scholarly journals Control of Armyworms on Bell Pepper in West-Central Florida, Fall 1993

1995 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 103-103
Author(s):  
David J. Schuster
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Fine Sand ◽  
Beet Armyworm ◽  
Larval Feeding ◽  
Feeding Damage ◽  
Central Florida ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Fruit Wall ◽  
Pepper Weevil ◽  
Marketable Fruit

Abstract Transplants were set 10 Sep 12 inches apart on 8-inch-high beds of EauGallie fine sand covered with white polyethylene mulch. Each plot consisted of a single row of 12 plants with rows on 5 ft centers. Treatments were replicated 4 times in a randomized complete block design and applied with a 2.5 gal, hand-held CO2-powered sprayer on 28 Sep, 4, 11, 18, 25 Oct, 3, 10, 15, 22, 29 Nov, 6, 13, 20, 27 Dec, 5, 11, 19, and 26 Jan. The sprayer was outfitted with a single nozzle with a D-5 disk and #45 core and delivered 100 gpa at 60 psi. On 22 Oct and 15 Nov, each plot was rated for increasing percentage of defoliation by beet armyworm larvae using the Horsfall-Barratt scale. With this scale, ratings of 1-12 corresponded to 1-100% defoliation. Fruit were harvested on 18, 30, Nov, 9, 23 Dec, 6 Jan, and 2 Feb and the number and weight of undamaged fruit and the number of fruit damaged by beet armyworm larvae were determined, fruit with slight feeding damage only on the stem or calyx were considered marketable. Fruit with any damage on the fruit wall were considered unmarketable. Fruit also were examined for the presence of oviposition scars on the outside of the fruit and for the presence of larval feeding damage on the inside of the fruit caused by the pepper weevil.

scholarly journals Insect Management on Bell Pepper in West-Central Florida, Fall 1994

1996 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 133-133
Author(s):  
David J. Schuster
Keyword(s):  
Fine Sand ◽  
Beet Armyworm ◽  
Larval Feeding ◽  
Feeding Damage ◽  
Insect Management ◽  
Central Florida ◽  
Fruit Wall ◽  
Pepper Weevil ◽  
Marketable Fruit ◽  
Polyethylene Mulch

Abstract Transplants were set 8 Aug, 12 inches apart on 8-inch-high and 32-inch-wide beds of fumigated EauGallie fine sand covered with white polyethylene mulch. Each plot consisted of a single row of 12 plants with rows on 5 ft centers. Treatments were replicated 4 times in a RCB design and sprays were applied with a 2.5 gal, hand-held CO2-powered sprayer on 16, 21, 29 Sept, 7, 13, 20, 27 Oct, 3, 10, 16, 23, 29 Nov, 6 and 13 Dec. The sprayer was outfitted with a single nozzle with a D-5 disk and #45 core and delivered 100 gpa at 60 psi. Granular applications were made just prior to soil fumigation (about 2 weeks prior to planting) in two narrow bands 10 inches on either side of bed centers. On 5-6 Oct, each plant in each plot was inspected for small (≤0.5 inch long) and large (0.5 inch long) beet armyworm larvae. On 3 Nov, each plot was rated by two persons for increasing percentage of defoliation by beet armyworm larvae using the Horsfall-Barratt system. With this system, ratings of 1-12 corresponded to 1-100% defoliation. The ratings were averaged prior to analysis. Fruit were harvested on 2, 21 Nov, 14 and 19 Dec and the number and weight of undamaged fruit and the number of fruit damaged by beet armyworm larvae were determined. Fruit with slight feeding damage only on the stem or calyx were considered marketable. Fruit with either slight or severe damage on the fruit wall were considered unmarketable. Fruit also were examined for the presence of oviposition scars on the outside of the fruit and for the presence of larval feeding damage on the inside of the fruit caused by the pepper weevil. On 16 Dec, each plot was sampled by dislodging the insects from the tops of five plants with a 12 inch garden stake into the bottom of a rectangular cake pan painted black and coated with a thin film of vegetable oil. The numbers of pepper weevil adults, armyworm larvae, predator adults and immatures, and aphids were counted. The numbers of predators were totaled over all species since few of any one species were present.

Armyworm and Pepper Weevil Control on Bell Pepper in West-Central Florida, Spring 1995

1996 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 134-135
Author(s):  
David J. Schuster
Keyword(s):  
Fine Sand ◽  
Beet Armyworm ◽  
Larval Feeding ◽  
Feeding Damage ◽  
Severe Damage ◽  
Central Florida ◽  
Fruit Wall ◽  
Pepper Weevil ◽  
Marketable Fruit ◽  
Polyethylene Mulch

Abstract Transplants were set 14 Mar, 12 inches apart on 8-inch-high and 32-inch-wide beds of EauGallie fine sand covered with white polyethylene mulch. Each plot consisted of a single row of 10 plants with rows on 5 ft centers. Treatments were replicated 4 times in a RCB design and were applied with a 2.5 gal, hand-held CO2-powered sprayer on 7, 13, 20 Apr, 4, 11, 18, 25 May, 1, 9, 14, 21, 29 Jun and 6 July. The sprayer was outfitted with a single nozzle with a D-5 disk and #45 core and delivered 100 gpa at 60 psi. The Neemix 4.5% formulation was inadvertently substituted for the 0.25% formulation for the first three applications. On 16 May, each plot was rated 1 to 12 for increasing defoliation due to armyworm feeding using the Horsfall-Barratt scale. Fruit were harvested on 24 May, 12, 26 Jun and 10 July and the number and weight of undamaged fruit and the number of fruit damaged by beet armyworm larvae were determined. Fruit with slight feeding damage only on the stem or calyx were considered marketable. Fruit with either slight or severe damage on the fruit wall were considered unmarketable. Fruit also were examined for the presence of oviposition scars on the outsides of the fruit and for the presence of larval feeding damage on the insides of the fruit caused by the pepper weevil.

scholarly journals Phosphorus Fertility in the Strawberry Nursery

HortScience ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 612b-612
Author(s):  
Earl E. Albregts ◽  
C. K. Chandler
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Soil P ◽  
Central Florida ◽  
P Content ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Nursery Production ◽  
P Rate ◽  
Rate Study ◽  
Marketable Size ◽  
Leaf P

The phosphorus content is usually high in soils on which strawberry production occurs in west central Florida because of moderate P levels in the virgin soil and yearly applications of P by the growers. A P rate study was conducted to test the calibration of P for strawberry nursery production, and a randomized complete block design with four replicates was used. Rates of 0, 11, 22, and 33 kg/ha P were applied to a Seffner sand which had an initial soil P level of 86 mg/kg using the Mehlich II soil extractant. Soil tests routinely show P soil concentrations up to 250 mg/kg or greater with 86 mg/kg rated in the high range. In this study the P applied to the beds was cultivated into the soil and six plants of two strawberry clones (Fl 87-210 and Fl 85-4925) were set in each plot on 28 May 1991. All nutrients except P were applied as needed during the season. Leaf P content of daughter plants on 20 Aug 1991 varied from 0.23 to 0.25% among P treatments and were not different because of P rates. All marketable size daughter plants were harvested on 8 Oct 1991. The number, total wt, and average wt of daughter plants were not different because of applied P rates.

scholarly journals Productivity and Fruit Quality Influenced by Bioestimulant in Olive under Hot and Arid Environment of Mexico

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Raúl Leonel Grijalva- Contreras ◽  
Rubén Macías- Duarte ◽  
Arturo López- Carvajal ◽  
Fabián Robles- Contreras ◽  
Manuel de Jesús Valenzuela- Ruiz
Keyword(s):  
Irrigation System ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Olive Tree ◽  
Fruit Trees ◽  
Arid Environment ◽  
Fruit Production ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
First Year ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Marketable Fruit

Actually modern fruit trees physiology is focused on the stimulation of plant cell development and fruit production using bioestimulant. This study evaluated the effect of bioestimulant ‘Engordone’ under two doses (0.5 and 1.0 L ha-1) and two times (pea-size fruit and 28 days later) in olive tree cv Manzanilla under hot and arid environment of Mexico. The experiment was carried out during 2018 and 2019 at National Research Institute for Forestry, Agriculture and Livestock (INIFAP) in the Experimental Station Coast of Hermosillo, Sonora, Mexico. The experiment was carried out on olive tree of eight years old, planted at distance of 10 x 5 m (200 trees ha-1) and under drip irrigation system. The experiment was analyzed using a randomized complete block design and four replications. The variables evaluated were olive yield, classification by size and fruit characteristics (fruit weight and pulp-pit ratio). The results showed that bioestimulant application had little effect on olive yield which increased the yield by 14.1 and 6.5% in 2018 and 2019, respectively compared to untreated trees, but without statistical difference. Fruit characteristic were no affected by treatments. Only the percentage of non-marketable fruit was statistically (P<0.05) reduced in the first year. Finally, new biostimulants and times of application are necessary to carried out to improve the size of table olives.

scholarly journals Participatory Evaluation of Some Tomato Genotypes for Resistance to Bacterial Wilt

2014 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 50-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ram D. Timila ◽  
Sharada Joshi
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Wilt ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Fruit Size ◽  
Participatory Evaluation ◽  
Resistant Variety ◽  
Bacterial Wilt Disease ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Marketable Fruit ◽  
Development Center

Bacterial wilt caused by Ralstonia solanacearum E.F. Smith is one of the destructive diseases of tomato. Experiments were conducted to confirm the resistance and to evaluate varieties received from Asian Vegetable Research and Development Center against bacterial wilt disease in the farmers’ bacterial wilt sick fields at Thaiba and at Panchkhal during 1999 and 2000-2001 respectively. A total of five varieties such as CLN 2026 C, CLN 2026 D, CLN 1466 J, CLN 1466 P and susceptible check Lapsigede or L 390 were included in the experiments. Randomized complete block design with 4 replications was commenced at both the locations. In terms of disease incidence and yield parameters as well as consumers’ preference on the fruit size, CLN 2026 C was found the best variety followed by CLN 2026 D. Wilt incidence was significantly lower in those varieties showing resistant reaction than in susceptible check. However, the marketable fruit yields were significantly higher with low wilt incidences in CLN 1466 P and CLN 1466 J also compared to susceptible check. But the large fruit size of those varieties was not acceptable to the consumers and the  growers. Thus, CLN 2026 C and CLN 2026 D could be used as resistant variety to minimize crop losses from bacterial wilt disease.Nepal Agric. Res. J. Vol. 8, 2007, pp. 50-55DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/narj.v8i0.11580

scholarly journals Produtividade de tomate orgânico cultivado em diferentes ambientes e níveis de insumos

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 44
Author(s):  
Gisley Karoline Emerick Bitancourt Alves ◽  
Antônio Carlos Simões ◽  
Regina Lúcia Félix Ferreira ◽  
Sebastião Elviro Araújo Neto
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Fruit Yield ◽  
Marketable Yield ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Ecological Farming ◽  
Field Environment ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Tomato Cultivars ◽  
Marketable Fruit ◽  
Fruit Mass

A importância alimentar do tomate orgânico aliado a sua baixa produção na Amazônia e a necessidade de baixo uso de insumos para seu cultivo ecológico o objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a produtividade de cultivares de tomate orgânico cultivado em campo e ambiente protegido com alto e baixo nível de insumos. Os experimentos foram conduzidos em ambiente protegido e campo, ambos no delineamento em blocos casualizados completos, em esquema de parcelas subdivididas 2 x 3, sendo a parcela principal composta por dois níveis de insumos e a subparcela pelas cultivares copa (Santa Kruz Kada, IPA 6 e Santa Clara), com cinco repetições de cinco plantas cada. As variáveis avaliadas foram: massa média de frutos total e comercial (g fruto-1), número de frutos total e comercial por planta, produtividade total e comercial de frutos (kg ha-1). A cultivar IPA 6 em cultivo protegido exigiu maior uso de insumos para aumentar a massa média de fruto total e comercial, produtividade total e comercial, em campo pode se utilizar baixo nível de insumo. O alto uso de insumos é necessário para aumentar a produtividade total e comercial para a cv. Santa Clara em cultivo à campo, ambiente que também necessita de alto uso de insumos para aumentar a massa média de fruto total e comercial a produtividade comercial da cultivar Santa Kruz. Productivity of organic tomato grown in different environments and levels of inputsAbstract: The importance of organic tomato feed associated with their low production in the Amazon and the need for low input to its ecological farming the objective of this study was to evaluate the productivity of organic tomato cultivars grown in field and greenhouse with high and low level inputs. The experiments were conducted under greenhouse and field conditions, both in randomized complete block design comprising plots subdivided into subplots. The plots encompassed of two levels of inputs, while the subplots contained the (Santa Kruz Kada, 6 and IPA Santa Clara), with five replicates of five plants each. The variables evaluated were: total fruit mass and marketable fruit mass (g fruit-1), number of total and marketable fruit per plant, total and marketable fruit yield (kg ha-1). The cultivar IPA 6 in greenhouse demanded greater use of inputs to increase the total and marketable fruit mass, total and marketable yield in field can be used for low level input. The high use of inputs is necessary to increase the total and marketable yield for cv. Santa Clara in the growing field, environment which also requires high use of inputs to increase the total and marketable fruit mass, marketable fruit yield of cultivar Santa Kruz.

scholarly journals Participatory Varietal Evaluation of Rainy Season Tomato under Plastic House Condition

1970 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 11-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
YR Pandey ◽  
AB Pun ◽  
KP Upadhyuy
Keyword(s):  
Rainy Season ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Fruit Yield ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Research Journal ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Hybrid Variety ◽  
Marketable Fruit ◽  
House Condition

Four tomato varieties namely LTH-61, Avinash-2, NSITH-162 and BL-410 were evaluated infarmer's field with farmers participation under plastic house condition for yield potential andother yield characters at Hemja, Kaski (920 masl) during rainy seasons of two consecutive years2002 and 2003. The experiment was arranged in randomized complete block design with 5replications, farmer as a replication. NSITH-162 took the shortest period of days to floweringand first harvest with an average of 36 and 66 days after transplanting respectively. Fruit setafter flowering was highest in NSITH-162 (93.9%) and the lowest in Avinash-2 (83.1%).NSITH-162 produced the highest marketable fruit yield (89.05 t/ha) and Avinash-2 produced thelowest (51.98 t/ha). The results of the experiment revealed that the hybrid varieties NSITH-162and LTH-61 have more yield potentiality than open pollinated variety BL-410 and Avinash-2 anIndian hybrid variety and therefore NSITH-162 variety could be recommended for commercialproduction under plastic house condition.Key words: Participatory; plastic house; rainy season; tomatoDOI: 10.3126/narj.v7i0.1860Nepal Agriculture Research Journal Vol.7 2006 pp.11-15

scholarly journals Control of Lepidopterous Larvae in Sweet Corn, 1994

1995 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-85
Author(s):  
R. E. Foster ◽  
W. G. Buhler
Keyword(s):  
Sweet Corn ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Insect Damage ◽  
Feeding Damage ◽  
Hollow Cone ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Over The Top ◽  
High Clearance

Abstract This test was conducted at the O’Neall Memorial Farm, Lafayette, Indiana. The sweet corn variety ‘Bodacious’ was planted 1 Jul in 30 inch rows. Each plot consisted of four rows by 50 feet long, arranged in a randomized complete block design with four replications. Insecticides were applied on 15, 22, 26, and 29 Aug. Treatments on the first two dates coincided with the occurrence of row tassel and the beginning of silk, respectively. Insecticides were applied with a high clearance sprayer operating at 40 psi and delivering 12 gal/acre of finished spray. There were three hollow cone nozzles per row, with one nozzle over the top of the row and one nozzle on each side of the row directed toward the ear zone. Evaluations were made at harvest on 12 Sep by examining twenty-five ears from each plot for the presence of larvae and feeding damage. Each ear was rated as clean (no insect damage), marketable (damage limited to terminal one inch of the ear), or unmarketable (damage extended beyond the terminal inch of the ear).

scholarly journals Control of Corn Rootworm Larvae in South Dakota Using Planting-Time Soil Insecticide Applications, 1993

1994 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 188-188
Author(s):  
M. A. Boetel ◽  
B. W. Fuller ◽  
J. M. Jenson
Keyword(s):  
South Dakota ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Individual Treatment ◽  
Corn Rootworm ◽  
Feeding Damage ◽  
Insecticide Application ◽  
Planting Time ◽  
Application Rates ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design

Abstract Three studies were conducted at 3 SD sites (Delmont, Garretson, and Sinai) to evaluate insecticide application rates and techniques (hand and in-furrow) for control of NCR and WCR larvae. A randomized complete block design with 4 replications was used in these studies. Individual treatment plots were single 15.25 m long rows spaced 96.5 cm apart. Insecticide granules were applied with modified, ground-driven Noble metering units mounted on a specially-adapted Kinze 4-row corn planter. Metering units were calibrated on the planter prior to insecticide applications. Banded treatments were applied in an 18 cm swath in front of the furrow-closing wheels, and incorporated by the wheels and drag chains. In-furrow applications consisted of directing granules immediately between double disk furrow openers. Corn was seeded at 23,000 kernels per acre at all locations. Five roots per replicate were dug for each treatment. Roots were then washed, examined for feeding damage, and rated using the Iowa 1 to 6 scale.

scholarly journals Foliar Sprays for Insect Control in Tomatoes, 1993

1994 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 154-154
Author(s):  
John Speese
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Evaluation Criteria ◽  
Insect Control ◽  
Eastern Shore ◽  
Agricultural Experiment Station ◽  
Hollow Cone ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Agricultural Experiment ◽  
Living Leaf ◽  
Marketable Fruit

Abstract Tomatoes were transplanted on 23 Jul at the Eastern Shore Agricultural Experiment Station, Painter, VA. Each plot consisted of a 25 ft. row, bordered on each side by an untreated guard row, and replicated 4 times in a randomized, complete block design. Spacing was 5 ft. between rows. Sprays were applied weekly beginning 20 Aug through 23 Sep using a 3 nozzle hollow cone boom backpack sprayer delivering 45 gal water/acre at 40 psi. Evaluation criteria consisted of counts of new or living leaf mines present on five marked plants/plot on the dates indicated in the table, and number of marketable fruit from the same five plants harvested on 8 and 22 Sep.

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