scholarly journals No effect of resveratrol supplementation after 6 months on insulin sensitivity in overweight adults: a randomized trial

2020 ◽  
Vol 112 (4) ◽  
pp. 1029-1038 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marlies de Ligt ◽  
Maaike Bergman ◽  
Rodrigo Mancilla Fuentes ◽  
Hans Essers ◽  
Esther Moonen-Kornips ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Energy Metabolism ◽  
Physical Performance ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Matsuda Index

ABSTRACT Background Effects of resveratrol on metabolic health have been studied in several short-term human clinical trials, with conflicting results. Next to dose, the duration of the clinical trials may explain the lack of effect in some studies, but long-term studies are still limited. Objectives The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of 6-mo resveratrol supplementation on metabolic health outcome parameters. Methods Forty-one overweight men and women (BMI: 27–35 kg/m2; aged 40–70 y) completed the study. In this parallel-group, double-blind clinical trial, participants were randomized to receive either 150 mg/d of resveratrol (n = 20) or placebo (n = 21) for 6 mo. The primary outcome of the study was insulin sensitivity, using the Matsuda index. Secondary outcome measures were intrahepatic lipid (IHL) content, body composition, resting energy metabolism, blood pressure, plasma markers, physical performance, quality of life, and quality of sleep. Postintervention differences between the resveratrol and placebo arms were evaluated by ANCOVA adjusting for corresponding preintervention variables. Results Preintervention, no differences were observed between the 2 treatment arms. Insulin sensitivity was not affected after 6 mo of resveratrol treatment (adjusted mean Matsuda index: 5.18 ± 0.35 in the resveratrol arm compared with 5.50 ± 0.34 in the placebo arm), although there was a significant difference in postintervention glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) between the arms (P = 0.007). The adjusted means showed that postintervention HbA1c was lower on resveratrol (35.8 ± 0.43 mmol/mol) compared with placebo (37.6 ± 0.44 mmol/mol). No postintervention differences were found in IHL, body composition, blood pressure, energy metabolism, physical performance, or quality of life and sleep between treatment arms. Conclusions After 6 mo of resveratrol supplementation, insulin sensitivity was unaffected in the resveratrol arm compared with the placebo arm. Nonetheless, HbA1c was lower in overweight men and women in the resveratrol arm. This trial was registered at Clinicaltrials.gov as NCT02565979.

scholarly journals Nicotinamide riboside supplementation alters body composition and skeletal muscle acetylcarnitine concentrations in healthy obese humans

2020 ◽  
Vol 112 (2) ◽  
pp. 413-426 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlijn M E Remie ◽  
Kay H M Roumans ◽  
Michiel P B Moonen ◽  
Niels J Connell ◽  
Bas Havekes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Energy Metabolism ◽  
Mitochondrial Function ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Metabolic Health ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Nicotinamide Riboside ◽  
Wet Weight

ABSTRACT Background Nicotinamide riboside (NR) is an NAD+ precursor that boosts cellular NAD+ concentrations. Preclinical studies have shown profound metabolic health effects after NR supplementation. Objectives We aimed to investigate the effects of 6 wk NR supplementation on insulin sensitivity, mitochondrial function, and other metabolic health parameters in overweight and obese volunteers. Methods A randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled, crossover intervention study was conducted in 13 healthy overweight or obese men and women. Participants received 6 wk NR (1000 mg/d) and placebo supplementation, followed by broad metabolic phenotyping, including hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamps, magnetic resonance spectroscopy, muscle biopsies, and assessment of ex vivo mitochondrial function and in vivo energy metabolism. Results Markers of increased NAD+ synthesis—nicotinic acid adenine dinucleotide and methyl nicotinamide—were elevated in skeletal muscle after NR compared with placebo. NR increased body fat-free mass (62.65% ± 2.49% compared with 61.32% ± 2.58% in NR and placebo, respectively; change: 1.34% ± 0.50%, P = 0.02) and increased sleeping metabolic rate. Interestingly, acetylcarnitine concentrations in skeletal muscle were increased upon NR (4558 ± 749 compared with 3025 ± 316 pmol/mg dry weight in NR and placebo, respectively; change: 1533 ± 683 pmol/mg dry weight, P = 0.04) and the capacity to form acetylcarnitine upon exercise was higher in NR than in placebo (2.99 ± 0.30 compared with 2.40 ± 0.33 mmol/kg wet weight; change: 0.53 ± 0.21 mmol/kg wet weight, P = 0.01). However, no effects of NR were found on insulin sensitivity, mitochondrial function, hepatic and intramyocellular lipid accumulation, cardiac energy status, cardiac ejection fraction, ambulatory blood pressure, plasma markers of inflammation, or energy metabolism. Conclusions NR supplementation of 1000 mg/d for 6 wk in healthy overweight or obese men and women increased skeletal muscle NAD+ metabolites, affected skeletal muscle acetylcarnitine metabolism, and induced minor changes in body composition and sleeping metabolic rate. However, no other metabolic health effects were observed. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT02835664

scholarly journals Effectiveness of immunosuppression minimisation, conversion or withdrawal strategies in paediatric solid organ and haematopoietic stem cell transplantation: a protocol of a systematic review and meta-analysis

BMJ Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. e037721
Author(s):  
Carlos Martin Saborido ◽  
Alberto M Borobia ◽  
Javier Cobas ◽  
Lorenzo D'Antiga ◽  
Esteban Frauca ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Graft Versus Host Disease ◽  
Graft Rejection ◽  
Host Disease ◽  
Graft Versus Host ◽  
Acute Graft

IntroductionPaediatric transplantation is the only curative therapeutic procedure for several end-stage rare diseases affecting different organs and body systems, causing altogether great impact in European children’s health and quality of life. Transplanted children shift their primary disease to a chronic condition of immunosuppression to avoid rejection. Longer life expectancy in children poses a greater risk of prolonged and severe side effects related to long-term immunosuppressive (IS) disabilities and secondary cancer susceptibility. The goal remains to find the best combination of IS agents that optimises allograft survival by preventing acute rejection while limiting drug toxicities. This systematic review will aim to determine the optimal IS strategy within the so-called minimisation, conversion or withdrawal strategies.Methods and analysisWe will search the following databases with no language restrictions: Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials in the Cochrane Library, OvidSP Medline and Epub Ahead of Print, In-Process & Other Non-Indexed Citations and Daily; OvidSP Embase Classic+Embase; Ebsco CINAHL Plus, complete database; WHO International Clinical Trials Registry Platform search portal. We will include controlled and uncontrolled clinical trials along with any prospective or retrospective study that includes a universal cohort (all participants from a centre/region/city over a certain period). Cases series and cross-sectional studies are excluded. Two review authors will independently assess the trial eligibility, risk of bias and extract appropriate data points. The outcomes included in this review are: patient survival, acute graft rejection, chronic graft rejection, diabetes, graft function, graft loss, chronic graft versus host disease, acute graft versus host disease, surgical complications, infusion complications, post-transplant lymphoproliferative disease, liver function, renal function, cognition, depression, health-related quality of life, hospitalisation, high blood pressure, low blood pressure, cancer—other, cancer—skin, cardiovascular disease, bacterial infection, Epstein-Barr infection, cytomegalovirus infection, other viral infections and growth.

scholarly journals Low Carb (LCD) and Ketogenic (KD) Diets Increase Quality of Life, Physical Performance, Body Composition and Metabolic Health of Women with Breast Cancer Better Than a Standard Diet (SD)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ulrike Kämmerer ◽  
Rainer J. Klement ◽  
Marc Sütterlin ◽  
Monika Reuss-Borst
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Physical Performance ◽  
Nutritional Intervention ◽  
Diet Group ◽  
Standard Diet ◽  
Rehabilitation Process ◽  
Carb Diet

Abstract Background: Breast Cancer (BC) patients often ask for a healthy diet. Here, we compared three different diets which could support BC patients during the rehabilitation process: a healthy standard diet (SD), a low carb diet (LCD) and a ketogenic diet (KD).Patients and Methods:KOLIBRI was a one-site nutritional intervention trial, combining inpatient and outhouse phases for 20 weeks. Female BC patients (n=152; mean age 51.7 years) could select their diet. Data collected were: quality of life (QoL), spiroergometry, body composition, blood biochemistry. 30, 92 and 30 patients started the KD, LCD and SD, respectively. Of those, 20, 72 and 25 completed the final examination.Results:Patients rated all diets as feasible in daily life. No adverse effects occurred in any diet group. KD offered the highest amount of energy and protein. All groups improved in QoL, body composition and physical performance. KD was superior in improving fatigue, insomnia and physical functioning. KD participants finished with the best physical performance and the highest muscle/fat ratio. Despite their increased cholesterol, KD patients had the best triglyceride/HDL ratio and HOMA-IR. Most metabolic parameters significantly improved in the LCD group. SD participants ended with remarkably low cholesterol levels, but did not improve triglyceride/HDL or HOMA-IR.Conclusions:A well-defined KD and LCD are safe and beneficial for BC. Both diets could thus be recommended for patients wanting to self-support their rehabilitation process.Trial registration IDNCT02092753 Protocol Registration date:02/26/2014Ketogenic Or LOGI Diet In a Breast Cancer Rehabilitation Intervention (KOLIBRI)URL: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02092753?cond=KOLIBRI&draw=2&rank=1

scholarly journals Low Carb and Ketogenic Diets Increase Quality of Life, Physical Performance, Body Composition, and Metabolic Health of Women with Breast Cancer

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 1029
Author(s):  
Ulrike Kämmerer ◽  
Rainer J. Klement ◽  
Fabian T. Joos ◽  
Marc Sütterlin ◽  
Monika Reuss-Borst
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Physical Performance ◽  
Resistance Index ◽  
Standard Diet ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Cholesterol Levels ◽  
Ketogenic Diets

Breast cancer (BC) patients often ask for a healthy diet. Here, we investigated a healthy standard diet (SD), a low carb diet (LCD), and a ketogenic diet (KD) for BC patients during the rehabilitation phase. KOLIBRI was an open-label non-randomized one-site nutritional intervention trial, combining inpatient and outpatient phases for 20 weeks. Female BC patients (n = 152; mean age 51.7 years) could select their diet. Data collected were: Quality of life (QoL), spiroergometry, body composition, and blood parameters. In total 30, 92, and 30 patients started the KD, LCD, and SD, respectively. Of those, 20, 76, and 25 completed the final examination. Patients rated all diets as feasible in daily life. All groups enhanced QoL, body composition, and physical performance. LCD participants showed the most impressive improvement in QoL aspects. KD participants finished with a very good physical performance and muscle/fat ratio. Despite increased cholesterol levels, KD patients had the best triglyceride/high-density lipoprotein (HDL) ratio and homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR). Most metabolic parameters significantly improved in the LCD group. SD participants ended with remarkably low cholesterol levels but did not improve triglyceride/HDL or HOMA-IR. In conclusion, both well-defined KDs and LCDs are safe and beneficial for BC patients and can be recommended during the rehabilitation phase.

scholarly journals Vascular and cognitive effects of cocoa-rich chocolate in postmenopausal women: a study protocol for a randomised clinical trial

BMJ Open ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. e024095 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irene A Garcia-Yu ◽  
Luis Garcia-Ortiz ◽  
Manuel A Gómez-Marcos ◽  
Rosario Alonso-Dominguez ◽  
Jesus Gonzalez-Sanchez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Cognitive Performance ◽  
Vascular Function ◽  
Randomised Clinical Trial ◽  
Normal Diet ◽  
Health Area

IntroductionThe intake of polyphenols has certain health benefits. This study will aim to assess the effect of adding a daily amount of chocolate high in cocoa content and polyphenols to the normal diet on blood pressure, vascular function, cognitive performance, quality of life and body composition in postmenopausal women.Methods and analysisHere we plan a randomised clinical trial with two parallel groups involving a total of 140 women between 50 and 64 years in the postmenopausal period, defined by amenorrhoea of ​​at least 12 consecutive months. The main variable will be the change in blood pressure. Secondary variables will be changes in vascular function, quality of life, cognitive performance and body composition. The intervention group will be given chocolate containing 99% cocoa, with instructions to add 10 g daily to their normal diet for 6 months. The daily nutritional contribution of this amount of chocolate is 59 kcal and 65.4 mg of polyphenols. There will be no intervention in the control group. All variables will be measured at the baseline visit and 3 and 6 months after randomisation, except cognitive performance and quality of life, which will only be assessed at baseline and at 6 months. Recruitment is scheduled to begin on 1 June 2018, and the study will continue until 31 May 2019.Ethics and disseminationThis study was approved by the Clinical Research Ethics Committee of the Health Area of Salamanca, Spain (‘CREC of Health Area of Salamanca’), in February 2018. A SPIRIT checklist is available for this protocol. The clinical trial has been registered at ClinicalTrials.gov provided by the US National Library of Medicine, numberNCT03492983. The results will be disseminated through open access peer-reviewed journals, conference presentations, broadcast media and a presentation to stakeholders.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document