3. Electricity systems

2019 ◽  
pp. 48-73
Author(s):  
Nick Jenkins
Keyword(s):  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Distribution Networks ◽  
Supply System ◽  
Electricity Supply ◽  
Electricity System ◽  
Secondary Objective ◽  
Conventional Structure ◽  
Transmission And Distribution ◽  
Electricity Systems

‘Electricity systems’ explains that the two essential functions of an electricity system are to take power from the generators and distribute it to consumers, and to balance the supply and demand of electrical energy. A secondary objective is to control the voltage but this is easier and cheaper to accomplish. The conventional structure of a modern electricity supply system and what should be considered in its design and operation is discussed before considering contemporary developments in electricity generation, transmission, and distribution. All aspects of the electricity system are entering a period of great change, especially in the distribution networks with rapidly increasing distributed generation.

scholarly journals STRATEGI PEMASARAN PENGEMBANGAN INVESTASI BISNIS KOMPONEN BAHAN BAKU PADA PT. EGA NUSANTARA

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eko Yogy Prasetyo ◽  
AEP RUHANDI
Keyword(s):  
Swot Analysis ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Business Plan ◽  
Marketing Strategies ◽  
Electricity Sector ◽  
Electricity Supply ◽  
Current Transformers ◽  
Medium Voltage ◽  
Electricity System ◽  
Brunei Darussalam

PT. Ega Nusantara is one of the medium voltage panel maker companies in Indonesia. Where the majority of products are used by PT. PLN throughout Indonesia. PT. Ega Nusantara seeks to improve its competitiveness by adding new products outside the panel, namely current transformers, voltage transformers, bushings, capacitive deviders, insulators and load break switches. The whole component is a panel supporting component made from epoxy resin. To expand, a study of marketing strategies is needed using SWOT analysis and identifies the company's internal and external environmental factors that influence marketing strategies. Indonesia's current economic growth requires the support of reliable energy supplies including electricity. Electricity needs will increase in line with economic development and population growth. Based on the RUPTL (Electricity Supply Business Plan) PT. PLN, Indonesia have’t get the electricity of all regions could become potential investment in the electricity sector. The electrification ratio up to 2016 was 91.16%. When compared to Singapore it's already 100%, Brunei Darussalam 99.7%, Malaysia 99.0%, Thailand 99.3%, and Vietnam 98.0%. In addition to the condition of the electrification ratio that has not reached 100%, the condition of the electricity supply in the national electricity system also reflects the imbalance between supply and demand, with these conditions, of course, there are still opportunities for investors to participate in electricity supply businesses.

scholarly journals An overview of integrated power supply system: Solution to Nigeria’s electricity problem

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 268-273
Author(s):  
A. A. Senbanjo ◽  
J.O. Coker
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Power Supply ◽  
Distribution Systems ◽  
Distribution Networks ◽  
Primary Energy ◽  
Supply System ◽  
Generation System ◽  
Electric Power Supply ◽  
System Solution ◽  
Transmission And Distribution

This work traces the causes of electricity problem in Nigeria to inadequate power generation. Though other militating factors such as faulty transmission and distribution systems were highlighted, the study insists that the major contributing factor to the epileptic electric power supply in the country is due to the inadequate power generation system currently in place. The study further proposes an integrated powers supply system whereby several sources of primary energy are harnessed and combined to give a robust generation system, as the solutionto the epileptic power supply in the country. The study further recommends that the reactivation and repairs of the country’s power transmission and distribution networks, is germane to the attainment of this goal.

scholarly journals The value of information in managing the electricity system

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeremy Budd ◽  
Chris Dent ◽  
Daniel Maxwell ◽  
Robert Tovey ◽  
Francis G. Woodhouse ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Statistical Approach ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Distribution Networks ◽  
Renewable Generation ◽  
Electricity System ◽  
System Operator ◽  
Real Time Information ◽  
Time Information ◽  
Do So

National Grid (NG) Electricity System Operator is responsible for balancing supply and demand in the GB electricity transmission system. To do so it requires accurate real-time information on both generation and demand. However, much smaller-scale and highly variable renewable generation is embedded directly in the distribution networks. NG does not have direct metering of how much power this generation is providing at any given time. This lack of knowledge increases the constraint and other costs to keep the system balanced. The problem posed is that of estimating the potential savings of having accurate real-time knowledge of such embedded renewable generation. This report considers two approaches to making such estimates and briefly explores a statistical approach to the modelling of non-constraint costs. Suggestions are made as to what further information might be collected by NG to make improved estimates of the benefits in system operation of direct metering of embedded resources.

Meeting the Balance of Electricity Supply and Demand in Latin America and the Caribbean

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rigoberto Ariel Yépez-García ◽  
Todd M. Johnson ◽  
Luis Alberto Andrés
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Electricity Supply ◽  
The Caribbean

scholarly journals Real Fault Location in a Distribution Network Using Smart Feeder Meter Data

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (11) ◽  
pp. 3242
Author(s):  
Hamid Mirshekali ◽  
Rahman Dashti ◽  
Karsten Handrup ◽  
Hamid Reza Shaker
Keyword(s):  
Fault Location ◽  
Network Reliability ◽  
Distribution Network ◽  
Estimation Method ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Distribution Networks ◽  
Active Power ◽  
Financial Loss ◽  
Smart Meters ◽  
The Real

Distribution networks transmit electrical energy from an upstream network to customers. Undesirable circumstances such as faults in the distribution networks can cause hazardous conditions, equipment failure, and power outages. Therefore, to avoid financial loss, to maintain customer satisfaction, and network reliability, it is vital to restore the network as fast as possible. In this paper, a new fault location (FL) algorithm that uses the recorded data of smart meters (SMs) and smart feeder meters (SFMs) to locate the actual point of fault, is introduced. The method does not require high-resolution measurements, which is among the main advantages of the method. An impedance-based technique is utilized to detect all possible FL candidates in the distribution network. After the fault occurrence, the protection relay sends a signal to all SFMs, to collect the recorded active power of all connected lines after the fault. The higher value of active power represents the real faulty section due to the high-fault current. The effectiveness of the proposed method was investigated on an IEEE 11-node test feeder in MATLAB SIMULINK 2020b, under several situations, such as different fault resistances, distances, inception angles, and types. In some cases, the algorithm found two or three candidates for FL. In these cases, the section estimation helped to identify the real fault among all candidates. Section estimation method performs well for all simulated cases. The results showed that the proposed method was accurate and was able to precisely detect the real faulty section. To experimentally evaluate the proposed method’s powerfulness, a laboratory test and its simulation were carried out. The algorithm was precisely able to distinguish the real faulty section among all candidates in the experiment. The results revealed the robustness and effectiveness of the proposed method.

A Novel FACTS Based (DDSC) Compensator for Power-Quality Enhancement of L.V. Distribution Feeder with a Dispersed Wind Generator

2006 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Adel M Sharaf ◽  
Khaled Mohamed Abo-Al-Ez
Keyword(s):  
Power Quality ◽  
Distributed Generation ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Power Transmission ◽  
Traditional Approach ◽  
Distribution Networks ◽  
System Capacity ◽  
Quality Enhancement ◽  
Wind Generator ◽  
Transmission And Distribution

In a deregulated electric service environment, an effective electric transmission and distribution networks are vital to the competitive environment of reliable electric service. Power quality (PQ) is an item of steadily increasing concern in power transmission and distribution. The traditional approach to overcoming capacity and quality limitations in power transmission and distribution in many cases is the addition of new transmission and/or generating capacity. This, however, may not be practicable or desirable in the real case, for many of reasons. From technical, economical and environmental points of view, there are two important - and most of the time combined - alternatives for building new transmission or distribution networks to enhance the transmission system capacity, and power quality: the Flexible alternating current transmission devices and controllers, and the distributed generation resources near the load centers. The connection of distributed generation to the distribution grid may influence the stability of the power system, i.e. angle, frequency and voltage stability. It might also have an impact on the protection selectivity, and the frequency and voltage control in the system. This paper presents a low cost FACTS based Dynamic Distribution System Compensator (DDSC) scheme for voltage stabilization and power transfer and quality enhancement of the distribution feeders connected to a dispersed wind generator, using MATLAB/ SimPower System simulation tool.

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