have been including in this study.

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Cloning of tetracycline-resistance genes from various strains of Clostridium perfringens and expression in Escherichia coli

Canadian Journal of Microbiology ◽

10.1139/m92-036 ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 38 (3) ◽

pp. 215-221 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Nitin K. Saksena ◽

Nicole Truffaut

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Gene Cloning ◽

Key Words ◽

Clostridium Perfringens ◽

Resistance Genes ◽

Tetracycline Resistance ◽

Tetracycline Resistance Genes ◽

Expression In Escherichia Coli ◽

Large Plasmids ◽

High Level

One hundred strains of Clostridium perfringens and 52 strains of other Clostridia of human and animal origins were screened for tetracycline resistance. Fifty-six strains were resistant to tetracycline in the C. perfringens group. Ten strains were selected for their high level of resistance. In all of them, the tetracycline-resistance genes were found to be residing in large plasmids of about 50 kb, all showing homologies. Several tetracycline-resistance genes from plasmids of various strains of C. perfringens were cloned in plasmid pUC19 and the resistance was expressed in Escherichia coli. Hybridization analysis showed these genes to be homologous among themselves and also to tetP gene from the PCW3-type plasmid. Key words: tetracycline resistance, Clostridium perfringens, gene cloning, recombinant plasmids.

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Analysis of newly detected tetracycline resistance genes and their flanking sequences in human intestinal bifidobacteria

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-017-06595-0 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Na Wang ◽

Xiaomin Hang ◽

Min Zhang ◽

Xianglong Liu ◽

Hong Yang

Keyword(s):

Resistance Genes ◽

Tetracycline Resistance ◽

Tetracycline Resistance Genes ◽

Flanking Sequences

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Antimicrobial Use and Resistance in Swine Waste Treatment Systems

Applied and Environmental Microbiology ◽

10.1128/aem.01087-06 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 72 (12) ◽

pp. 7813-7820 ◽

Cited By ~ 74

Author(s):

Archana Jindal ◽

Svetlana Kocherginskaya ◽

Asma Mehboob ◽

Matthew Robert ◽

Roderick I. Mackie ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Resistance Genes ◽

Waste Treatment ◽

Growth Promotion ◽

Tetracycline Resistance ◽

Land Application ◽

Molecular Methods ◽

23S Rrna ◽

Organic Farm ◽

Tetracycline Resistance Genes ◽

Fecal Streptococci

ABSTRACT Chlortetracycline and the macrolide tylosin were identified as commonly used antimicrobials for growth promotion and prophylaxis in swine production. Resistance to these antimicrobials was measured throughout the waste treatment processes at five swine farms by culture-based and molecular methods. Conventional farm samples had the highest levels of resistance with both culture-based and molecular methods and had similar levels of resistance despite differences in antimicrobial usage. The levels of resistance in organic farm samples, where no antimicrobials were used, were very low by a culture-based method targeting fecal streptococci. However, when the same samples were analyzed with a molecular method detecting methylation of a specific nucleotide in the 23S rRNA that results in resistance to macrolides, lincosamides, and streptogramin B (MLSB), an unexpectedly high level of resistant rRNA (approximately 50%) was observed, suggesting that the fecal streptococci were not an appropriate target group to evaluate resistance in the overall microbial community and that background levels of MLSB resistance may be substantial. All of the feed samples tested, including those from the organic farm, contained tetracycline resistance genes. Generally, the same tetracycline resistance genes and frequency of detection were found in the manure and lagoon samples for each commercial farm. The levels of tetracycline and MLSB resistance remained high throughout the waste treatment systems, suggesting that the potential impact of land application of treated wastes and waste treatment by-products on environmental levels of resistance should be investigated further.

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