Detection of efflux pump genes in multiresistant Acinetobacter baumannii ST2 in Iran

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zahra Meshkat ◽  
Himen Salimizand ◽  
Yousef Amini ◽  
Davood Mansury ◽  
Abolfazl Rafati Zomorodi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acinetobacter Baumannii ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Efflux Pump ◽  
Tetracycline Resistance ◽  
Genomic Diversity ◽  
Expression Level ◽  
Tetracycline Resistance Genes ◽  
Microdilution Method ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Repetitive Extragenic Palindromic Pcr

AbstractAcinetobacter baumannii, as a nosocomial pathogen has become a worldwide concern in recent years. In the current study, the resistance to tetracyclines and colistin were assessed in the isolates from different provinces of Iran.During the timeline of this study, a number of 270 isolates of A. baumannii were collected from tracheal aspirates, wounds, urine and blood cultures. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) for tetracycline, doxycycline, minocycline, tigecycline and colistin were evaluated. Tetracycline resistance genes were assessed by PCR. The mean expression level of adeB, adeJ and adeG were assessed using semi quantitative Real-Time PCR. The clonal relationship of the isolates was evaluated by the repetitive extragenic palindromic PCR (REP-PCR), International Clonal (IC) Lineage Multiplex PCR and multilocus sequence typing (MLST) (Pasteur scheme) methods.The MIC by microdilution method showed that 87.5, 51.4, 28, 0.74 and 0% of the isolates were resistant to tetracycline, doxycycline, minocycline, tigecycline and colistin respectively. The prevalence of tetracycline resistance genes was 99.2, 99.2, 98, 86.7, 10, 3.33, 0.37, 0% for adeB, adeJ, adeG, tetB, tetA(39), tetA, tetM and tetH in tetracycline-resistant isolates. Moreover, the expression level of adeB, adeJ, adeG genes in tigecycline-nonsusceptible A. baumannii (TNAB) strain was higher compared to the tigecycline-susceptible A. baumannii (TSAB). A broad genomic diversity was revealed, but ST2 was the most prevalent ST. Our results indicated that tetracycline resistance in Iran is mediated by resistance-nodulation-cell division (RND) and tetB efflux pumps.

scholarly journals Tetracycline Susceptibility Testing and Resistance Genes in Isolates of Acinetobacter baumannii-Acinetobacter calcoaceticus Complex from a U.S. Military Hospital

2009 ◽  
Vol 53 (6) ◽  
pp. 2693-2695 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin S. Akers ◽  
Katrin Mende ◽  
Heather C. Yun ◽  
Duane R. Hospenthal ◽  
Miriam L. Beckius ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acinetobacter Baumannii ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Tetracycline Resistance ◽  
Acinetobacter Calcoaceticus ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Military Hospital ◽  
Tetracycline Resistance Genes ◽  
Testing Method

ABSTRACT Infections with multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii-Acinetobacter calcoaceticus complex bacteria complicate the care of U.S. military personnel and civilians worldwide. One hundred thirty-three isolates from 89 patients at our facility during 2006 and 2007 were tested by disk diffusion, Etest, and broth microdilution for susceptibility to tetracycline, doxycycline, minocycline, and tigecycline. Minocycline was the most active in vitro, with 90% of the isolates tested susceptible. Susceptibilities varied significantly with the testing method. The acquired tetracycline resistance genes tetA, tetB, and tetA(39) were present in the isolates.

scholarly journals Mosaic Tetracycline Resistance Genes and Their Flanking Regions in Bifidobacterium thermophilum and Lactobacillus johnsonii

2007 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
pp. 248-252 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angela H. A. M. van Hoek ◽  
Sigrid Mayrhofer ◽  
Konrad J. Domig ◽  
Ana B. Flórez ◽  
Mohammed S. Ammor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Efflux Pump ◽  
Hot Spot ◽  
Tetracycline Resistance ◽  
Lactobacillus Johnsonii ◽  
Reading Frame ◽  
Tetracycline Resistance Genes ◽  
Upstream Part ◽  
Bifidobacterium Thermophilum ◽  
Flanking Regions

ABSTRACT For the first time, mosaic tetracycline resistance genes were identified in Lactobacillus johnsonii and in Bifidobacterium thermophilum strains. The L. johnsonii strain investigated contains a complex hybrid gene, tet(O/W/32/O/W/O), whereas the five bifidobacterial strains possess two different mosaic tet genes: i.e., tet(W/32/O) and tet(O/W). As reported by others, the crossover points of the mosaic tet gene segments were found at similar positions within the genes, suggesting a hot spot for recombination. Analysis of the sequences flanking these genes revealed that the upstream part corresponds to the 5′ end of the mosaic open reading frame. In contrast, the downstream region was shown to be more variable. Surprisingly, in one of the B. thermophilum strains a third tet determinant was identified, coding for the efflux pump Tet(L).

scholarly journals Diversity of the Tetracycline Mobilome within a Chinese Pig Manure Sample

2016 ◽  
Vol 82 (21) ◽  
pp. 6454-6462 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sébastien Olivier Leclercq ◽  
Chao Wang ◽  
Yaxin Zhu ◽  
Hai Wu ◽  
Xiaochen Du ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Efflux Pump ◽  
Genetic Resistance ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance Genes ◽  
Tetracycline Resistance ◽  
Animal Manure ◽  
Pig Manure ◽  
Tetracycline Antibiotics ◽  
Tetracycline Resistance Genes

ABSTRACTTetracycline antibiotics are widely used in livestock, and tetracycline resistance genes (TRG) are frequently reported in the manure of farmed animals. However, the diversity of TRG-carrying transposons in manure has still been rarely investigated. Using a culture-free functional metagenomic procedure, combined with large-insert library construction and sequencing, bioinformatic analyses, and functional experiments, we identified 17 distinct TRGs in a single pig manure sample, including two newtetgenes:tet(59), encoding a tetracycline efflux pump, andtet(W/N/W), encoding mosaic ribosomal protection. Our study also revealed six new TRG-carrying putative nonconjugative transposons: Tn5706-like transposon Tn6298, IS200/605-related transposon Tn6303, Tn3family transposon Tn6299, and three ISCR2-related transposons, Tn62300, Tn62301, and Tn62302.IMPORTANCEFertilization of agricultural fields with animal manure is believed to play a major role in antibiotic resistance dissemination in the environment. There is growing concern for the possible spread of antibiotic resistance from the environment to humans since genetic resistance determinants may be located in transposons and other mobile genetic elements potentially transferable to pathogens. Among the various antibiotic resistance genes found in manure, tetracycline resistance genes (TRGs) are some of the most common. The present study provides a detailed snapshot of the tetracycline mobilome in a single pig manure sample, revealing an unappreciated diversity of TRGs and potential TRG mobility vectors. Our precise identification of the TRG-carrying units will enable us to investigate in more details their mobility effectiveness.

scholarly journals Comparative Genome Analysis Reveals Important Genetic Factors Associated with Probiotic Property inEnterococcus faeciumstrains

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vikas C. Ghattargi ◽  
Meghana A. Gaikwad ◽  
Bharati S. Meti ◽  
Yogesh S. Nimonkar ◽  
Kunal Dixit ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Genome Analysis ◽  
Evolutionary Relationship ◽  
Tetracycline Resistance ◽  
Probiotic Strain ◽  
Tetracycline Resistance Genes ◽  
Phenotypic Complexity ◽  
Genetic Features ◽  
Intrinsic Drug Resistance ◽  
Relationship Of

ABSTRACTEnterococcus faeciumthough commensals in human gut, few strains provide beneficial effect to humans as probiotics, few are responsible for nosocomial infection and few as non-pathogens. Comparative genomics ofE. faeciumwill help to reveal the genomic differences responsible for the said properties. In this study, we comparedE. faeciumstrain 17OM39 with a marketed probiotic, non-pathogenic non-probiotic (NPNP) and pathogenic strains. The core genome analysis revealed, 17OM39 was closely related with marketed probiotic strain T110. Strain 17OM39 was found to be devoid of known vancomycin, tetracycline resistance genes and functional virulence genes. Moreover, 17OM39 is „less open‟ due to absence of frequently found transposable elements. Genes imparting beneficial functional properties were observed to be present in marketed probiotic T110 and 17OM39 strains. Additional, genes associated with colonization within gastrointestinal tract were detected across all the strains. Beyond shared genetic features; this study particularly identified genes that are responsible to impart probiotic, non-pathogenic and pathogenic features to the strains ofE. faecium.The study also provides insights into the acquired and intrinsic drug resistance genes, which will be helpful for better understanding of the physiology of antibiotic resistance inE. faeciumstrains. In addition, we could identify genes contributing to the intrinsic ability of 17OM39E. faeciumisolate to be a potential probiotic.The study has comprehensively characterized genome sequence of each strain to find the genetic variation and understand effects of these on functionality, phenotypic complexity. Further the evolutionary relationship of species along with adaptation strategies have been including in this study.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial Use and Resistance in Swine Waste Treatment Systems

2006 ◽  
Vol 72 (12) ◽  
pp. 7813-7820 ◽  
Author(s):  
Archana Jindal ◽  
Svetlana Kocherginskaya ◽  
Asma Mehboob ◽  
Matthew Robert ◽  
Roderick I. Mackie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Waste Treatment ◽  
Growth Promotion ◽  
Tetracycline Resistance ◽  
Land Application ◽  
Molecular Methods ◽  
23S Rrna ◽  
Organic Farm ◽  
Tetracycline Resistance Genes ◽  
Fecal Streptococci

ABSTRACT Chlortetracycline and the macrolide tylosin were identified as commonly used antimicrobials for growth promotion and prophylaxis in swine production. Resistance to these antimicrobials was measured throughout the waste treatment processes at five swine farms by culture-based and molecular methods. Conventional farm samples had the highest levels of resistance with both culture-based and molecular methods and had similar levels of resistance despite differences in antimicrobial usage. The levels of resistance in organic farm samples, where no antimicrobials were used, were very low by a culture-based method targeting fecal streptococci. However, when the same samples were analyzed with a molecular method detecting methylation of a specific nucleotide in the 23S rRNA that results in resistance to macrolides, lincosamides, and streptogramin B (MLSB), an unexpectedly high level of resistant rRNA (approximately 50%) was observed, suggesting that the fecal streptococci were not an appropriate target group to evaluate resistance in the overall microbial community and that background levels of MLSB resistance may be substantial. All of the feed samples tested, including those from the organic farm, contained tetracycline resistance genes. Generally, the same tetracycline resistance genes and frequency of detection were found in the manure and lagoon samples for each commercial farm. The levels of tetracycline and MLSB resistance remained high throughout the waste treatment systems, suggesting that the potential impact of land application of treated wastes and waste treatment by-products on environmental levels of resistance should be investigated further.

Abundances of Tetracycline Resistance Genes and Tetracycline Antibiotics during Anaerobic Digestion of Swine Waste

2019 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 171-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melanie Couch ◽  
Getahun E. Agga ◽  
John Kasumba ◽  
Rohan R. Parekh ◽  
John H. Loughrin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Tetracycline Resistance ◽  
Swine Waste ◽  
Tetracycline Antibiotics ◽  
Tetracycline Resistance Genes
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