10. Cultural heritage

The Arab Spring ◽

‘Cultural heritage’ discusses the impact of the events of the Arab Spring in 2011 on pharaonic cultural heritage. The first real indication of any threat to Egyptian heritage arrived on 28 January 2011, when protesters set fire to the headquarters of the ruling National Democratic Party in downtown Cairo, which was immediately next door to the Egyptian Museum. In addition to theft from museums or archaeological sites, there was also the phenomenon of ‘land-grabbing’ either for agriculture or building projects. There have been some very innovative approaches to cultural heritage management in Egypt, including the establishment of Egypt's new museums, such as regional museums and the Grand Egyptian Museum.

United They Stand? A Study of Authoritarian Responses during the Arab Spring

New Middle Eastern Studies ◽

10.29311/nmes.v5i0.2657 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 5 ◽

Author(s):

Julien Morency-Laflamme ◽

Anja Brunner

Keyword(s):

Democratic Party ◽

Arab Spring ◽

Authoritarian Regimes ◽

Ruling Class ◽

Political Liberalization ◽

Protest Movements ◽

Popular Protest ◽

Electoral Democracy ◽

The Arab Spring ◽

This article seeks to analyse why mass protests during the Arab Spring of 2010 did not always result in the toppling of authoritarian leaders and why in some cases it actually led to the reinforcement of certain authoritarian regimes. In attempting to understand this puzzle, most scholars have concentrated on the impact of populist movements but have overlooked the importance of the incumbent regime’s divisions and the character of its relationship with opposition forces. Drawing on O’Donnell and Schmitter’s theory on transitions “from above”, this research demonstrates that authoritarian responses to mass protests were conditioned by the existence of divisions within the ruling circle itself. We argue that the only transitions to culminate in the establishment of an electoral democracy were those in which mass protests succeeded in provoking rifts between softliners and hardliners within the authoritarian elites and in which pro-reform forces subsequently negotiated new rules of governance with opposition forces. We also distinguish between latent crisis, when tensions within the regime exist but are contained, and overt crisis, when the unity of the ruling bloc is broken. We demonstrate our hypothesis by comparing events in Bahrain and in Egypt, two cases that led to very different political patterns and outcomes following the emergence of popular protest movements. In the case of Egypt, softliners managed to get the upper hand and Mubarak’s National Democratic Party was toppled, while in Bahrain the monarchy could count on the support of a majority of the ruling class that was largely opposed to political liberalization and ready to quell the opposition coalition.

Wadawurrung Dya Baap Ngobeeyt: teaching spatial mapping technologies

Campus-Wide Information Systems ◽

10.1108/cwis-10-2013-0059 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 31 (4) ◽

pp. 276-287 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Carolyn J. Woodley ◽

Sean Fagan ◽

Sue Marshall

Keyword(s):

Cultural Heritage ◽

Learning Experiences ◽

Indigenous Communities ◽

Heritage Management ◽

Indigenous Australians ◽

Spatial Mapping ◽

Aboriginal Communities ◽

Content Type ◽

Purpose – Aboriginal communities in Australia must have mapping information and technology to effectively and independently administer their land holdings and to define, evidence and thus protect their community and cultural identity. The purpose of this paper is to report on a pilot project that developed a customisable education programme to support Indigenous communities in the uptake of spatial mapping technologies to protect and manage cultural heritage in Victoria, Australia. Design/methodology/approach – A training programme to support Wadawurrung capabilities in spatial mapping technologies was developed, delivered and evaluated. Concurrently, the system's database was indigenised by Wadawurrung cultural heritage workers. Types and numbers of culturally significant sites mapped using the technologies were collated. The impact of the training and technologies for students and the Wadawurrung community was gauged through participation levels and evaluations. The approach to indigenous spatial mapping projects is informed by postcolonial theories interrogating neo-colonialist cartographic practices. Findings – Indigenous communities need to be resourced in the uptake of spatial mapping technologies and if universities are going to be involved in co-developing positive learning experiences that encourage the uptake of the technologies, they must have appropriate and respectful relationships with Aboriginal communities. Training programmes need to accommodate learners with diverse educational experiences and technological wherewithal. Research limitations/implications – Findings from the training evaluations are based on a small number of participants; however, they seem to be supported by literature. Practical implications – The education model developed is customisable for any Indigenous community in Australia. Social implications – The social and political importance of spatial mapping technologies for Indigenous Australians is evident as is the need for educational providers to have appropriate and respectful relationships with Aboriginal communities to co-develop positive learning experiences that encourage the uptake of the technologies. Originality/value – The Wadawurrung Dya Baap Ngobeeyt Cultural Heritage Mapping and Management Project developed practical strategies to build community capacity in Aboriginal Cultural Heritage Management and Protection. The educational programme developed supported learners to use technologies in cultural heritage management. Data were collected using community-developed fields for inclusion and culturally appropriate encryption of data.

Ancient Egypt: A Very Short Introduction

10.1093/actrade/9780198845461.001.0001 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Ian Shaw

Keyword(s):

Cultural Heritage ◽

Arab Spring ◽

Ancient Egypt ◽

Sexual Relations ◽

Writing Systems ◽

Short Introduction ◽

The World ◽

History Of ◽

The Arab Spring ◽

Ancient Egypt: A Very Short Introduction explores the history and culture of pharaonic Egypt, including ideas about Egyptian kingship, religion, ethics, customs, and writing systems. The ancient Egyptians are an enduring source of fascination and mystery; for generations, mummies and pyramids, curses and rituals have captured the imagination. This VSI draws on the latest archaeological discoveries and scholarship on ancient Egypt. It considers issues relating to the history of Egyptology, ethnicity, race, gender, and sexual relations. Moreover, it examines the impact of the Arab Spring on approaches to Egyptian museums and cultural heritage all over the world.

Record-Making, Research, and Removal: Mitigating Impacts on Rock Art in a CRM Context in Southern Africa—the Case of the Metolong Dam, Lesotho

African Archaeological Review ◽

10.1007/s10437-021-09464-4 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Charles Arthur ◽

Peter Mitchell ◽

Lara Mallen ◽

David Pearce ◽

Adelphine Bonneau ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cultural Heritage ◽

Southern Africa ◽

Radiocarbon Dating ◽

Rock Art ◽

Heritage Management ◽

Similar Work ◽

Comprehensive Survey ◽

AbstractThis paper reports on the steps taken to mitigate the impact of the Metolong Dam (Lesotho) on the rock art present within the catchment of its associated reservoir. Mitigation took four major forms: comprehensive survey and documentation, including both photography and tracing; pigment characterization and radiocarbon dating; exploration of the ongoing significance of rock art as a form of living heritage for people living in the vicinity; and removal of selected panels for permanent safekeeping. These steps are placed within the wider context of other cultural heritage management projects in Africa and their success evaluated. Recommendations are made for how similar work should be undertaken in future.

The ‘Messak Project’: Archaeological Research for Cultural Heritage Management in SW Libya

Journal of African Archaeology ◽

10.3213/2191-5784-10231 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 55-74 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Stefano Biagetti ◽

Emanuele Cancellieri ◽

Mauro Cremaschi ◽

Christine Gauthier ◽

Yves Gauthier ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cultural Heritage ◽

Stone Tools ◽

Heritage Management ◽

Mitigation Strategies ◽

Archaeological Sites ◽

Archaeological Research ◽

Human Occupation ◽

Potential Risks ◽

Archaeological Landscape

The Messak plateau contains remarkable evidence of human occupation during prehistoric and historic times, such as rock art engravings, megalithic monuments, and scatters of stone tools. Since 1980 these remains have been heavily affected by oil extraction-related operations, and it has only been over the last decade that these operations were adequately supported by archaeological mitigation strategies. The ‘Messak Project’ was originally conceived as a three-year programme (2010–2012) focusing on a range of co-ordinated actions to increase the knowledge of the area, to assess any damage and potential risks, and to preserve and manage the cultural heritage. Uprisings in Libya led to the sudden interruption of the project in late February 2011. Nevertheless, major results of the projects include: the compilation of a database of circa 10,000 sites, including hundreds of unpublished sites from previous surveys; the discovery of circa 2500 new archaeological sites; and the drawing of a set of GIS-based maps. In this paper we firstly introduce the materials and methods of the ‘Messak Project’, and secondly, we present an updated overview of the archaeological landscape of the Messak in the light of the project’s recent achievements.

Who Benefits from the Past? The Process of Cultural Heritage Management in the Field of Animation in Poland (The Case of the Se-Ma-For Film Studio in Łódź)

Animation ◽

10.1177/1746847719857837 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 14 (2) ◽

pp. 117-131

Author(s):

Ewa Ciszewska

Keyword(s):

Cultural Heritage ◽

Symbolic Capital ◽

Heritage Management ◽

Private Company ◽

Institutional Practices ◽

Management Processes ◽

The Social ◽

Animated Film ◽

With a view to studying the social and institutional practices related to the post-1989 approaches to film animation under socialism, this article addresses the transformation of the state-owned Se-Ma-For Film Studio in Łódź and the private company that later took over its name (the Se-Ma-For Film Company). The chronological scope of the study extends from 1989 to 2016; however, to identify the impact of the 1989 watershed on the animation market in Poland, modalities of operation of animation film studios in state-socialism era are presented. This article addresses the question of which heritage communities work with the memory of the animated film studio in Łódź, as well as the issue of the ways in which cultural heritage management processes have taken place. The article makes the case that the approving attitude towards the organizational and aesthetic values of Poland’s film industry under socialism has become a characteristic feature of strategies leading to the cultural heritage management of Polish film animation from this period. In conclusion, the author asserts that the commercialization of the cultural heritage of the former state-owned studio benefited the economic and symbolic capital of two institutions, the Museum of Cinema and the Se-Ma-For Film Company, as well as the city of Łódź, which branded itself as a city of film.

Et forsvar for hus som har kommet i knestående

Nordlit ◽

10.7557/13.3687 ◽

2015 ◽

pp. 201

Author(s):

Reidar Bertelsen

Keyword(s):

Cultural Heritage ◽

Stable Condition ◽

Professional Staff ◽

Heritage Management ◽

Academic Disciplines ◽

Archaeological Sites ◽

Policy And Practice ◽

Modern Context

Norwegian cultural heritage management is based on a developed and strict legislation. The administration is placed under the Ministry of Environment and the different categories of cultural heritage are handled by a professional staff with different academic backgrounds, relevant to the categories. The ideology of cultural heritage management has changed through time and the present motto is “Vern gjennom bruk” (Protection through use).The legislation, the categories linked to different academic disciplines, the motto and the influence of the demands derived from a modern lifestyle add up to an interesting contrast in the handling of buildings. Priority is given to buildings in a relatively stable condition of decay, called archaeological sites, and to buildings with a potential for use in a modern context after reconstruction, called architectural monuments.Buildings between these two categories, especially those that are in a state of dynamic decay, are in general ignored or destroyed. This paper discusses the resources we overlook by this policy and practice of management. The author argues that an exposure of the process of dynamic decay has a potential for a deeper understanding of both history and cultural heritage.