Introduction

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-21
Author(s):  
David A. Rennie
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Personal Development ◽  
Publishing Industry ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
Modern War

This chapter addresses the war’s multifaceted effect, not only on different areas of society but in terms of the competing interpretations that existed within various social groups. David Rennie suggests that authors, too, could demonstrate shifting, sophisticated, and even contradictory reactions to the war in their fictional and non-fictional outputs. The machinations of the publishing industry, advertising, Hollywood, and authors’ artistic and personal development meant that writers’ reactions to the war were complex, provisional, and subject to change in relation to intrapersonal and interpersonal variables. Rennie also proposes, contrary to the findings of Paul Fussell, that American writers did draw on native historical and literary examples to express contrast—but also some elements of continuity—between modern war and nineteenth-century notions of heroism.

Bandstands and Modernity: Constructing Spanish Cities Musically

2021 ◽  
pp. 009614422097612
Author(s):  
Gloria Araceli Rodriguez-Lorenzo
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Social Interaction ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
Urban Spaces ◽  
Cultural Changes ◽  
Urban Modernity ◽  
Sonic Environment

This article analyses the interplay between sound and urban spaces in Spain, from the end of nineteenth century until 1936. Free outdoor concerts performed by bands in public urban spaces offered a new aural experience audience from across an increasing range of very diverse social groups, almost ritualizing both the practice of listening to music and the spaces in which that music was heard—all at a time when those very spaces were changing, in a way which mirrored the wider reconfiguration and modernization of Spanish cities. Case studies focusing on political, social, and cultural changes in urban spaces are analyzed, in order to understand how cities developed new spaces for social interaction, the modern sonic environment, and the ways in which those cities have appropriated culture for their citizens, as a symbol of urban modernity.

scholarly journals FEATURES AND PROBLEMS OF THE POLITICAL AND VALUE CONTENT OF THE POLICY OF INTERETHNIC HARMONY

2020 ◽  
Vol 65 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
E.R. Akpayeva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Personal Development ◽  
Political Process ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
National Policy ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Internal Factors ◽  
Important Means ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Comprehensive Study

The article reveals in more detail the features and problems of regulation of the processes of formation and development of interethnic harmony in the context of state policy of Kazakhstan. It is shown that the regulation of the formation of interethnic consent of Kazakhstan should be considered as a national and political process, during which the influence of both external and internal factors of personal development of each of them should be taken into account. The article also notes that in the process of modernization of the Kazakh society, the regulation of interethnic harmony between them acts as the most important means of implementing the ideas and principles of the national policy of the Republic of Kazakhstan. The practice of Kazakhstan shows that only the subject of regulation of interethnic harmony, which is well aware of the requirements of an integrated approach, is able to be guided by them in their educational activities, is able to effectively regulate the process of formation and development of interethnic harmony. At the same time, a comprehensive study of the characteristics of different social groups of people, nationalities and skillful account of the identified features in working with them is necessary.

The Beginnings of Print

2020 ◽  
pp. 63-92
Author(s):  
Ahmed El Shamsy
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Middle East ◽  
Publishing Industry ◽  
Arab World ◽  
Printing Press ◽  
Cultural Reproduction ◽  
Cultural Formation ◽  
Jewish Refugees ◽  
Modern Europe

This chapter turns to the changing means of cultural reproduction: the constitution of books as physical objects through the medium of print. The print revolution, inaugurated by Johannes Gutenberg (d. 1468), was central to the cultural formation of modern Europe. Within decades of Gutenberg's death, the technology of the printing press had also arrived in Istanbul, carried by Jewish refugees from Spain. Arabic books were not, however, printed in the Middle East in significant numbers until the eighteenth century, and it was only in the nineteenth century that print came to dominate the production of Arabo-Islamic literature. After discussing early printing in the Arab world, this chapter focuses on the evolution of the publishing industry.

The Literary Marketplace of British India: 1780–1844

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Máire ní Fhlathúin
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Print Culture ◽  
Publishing Industry ◽  
Economic Factors ◽  
British India ◽  
Literary Marketplace ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Material Conditions ◽  
At Home

This chapter discusses the material conditions for the emergence of a publishing and print culture in early British India and throughout the first half of the nineteenth century. It explores the demographic and economic factors affecting the development of the publishing industry. It argues that newspapers and literary titles were not simply a conduit for the distribution of the news and culture of ‘home’ across India, but also provided a forum in which the British community in India could write for (and often about) itself, thus enabling the development of a sense of local and colonial identity, related to but also set apart from the identity of the British at ‘home’.

36. Principles, pragmatism, and prohibition: explaining continuity and change in british drug policy

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alex Stevens
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Drug Treatment ◽  
Drug Policy ◽  
Illicit Drugs ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
New Psychoactive Substances ◽  
Late Nineteenth Century ◽  
Psychoactive Substances ◽  
Continuity And Change ◽  
Late Nineteenth

This chapter analyses the development of British policy on illicit drugs from the late nineteenth century until 2016. It shows how this is characterized by contestation between social groups who have an interest in the control and regulation of some drugs and their users. It argues that there is a ‘medico-penal constellation’ of powerful organizations that produce British drug policy in accordance with their own ideas and interest. There have been clashes between the different principles held by people within these organizations but these have often been dealt with through the creation of pragmatic compromises. Recent examples include policies towards ‘recovery’ in drug treatment and new psychoactive substances whilst heroin-related deaths are used to explain why, so far, these pragmatic compromises have not ended the prohibition upon which British drug policy is based.

Messianism in the Shadows

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aaron W. Hughes
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Arabian Peninsula ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
Late Antique ◽  
Rule Out

Chapter 3 deals with the decades immediately following the death of Muhammad and examines an inchoate set of overlapping Islams that use a number of Jewish themes and motifs (e.g., messianism) without attribution or even awareness. Such Islamically underdefined social groups paradoxically created a number of diverse and equally underdefined Jewish responses that run the gamut from the apocalyptic to what would only later emerge as normative. This is a far cry from the regnant narrative that imagines a normative and a stable Judaism on the Arabian Peninsula in the late antique period. This does not rule out that a normative Judaism was being developed in the workshops associated with the rabbis in Babylonia. What it does mean is that many scholars from the nineteenth century onward have assumed that what was happening in Babylonia was simply and straightforwardly representative of the entire Jewish world.

Virginia Martin, Law and Custom in the Steppe: The Kazakhs of the Middle Horde and Russian Colonialism in the Nineteenth Century. Richmond, UK: Curzon Press, 2001, 244 pp.

2003 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 238-240
Author(s):  
Martina Winkler
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
Legal Culture ◽  
Colonial Rule ◽  
Cultural System

Virginia Martin tells the fascinating story of the change of legal culture that occurred among the Middle Horde Kazakh nomads under Russian colonial rule in the nineteenth century. Her essential argument is based on the premise of conceptualizing law as a cultural system. This leads her to describe “law in action” in a convincing way, as she shows in her book the flexible use of law by various social groups.

"The Burning Clime": Charlotte Brontë and John Martin

1995 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 285-321 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christine Alexander
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Personal Development ◽  
Charlotte Bronte ◽  
Early Nineteenth Century ◽  
Dynamic Relationship ◽  
Gradual Shift ◽  
The Way

The name of the Romantic painter and printmaker John Martin has long been associated with the Brontës. His pictures hung on the Brontë Parsonage walls; the Brontë children both copied his images in paint and transposed them into "print" in their tiny handsewn magazines. His sublime landscapes and gigantic imaginary scenes of ancient architecture-an amalgamation of Classical, Egyptian, and Indian styles-provided unlimited scope for the young architects of Glass Town and Angria. Yet the dynamic relationship between Martin's lurid canvases and Charlotte Brontë's writings extends beyond the simple use of pictorialism. In his work she found an analogue for her own frustrating experience, and her response to his work significantly contributed to her personal development as an artist. This essay attempts to trace the way in which Brontë's writings register her early-nineteenth-century response to Martin's work in a gradual shift from her initial enthusiasm for his landscapes toward a distrust of his illusive promises of grandeur.

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