Messianism in the Shadows

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aaron W. Hughes
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Arabian Peninsula ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
Late Antique ◽  
Rule Out

Chapter 3 deals with the decades immediately following the death of Muhammad and examines an inchoate set of overlapping Islams that use a number of Jewish themes and motifs (e.g., messianism) without attribution or even awareness. Such Islamically underdefined social groups paradoxically created a number of diverse and equally underdefined Jewish responses that run the gamut from the apocalyptic to what would only later emerge as normative. This is a far cry from the regnant narrative that imagines a normative and a stable Judaism on the Arabian Peninsula in the late antique period. This does not rule out that a normative Judaism was being developed in the workshops associated with the rabbis in Babylonia. What it does mean is that many scholars from the nineteenth century onward have assumed that what was happening in Babylonia was simply and straightforwardly representative of the entire Jewish world.

Bandstands and Modernity: Constructing Spanish Cities Musically

2021 ◽  
pp. 009614422097612
Author(s):  
Gloria Araceli Rodriguez-Lorenzo
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Social Interaction ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
Urban Spaces ◽  
Cultural Changes ◽  
Urban Modernity ◽  
Sonic Environment

This article analyses the interplay between sound and urban spaces in Spain, from the end of nineteenth century until 1936. Free outdoor concerts performed by bands in public urban spaces offered a new aural experience audience from across an increasing range of very diverse social groups, almost ritualizing both the practice of listening to music and the spaces in which that music was heard—all at a time when those very spaces were changing, in a way which mirrored the wider reconfiguration and modernization of Spanish cities. Case studies focusing on political, social, and cultural changes in urban spaces are analyzed, in order to understand how cities developed new spaces for social interaction, the modern sonic environment, and the ways in which those cities have appropriated culture for their citizens, as a symbol of urban modernity.

scholarly journals The boundary between the domains of the Kosaca and the Brankovic south of the Tara river

Balcanica ◽  
2004 ◽  
pp. 91-158
Author(s):  
Milos Lukovic
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
River Valley ◽  
Historical Sources ◽  
Accurate Identification ◽  
Long Period ◽  
Feudal Lord ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Moment ◽  
The Village ◽  
Rule Out

With the partitioning in 1373 of the domain of Nikola Altomanovic, a Serbian feudal lord, the old political core of the Serbian heartland was shattered and the feudal Bosnian state considerably extended to the east. The region was crossed by the Tara river, mostly along the southeast-northwest "Dinaric course". Although the line along which Altomanovic?s domain was partitioned has been discussed on several occasions and over a comparatively long period, analyses show that the identification of its section south of the Tara is still burdened by a number of unanswered questions, which are the topic of this paper. An accurate identification of this historical boundary is of interest not only to historiography, but also to archaeology ethnology, philology (the history of language and dialectology in particular) and other related disciplines. The charters of Alphonse V and Friedrich III concerning the domain of herceg Stefan Vukcic Kosaca, and other historical sources relating to the estates of the Kosaca cannot reliably con?rm that the zupa of Moraca belonged to the Kosaca domain. The castrum Moratsky and the civitate Morachij from the two charters stand for the fortress near the village of Gornje Morakovo in the zupa of Niksic known as Mrakovac in the nineteenth century, and as Jerinin Grad/Jerina?s Castle in recent times. The zupa of Moraca, as well as the neighbouring Zupa of Brskovo in the Tara river valley, belonged to the domain of the Brankovic from the moment the territory of zupan Nikola Altomanovic was partitioned until 1455, when the Turks ?nally conquered the region thereby ending the 60-year period of dual, Serbian-Turkish, rule. Out of the domain of the Brankovic the Turks created two temporary territorial units: Krajiste of Issa-bey Ishakovic and the Vlk district (the latter subsequently became the san?ak of Vucitrn). The zupa of Moraca became part of Issa-bey Ishakovic?s domain, and was registered as such, although the fact is more di?cult to see from the surviving Turkish cadastral record. The zupa of Moraca did not belong to the vilayet of Hersek, originally established by the Turks within their temporary vilayet system after most of the Kosaca domain had been seized. It was only with the establishing of the San?ak of Herzegovina that three nahiyes which formerly constituted the Zupa of Moraca (Donja/Lower Moraca, Gornja/Upper Moraca and Rovci) were detached from Issa-bey?s territory and included into the San?ak of Hercegovina. It was then that they were registered as part of that San?ak and began to be regarded as being part of Herzegovina.

Time

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Garth Fowden
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Late Antiquity ◽  
Architectural History ◽  
Late Antique ◽  
Catalytic Role

This chapter examines the role that late antique scholarship has occasionally assigned to Islam, with particular emphasis on the work of Alois Riegl, Josef Strzygowski, Henri Pirenne, and Peter Brown. It begins with an overview of the roots of late antique studies on Islam, citing the impetus given by theological and philosophical concerns to interest in late Antiquity up to and including the nineteenth century. It also considers the catalytic role of art, architectural history, and archaeology in the “slow transformations” of the late antique world. It shows that questions about Islam were already present at the very birth of modern late antique studies.

Background and Context

2020 ◽  
pp. 17-42
Author(s):  
Kristian Coates Ulrichsen
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Arabian Peninsula ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
Abu Dhabi ◽  
Economic Policies ◽  
Gulf States ◽  
New Generation ◽  
Coup Attempt

This chapter provides historical context to the tensions between Qatar and Saudi Arabia, Bahrain, and Abu Dhabi from the mid-nineteenth century up until 2011. The chapter covers the emergence of Qatar and the disruptive impact on all the smaller Gulf States, including the UAE, of Saudi expansionary designs on the Arabian Peninsula. Beginning in the 1990s, a new generation of Qatari leaders began to develop political and economic policies that carved a more autonomous role for Qatar in regional affairs. In February 1996, the same four states that would blockade Qatar in 2017 were linked to an abortive coup attempt against the Emir of Qatar, and the chapter ends by examining the aftermath of the coup attempt and the trajectory of Saudi pressure on Qatar in the 2000s.

Introduction

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-21
Author(s):  
David A. Rennie
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Personal Development ◽  
Publishing Industry ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
Modern War

This chapter addresses the war’s multifaceted effect, not only on different areas of society but in terms of the competing interpretations that existed within various social groups. David Rennie suggests that authors, too, could demonstrate shifting, sophisticated, and even contradictory reactions to the war in their fictional and non-fictional outputs. The machinations of the publishing industry, advertising, Hollywood, and authors’ artistic and personal development meant that writers’ reactions to the war were complex, provisional, and subject to change in relation to intrapersonal and interpersonal variables. Rennie also proposes, contrary to the findings of Paul Fussell, that American writers did draw on native historical and literary examples to express contrast—but also some elements of continuity—between modern war and nineteenth-century notions of heroism.

36. Principles, pragmatism, and prohibition: explaining continuity and change in british drug policy

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alex Stevens
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Drug Treatment ◽  
Drug Policy ◽  
Illicit Drugs ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
New Psychoactive Substances ◽  
Late Nineteenth Century ◽  
Psychoactive Substances ◽  
Continuity And Change ◽  
Late Nineteenth

This chapter analyses the development of British policy on illicit drugs from the late nineteenth century until 2016. It shows how this is characterized by contestation between social groups who have an interest in the control and regulation of some drugs and their users. It argues that there is a ‘medico-penal constellation’ of powerful organizations that produce British drug policy in accordance with their own ideas and interest. There have been clashes between the different principles held by people within these organizations but these have often been dealt with through the creation of pragmatic compromises. Recent examples include policies towards ‘recovery’ in drug treatment and new psychoactive substances whilst heroin-related deaths are used to explain why, so far, these pragmatic compromises have not ended the prohibition upon which British drug policy is based.

Virginia Martin, Law and Custom in the Steppe: The Kazakhs of the Middle Horde and Russian Colonialism in the Nineteenth Century. Richmond, UK: Curzon Press, 2001, 244 pp.

2003 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 238-240
Author(s):  
Martina Winkler
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
Legal Culture ◽  
Colonial Rule ◽  
Cultural System

Virginia Martin tells the fascinating story of the change of legal culture that occurred among the Middle Horde Kazakh nomads under Russian colonial rule in the nineteenth century. Her essential argument is based on the premise of conceptualizing law as a cultural system. This leads her to describe “law in action” in a convincing way, as she shows in her book the flexible use of law by various social groups.

How distant is gurbet? Refik Halid’s representation of Arabs in Gurbet Hikayeleri — with a note on Ottoman and Turkish Orientalisms

2013 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 153-173
Author(s):  
Hakan T. Karateke
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Short Stories ◽  
Historical Perspective ◽  
Arabian Peninsula ◽  
Definition Of

This article explores Refik Halid’s (Karay) reflections of his time in exile in Bilad al- Sham and other localities on the Arabian peninsula, as collected in semiautobiographical short stories written during the 1930s and published as Gurbet Hikayeleri (Exile Stories), and compares Refik Halid’s views of the Arab locals with the attitudes described by Ussama Makdisi and Edhem Eldem as “Ottoman Orientalism” and “Turkish Orientalism” respectively. However, I am inclined not to restrict such belittling attitudes towards the subjects who lived in the cultural peripheries of the empire to the nineteenth century. It seems necessary to develop a definition of Ottoman Orientalism that does not restrict the term to the age of reforms, one that can place the perceptions and tensions between groups of people within the empire in their historical perspective.

A Token of Personal Religion brought to Cyrene c. 525 BC

2002 ◽  
Vol 33 ◽  
pp. 21-28
Author(s):  
G. R. H. Wright
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Sixth Century ◽  
Rule Out

AbstractThis paper reconsiders a scarab seal inscribed in the Cypriote syllabary and acquired at Cyrene in the mid-nineteenth century by the French consul Vattier de Bourville. The circumstances and period of its acquisition rule out the possibility of forgery, and the scarab is stylistically datable to the late sixth century BC. The flight of Queen Pheretima to Cyprus, and her subsequent return to Cyrene, are suggested as a possible context in which the seal may have arrived at Cyrene—perhaps as a token of personal religion of the queen herself. The seal shows Bes as Master of the Animals, reflecting a fusion of Levantine and Egyptian influences in Cypriote iconography.

scholarly journals Sasanian Persia

2017 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Population Growth ◽  
Urban Development ◽  
Late Antiquity ◽  
Urban Culture ◽  
Arabian Peninsula ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
Late Antique ◽  
Economic Prosperity ◽  
Sasanian Empire ◽  
Roman World

The Sasanian Empire (third-seventh centuries) was one of the largest empires of antiquity, stretching from Mesopotamia to modern Pakistan and from Central Asia to the Arabian Peninsula. This mega-empire withstood powerful opponents in the steppe and expanded further in Late Antiquity, whilst the Roman world shrunk in size. Recent research has revealed the reasons for this success, notably population growth in some territories, economic prosperity and urban development, made possible through investment in agriculture and military infrastructure on a scale unparalleled in the late antique world. This volume explores the empire’s relations with its neighbours and key phenomena which contributed to its wealth and power, from the empire’s armed forces to agriculture, trade and treatment of minorities. The latest discoveries, notably major urban foundations, fortifications and irrigations systems, feature prominently. An empire whose military might and urban culture rivalled Rome and foreshadowed the caliphate will be of interest to scholars of the Roman and Islamic world.

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