Argument Structure and Morphology

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jim Wood ◽  
Neil Myler
Keyword(s):  
Argument Structure ◽  
Word Formation ◽  
The Other ◽  
Proper Treatment ◽  
Structure And Morphology ◽  
Theoretical Approaches ◽  
The One ◽  
Theoretical Issues

The topic “argument structure and morphology” refers to the interaction between the number and nature of the arguments taken by a given predicate on the one hand, and the morphological makeup of that predicate on the other. This domain turns out to be crucial to the study of a number of theoretical issues, including the nature of thematic representations, the proper treatment of irregularity (both morphophonological and morphosemantic), and the very place of morphology in the architecture of the grammar. A recurring question within all existing theoretical approaches is whether word formation should be conceived of as split across two “places” in the grammar, or as taking place in only one.

Satellite-framed Latin vs. verb-framed Romance: A syntactic approach

Probus ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 227-265 ◽  
Author(s):  
Víctor Acedo-Matellán ◽  
Jaume Mateu
Keyword(s):  
Argument Structure ◽  
Intermediate Stage ◽  
The Other ◽  
Directed Motion ◽  
Structure And Morphology ◽  
Diachronic Change ◽  
Locative Alternation ◽  
Syntactic Approach ◽  
Motion Constructions ◽  
The One

Abstract In this paper we are interested in the relation between two facts accompanying the diachronic change from Latin to Romance within the domain of the morphological and argument-structural properties of the predicates expressing change. On the one hand, the element encoding the transition itself, which we call the Path, and the verb are realised as two distinct morphemes in Latin, but as one and the same morpheme in the daughter languages: in Talmy's (2000) terms, the former is a satellite-framed language and the latter are verb-framed languages. On the other hand, there is a whole range of argument-structural patterns which are found in Latin but not in Romance: unselected object contructions, complex directed motion constructions, productive locative alternation, etc. We show, within a syntactic view of argument structure and morphology, that both facts are intimately related. Furthermore, we provide data from Old Catalan showing an intermediate stage between the Latin satellite-framed system and the Romance verb-framed system.

Neoliberalism and its Homophobic Discontents

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Volker Woltersdorff aka Lore Logorrhöe
Keyword(s):  
Risk Taking ◽  
The Other ◽  
Right Wing ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Sexual Identities ◽  
Political Critique ◽  
Theoretical Approaches ◽  
European Values ◽  
Sexual Concerns ◽  
The One

This article addresses a lack in both queer and anti-neoliberal political critique: on the one hand, queer theoretical approaches neglect questions of production and class, on the other hand economical analyses all too often ignore the question of sexuality. The author argues that this blank is symptomatic for the current regime that reins the construction of sexual identities and he asks why it is so difficult to do otherwise. While religious fundamentalists, nationalist and racists unanimously reject both homosexuality and neoliberalism, official neoliberal discourse in the European Union includes tolerance of homosexuality within its list of allegedly European values. In Germany and in the Netherlands, right wing liberal policies thus give anti-homophobic struggles a nationalist and racist stance, constraining them to co-opt neoliberalism, consumerism, nationalism and racism. Finally the article discusses whether the notion of precariousness could help to link economic and sexual concerns such a way that the dialectics of individuality and risk taking in neoliberalism are illustrated.

Out of the Groove

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Bachner
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
The Other ◽  
Theoretical Approaches ◽  
Contemporary Media ◽  
Way Of Thinking ◽  
The One

This chapter explores different links between sound and writing, from Rilke’s and Adorno’s reflections on phonographic grooves as a type of proto-writing in the early decades of the twentieth century to contemporary media theories that invest sound with the powers of immediacy, immersion, and corporeal resonance on the one hand and to poststructuralist fantasies of sound as an embodiment of écriture on the other. Sound theorists invest sound with contradictory desires: as a counter to phonocentric phantasms of presence as well as an alternative, resonant way of thinking, as that which is most mediated as well as a figure of non-mediation. And figures of inscription—as overt or disavowed imaginary, as well as negative foil—frequently represent and mediate between these differing theoretical approaches to sound. The genealogy of intextuated sound that this chapter narrates throws light on the strategic deployment of media in theory, for which sound (and its conceptual imaginaries) becomes a hallmark of reconceptualizing corporeality and materiality as well as a way of negotiating between mediation and the unmediated.

Introduction: Refocus on Tarkovsky

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Sergey Toymentsev
Keyword(s):  
English Language ◽  
Film History ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
The Other ◽  
Film Analysis ◽  
Theoretical Approaches ◽  
Interdisciplinary Dialogue ◽  
Religious Cult ◽  
The One ◽  
Opening Up

This introduction outlines the main tendencies in Tarkovsky studies, the most salient of which are English-language auteur studies, methodologically based in film history and formalist analysis, and Russian-language hagiographic and quasi-theological monographs fostering the religious cult of the director. This chapter argues that most Tarkovsky scholars trained in Slavic studies are somewhat reluctant to enter into interdisciplinary dialogue with other film theories and philosophical approaches by relying more on the traditional (empirically oriented) methods of film analysis developed by film history and film hermeneutics. This anthology, the chapter argues, attempts to overcome the methodological narrowness of Anglophone auteur studies on Tarkovsky on the one hand and Russophone hagiographic zeal on the other by opening up the field to different theoretical approaches.

The Patrimonial Project of Dzhankent

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 467-532
Author(s):  
Irina Arzhantseva ◽  
Svetlana Gorshenina
Keyword(s):  
Central Asia ◽  
Archaeological Site ◽  
National Identities ◽  
The Other ◽  
Post Colonial ◽  
Theoretical Approaches ◽  
Special Place ◽  
National Symbols ◽  
Geographical Position ◽  
The One

AbstractThe archaeological site of Dzhankent, in addition to its geographical position and the wealth of finds from there, occupies a special place for several other reasons, too. It was the first site in Central Asia to be excavated (1740-1741) and photographed (1858), and it has recently become one of the national symbols of independent Kazakhstan (since 1991). Over the period of more than 270 years during which it has been studied, Dzhankent has been approached by generations of explorers, excavators and researchers from different theoretical positions and with different aims which have corresponded more or less to political or geopolitical programmes. The aim of this contribution is, on the one hand, to show how the various actors who worked at this site related to one another and to the various types of power (local, Tsarist, Soviet), and on the other hand, to analyze the changes in the theoretical approaches of these actors. At the same time, it is important to trace the transformation of Dzhankent, in its pre-colonial, colonial and post-colonial contexts, into a memorial supposedly linked to imperial or national identities which, in turn, had been forged around a constructed past.

Dr. Tuke's Addeess As President of the Section of Psychology

1873 ◽  
Vol 19 (87) ◽  
pp. 485-487
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disease ◽  
The Other ◽  
Proper Treatment ◽  
Moral Management ◽  
The Moment ◽  
The One

The proper treatment of mental disease must always be considered as involving two distinct divisions. In the one, “moral” management, it is necessary to gain regard and willing obedience, to check wayward impulse, to beat away disturbing fears, to cheer the despairing, to restrain, not by force, bat by patience and firmness, the angry and the violent, and to catch the moment in which the swiftly wavering mind may be brought to rest, and its balance permanently retained. The other division embraces the correct employment of hygienic and purely medical remedial agents.

Combining Forms and Affixoids in Morphology

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dany Amiot ◽  
Edwige Dugas
Keyword(s):  
Major Part ◽  
Word Formation ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Other ◽  
Formation Processes ◽  
Good Criterion ◽  
Part Of Speech ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The One

Word-formation encompasses a wide range of processes, among which we find derivation and compounding, two processes yielding productive patterns which enable the speaker to understand and to coin new lexemes. This article draws a distinction between two types of constituents (suffixes, combining forms, splinters, affixoids, etc.) on the one hand and word-formation processes (derivation, compounding, blending, etc.) on the other hand but also shows that a given constituent can appear in different word-formation processes. First, it describes prototypical derivation and compounding in terms of word-formation processes and of their constituents: Prototypical derivation involves a base lexeme, that is, a free lexical elements belonging to a major part-of-speech category (noun, verb, or adjective) and, very often, an affix (e.g., Fr. laverV ‘to wash’ > lavableA ‘washable’), while prototypical compounding involves two lexemes (e.g., Eng. rainN + fallV > rainfallN). The description of these prototypical phenomena provides a starting point for the description of other types of constituents and word-formation processes. There are indeed at least two phenomena which do not meet this description, namely, combining forms (henceforth CFs) and affixoids, and which therefore pose an interesting challenge to linguistic description, be it synchronic or diachronic. The distinction between combining forms and affixoids is not easy to establish and the definitions are often confusing, but productivity is a good criterion to distinguish them from each other, even if it does not answer all the questions raised by bound forms. In the literature, the notions of CF and affixoid are not unanimously agreed upon, especially that of affixoid. Yet this article stresses that they enable us to highlight, and even conceptualize, the gradual nature of linguistic phenomena, whether from a synchronic or a diachronic point of view.

scholarly journals WYZNACZNIKI PROFESJONALIZMU NAUCZYCIELA – DYSKUSJA GLOTTODYDAKTYCZNA A POLITYKA I PRAKTYKA OŚWIATOWA

Neofilolog ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 51-73
Author(s):  
Mariola Jaworska
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Language ◽  
Educational Policy ◽  
The Other ◽  
Ethical Standards ◽  
Policy And Practice ◽  
Personality Dimension ◽  
Language Teacher ◽  
Theoretical Approaches ◽  
Cultural Expectations ◽  
The One

The professionalism of a teacher is their competence, expertise, “knowledge of the craft”, but also the ability to meet high cognitive, operational and ethical standards. On the one hand, this is rooted in social and cultural expectations, related to the educational needs of society, but on the other it has a personality dimension, connected with the teacher’s individuality, which is evidenced in the specific relations they have with students. This article aims to analyse the determinants of the professionalism of the contemporary foreign language teacher found in recent glottodidactic discussion and compare these to the current educational policy and practice. It will present both theoretical approaches and the selected results of studies and reports on this topic.

Interpreting law in socio-pragmatic space

Semiotica ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 (216) ◽  
pp. 109-130
Author(s):  
Vijay K. Bhatia
Keyword(s):  
Hong Kong ◽  
Legal Discourse ◽  
The Other ◽  
Professional Communication ◽  
Diverse Range ◽  
Basic Law ◽  
The One ◽  
Occupy Central ◽  
Theoretical Issues ◽  
Legal Meaning

AbstractUnlike any other form of professional communication, legal discourse, especially in a legislative context, is unique in the sense that it is full of contradictions. Firstly, it is highly depersonalized, as its illocutionary force is independent of any specific writer or reader, and yet it is meant to address a diverse range of audiences. Secondly, it is meant for ordinary citizens, but is written in a style that is meant only for legal specialists. Thirdly, although its primary function is to assign rights and impose obligations to act or prohibit action, it is written in a highly nominal style (language of thinking) rather than verbal style (language of doing). And finally, legislative provisions are meant to be “clear,” “precise,” “unambiguous,” on the one hand, and “all-inclusive,” on the other, which can be seen as a contratdiction in terms. Most of these seeming contradictions make it difficult for the various stakeholders, which include specialists as well as non-specialists, to manage “socio-pragmatic space” in the construction and, more importantly, interpretation of such provisions, particularly when they are interpreted in broadly socio-political contexts. Drawing on some of the contradictory interpretations of certain sections of the Basic Law, widely regarded as the mini-constitution of Hong Kong, this paper will identify and discuss key theoretical issues emerging from a diversity of meanings attributed to somewhat innocuous legislative constructions, which precipitated the “Occupy Central” movement, largely popularized as the symbolic “Umbrella Movement.” The paper thus attempts to highlight two rather different aspects of interpretation of legal meaning, one in the court of law for the negotiation of justice, and the other in wider socio-political and public domains where law is interpreted broadly with wider social implications.

Satzgliedfunktionen im Deutschen: eine realistische Weiterentwicklung

2014 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Neef
Keyword(s):  
Axiomatic Approach ◽  
The Other ◽  
Grammatical Function ◽  
Theoretical Approaches ◽  
The One ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Grammatical Functions

AbstractThe concept of grammatical functions has a long and changeful history. It is used in many different theoretical approaches, not least in the grammar that underlies school instruction. However, several problems and inconsistencies are connected with this concept. These problems can be solved if definitions of the individual grammatical functions are homogeneously grounded in formal criteria instead of making recourse to semantics. In this article, an axiomatic approach of this kind is presented which is couched in terms of the paradigm of Linguistic Realism. The set of definitions given affords a basis for the unambiguous analysis of (German) sentences. At the same time, the traditionally distinct concepts of grammatical functions on the one hand and valency of verbs on the other can be merged into a uniform concept. Crucial in this context is a reevaluation of the grammatical function ‘adverbial’.

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