scholarly journals Control of Corn Rootworm Larvae in South Dakota Using Planting-Time Soil Insecticide Applications, 1993

1994 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 188-188
Author(s):  
M. A. Boetel ◽  
B. W. Fuller ◽  
J. M. Jenson
Keyword(s):  
South Dakota ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Individual Treatment ◽  
Corn Rootworm ◽  
Feeding Damage ◽  
Insecticide Application ◽  
Planting Time ◽  
Application Rates ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design

Abstract Three studies were conducted at 3 SD sites (Delmont, Garretson, and Sinai) to evaluate insecticide application rates and techniques (hand and in-furrow) for control of NCR and WCR larvae. A randomized complete block design with 4 replications was used in these studies. Individual treatment plots were single 15.25 m long rows spaced 96.5 cm apart. Insecticide granules were applied with modified, ground-driven Noble metering units mounted on a specially-adapted Kinze 4-row corn planter. Metering units were calibrated on the planter prior to insecticide applications. Banded treatments were applied in an 18 cm swath in front of the furrow-closing wheels, and incorporated by the wheels and drag chains. In-furrow applications consisted of directing granules immediately between double disk furrow openers. Corn was seeded at 23,000 kernels per acre at all locations. Five roots per replicate were dug for each treatment. Roots were then washed, examined for feeding damage, and rated using the Iowa 1 to 6 scale.

scholarly journals Preplant-Incorporated Insecticide Treatments to Manage Northern and Western Corn Rootworm Larvae in Eastern South Dakota, 1994

1995 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 161-161
Author(s):  
M. A. Boetel ◽  
B. W. Fuller ◽  
J. M. Jensen ◽  
D. J. Thompson
Keyword(s):  
South Dakota ◽  
Granular Materials ◽  
Linear Models ◽  
Western Corn Rootworm ◽  
Corn Rootworm ◽  
Feeding Damage ◽  
Insecticide Application ◽  
Corn Seed ◽  
Application Methods ◽  
Scale Data

Abstract Cornfields were chosen at Aurora and Cavour South Dakota based on corn rootworm egg and adult surveys. Therefore, offering the potential for significant larval pressures during this study. The experiment was conducted to compare efficacy of preplant-incorporation (PPI) with traditional planting-time insecticide application methods (banded or in-furrow) for controlling rootworm larvae. The PPI treatments were applied using a hand-held spray boom equipped with 4 Teejet 8002 nozzles spaced 46 cm apart. Delivery rate was 20 gpa at 25 psi while travelling at 3 mph. Immediately following liquid applications, the soil was tilled with a tandem disk harrow at a 5 to 8 cm depth for insecticide incorporation. Granular materials were applied using Noble metering units on an adapted Kinze 4-row corn planter using band or in-furrow insecticide placement methods. Metering units were calibrated on the planter prior to insecticide applications. Treatment plots (15.25 m long rows spaced 96.5 cm apart) were arranged in a RCBD with 4 replications. Band treatments were applied in an 18-cm swath in front of the furrow-closing wheels, and incorporated by the wheels and drag chains. In-furrow applications consisted of directing granules immediately between double-disk furrow openers. Pioneer TR-3751’ (100-day) corn seed was planted at approximately 23,000 kernels per acre at each location. Five roots per replicate were dug, washed, examined for feeding damage and rated using the Iowa 1 to 6 scale. Data were analyzed with SAS’s General Linear Models procedure, and means were compared using DMRT.

scholarly journals Control of Armyworms on Bell Pepper in West-Central Florida, Fall 1993

1995 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 103-103
Author(s):  
David J. Schuster
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Fine Sand ◽  
Beet Armyworm ◽  
Larval Feeding ◽  
Feeding Damage ◽  
Central Florida ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Fruit Wall ◽  
Pepper Weevil ◽  
Marketable Fruit

Abstract Transplants were set 10 Sep 12 inches apart on 8-inch-high beds of EauGallie fine sand covered with white polyethylene mulch. Each plot consisted of a single row of 12 plants with rows on 5 ft centers. Treatments were replicated 4 times in a randomized complete block design and applied with a 2.5 gal, hand-held CO2-powered sprayer on 28 Sep, 4, 11, 18, 25 Oct, 3, 10, 15, 22, 29 Nov, 6, 13, 20, 27 Dec, 5, 11, 19, and 26 Jan. The sprayer was outfitted with a single nozzle with a D-5 disk and #45 core and delivered 100 gpa at 60 psi. On 22 Oct and 15 Nov, each plot was rated for increasing percentage of defoliation by beet armyworm larvae using the Horsfall-Barratt scale. With this scale, ratings of 1-12 corresponded to 1-100% defoliation. Fruit were harvested on 18, 30, Nov, 9, 23 Dec, 6 Jan, and 2 Feb and the number and weight of undamaged fruit and the number of fruit damaged by beet armyworm larvae were determined, fruit with slight feeding damage only on the stem or calyx were considered marketable. Fruit with any damage on the fruit wall were considered unmarketable. Fruit also were examined for the presence of oviposition scars on the outside of the fruit and for the presence of larval feeding damage on the inside of the fruit caused by the pepper weevil.

scholarly journals Planting Time Effect on Quality Seed Production of Three Varieties of Carrot (Daucus Carota L.)

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 23-34
Author(s):  
Lutfunnahar ◽  
MF Hossain ◽  
MA Malek ◽  
R Kamrunnahar ◽  
J Hossain
Keyword(s):  
Seed Production ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Time Effect ◽  
Cool Temperature ◽  
Treatment Combination ◽  
Planting Time ◽  
Daucus Carota L ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Carrot Seed

Crop management like planting time is a crucial factor for maximizing yield especially for seed production. Seed production of carrot is greatly influenced by temperature as it requires adequate periods of cool temperature (vernalization) for flowering and seed production. To find out optimum planting time of carrot steckling for quality seed production the experiment was conducted at the Field Laboratory of Horticulture Farm, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh during the period from October 2015 to May 2016.Three planting time viz. 05 January, 15 January and 25 January on the seed production of three carrot varieties viz. BA (Brasillia Agroflora), PA (Prima Agroflora) and NK (New Kuroda) which constituted 9 treatment combinations were included in the experiment. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. Planting time had significant effect on most of the parameters studied. The January 05 planting of steckling gave the highest seed yield (527.92 kg ha-1) and the lowest was in January 25 planting of steckling (314.75 kg ha-1). Among the varieties BA gave the highest seed yield (448.73 kg ha-1) and the lowest yield for New Kuroda (395.35 kgha-1.) Considering interaction of planting time and variety the highest seed yield (572.37 kg ha-1) was obtained from the treatment combination of early planting (05 January) with the variety of BA and the lowest (279.77 kg ha-1) was recorded from the late planting (25 January) in variety PA. Hence, BA carrot variety planting on 5 January may be recommended for carrot seed production in Mymensingh region in Bangladesh. Bangladesh Agron. J. 2020, 23(2): 23-34

scholarly journals Evaluation of Planting-Time Soil Insecticide Applications for Controlling Corn Rootworm Larvae in South Dakota, 1994

1995 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 167-167
Author(s):  
B. W. Fuller ◽  
M. A. Boetel ◽  
M. A. Catangui ◽  
J. M. Jenson ◽  
D. J. Thompson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
South Dakota ◽  
Linear Models ◽  
Delivery Systems ◽  
Individual Treatment ◽  
Corn Rootworm ◽  
Corn Seed ◽  
Efficacy Trials ◽  
Root Injury ◽  
Design For All

Abstract Efficacy trials were conducted at 5 locations (Aurora, Bruce, Cavour, Delmont, and Garretson) in SD. Individual treatment plots consisted of single rows, 12.2 m to 15.2 m in length, and spaced 96.5 cm apart. Experimental design for all studies was a RCB with 4 replications. Granular insecticide formulations were applied with modified Noble metering units mounted on a specially-adapted Kinze 4-row corn planter. Metering units were ground-driven, and all units were calibrated on the planter. Liquid insecticides were applied using CO2-powered delivery systems individually mounted on each row of the planter. Each system was calibrated to deliver 20 gpa. Banded insecticide treatments (granular or liquid) were applied in an 18-cm swath over the open seed furrow (T-band) in front of the furrow-closing wheels, and were incorporated by the wheels and drag chains. Infurrow treatments were placed directly between double-disk furrow openers and into the open seed furrow. Pioneer IR-3751 (100-day) corn seed was planted at a rate of 23,000 kernels per acre at all study locations. Five roots per replication were dug, washed, and rated using the Iowa 1 to 6 scale to measure rootworm larval damage. Root injury ratings were recorded and analyzed using SAS’s General Linear Models procedure, and DMRT was used to compare treatment means.

scholarly journals 450 Late-Breaking: Effects of bedding on feedlot receiving phase growth performance in beef steers during the winter in eastern South Dakota

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 141-142
Author(s):  
Dathan Smerchek ◽  
Zachary K Smith
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Rate ◽  
South Dakota ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Beef Steers ◽  
Phase Growth ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Daily Gain

Abstract Two-hundred and forty English × Continental beef steers (initial BW=365 kg [SD 22.5]) were used in a randomized complete block design to evaluate the effects of bedding application during a 36 d feedlot receiving phase on growth performance and efficiency during winter. Steers were allotted to 30 pens (n = 8 steers/pen) at the Ruminant Nutrition Center in Brookings, SD and pens were assigned to 1 of 2 treatments: 1) No bedding applied (NO) or 2) 1.8 kg (as-is basis) of wheat straw bedding/steer/d (BED). Due to the logistics of acquiring, weighing, and timely feeding of steers, the first 9 pen replicates began on test 14 d prior (begin: January 15, 2019 and end: February 20, 2019) to the last 6 pen replicates (begin: January 29, 2019 and end: March 6, 2019). Pen was the experimental unit; an α of 0.05 determined significance. Daily ambient temperature (n = 50) averaged -14.7°C [SD 5.63] and wind-chill (n = 50) averaged -17.7°C [SD 6.40]. Initial BW (365 vs. 365 ± 0.5 kg) and dry matter intake (8.19 vs. 8.22 ± 0.047 kg) did not differ (P ≥ 0.57) between NO and BED. End BW was greater for BED (P = 0.01; 419 vs. 402 ± 1.09 kg) compared to NO. Steers from BED had increased average daily gain (P = 0.01) by 48.0% and gain:feed (P = 0.01) by 49.2% over NO. Using tabular ingredient energy values and observed steer performance shrunk 4%, relative adjustments to metabolic rate were calculated. Estimated metabolic rate was elevated (P = 0.01) for NO (0.146 vs. 0.104 ± 0.0032 Mcal/BW0.75, kg). Bedding improves feedlot receiving phase growth and efficiency in eastern South Dakota during the winter. Under the environmental conditions of this experiment, steers have a 40.4% increased metabolic rate when bedding is not used and steers in bedded pens had a 35.1% increase in metabolic rate compared to (0.077 Mcal/BW0.75, kg).

scholarly journals Green Peach Aphid Control with Foliar Sprays, 1997

1998 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 134-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert L. Stoltz ◽  
Nancy A. Matteson
Keyword(s):  
Green Peach Aphid ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Individual Treatment ◽  
Row Spacing ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Aphid Control ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Untreated Check ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Extension Center

Abstract Experimental plots were established on the UI Research and Extension Center, Kimberly, Idaho. Potatoes were planted on 28 Apr and irrigated by solid set sprinkler. The soil type was Portneuf silt loam. Seven treatments and one untreated check plot were replicated four times in a randomized complete block design. Individual treatment plots were 4 rows (36-inch row spacing) wide by 25 ft long with 5-ft alleyways separating the plots. Green peach aphids were mass reared on greenhouse mustard plants (Brassica juncea L. ‘Florida Broadleaf’) for release into individual plots. Aphid releases were made into test plots on 14 Jun. A total of four heavily infested leaves were used to inoculate each plot. Treatment sprays were broadcast applied using a CO2-pressurized backpack sprayer (30 psi) and delivering 20 gal finished S per acre (four, 10X hollow-cone nozzles). Aphid counts were made by non-destructively sampling leaves at random from the top, middle, and bottom sections of plants in the center two rows of each plot. The data collected and presented is the total no. of aphids per 20 leaves. On 25 Jun a pre-treatment count was made and all treatments were applied later that d. Data was analyzed using ANOVA and Newman-Keuls multiple means comparison (Significance Level P = 0.05).

scholarly journals Planting-Time Insecticide Applications to Control Corn Rootworm Larvae in South Dakota, 1992

1994 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 186-186
Author(s):  
M. A. Boetel ◽  
B. W. Fuller ◽  
J. M. Jenson ◽  
W. W. Chambers
Keyword(s):  
South Dakota ◽  
Corn Rootworm ◽  
Planting Time

scholarly journals 294 Effects of bedding application on growth performance and carcass traits in finishing beef steers during the winter and spring in eastern South Dakota

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 143-143
Author(s):  
Dathan Smerchek ◽  
Zachary K Smith
Keyword(s):  
South Dakota ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Concrete Surface ◽  
Dry Matter Intake ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Beef Steers ◽  
Phase Growth ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design

Abstract Two-hundred and forty Continental × English beef steers (allotment BW = 365 kg [SD 22.5]) were used in a randomized complete block design feedlot study to evaluate the effects of bedding application during the finishing phase. Steers were allotted to 30 concrete surface pens (n = 8 steers/pen) at the Ruminant Nutrition Center (RNC) in Brookings, SD. A common diet was fed that contained 2.09 Mcal/kg of NEm and 1.39 Mcal/kg of NEg and provided 30 g/ton of monensin sodium to diet DM. Pens were assigned to 1 of 2 treatments: 1) No bedding applied (NO) or 2) 1.8 kg (as-is basis) of wheat straw bedding/steer/d (BED). The first 9 pen replicates began on test 14 d prior to the last 6 pen replicates. Pen was the experimental unit; an α of 0.05 determined significance. This study was part of a factorial experiment that included steroidal implant. No interactions were detected (P ≥ 0.09). Daily ambient temperature (n = 183) averaged 4.33°C [SD 3.21] during the study. Dry matter intake was increased (P = 0.01) by 5.8% in BED compared to NO. Carcass-adjusted ADG (P = 0.01) and G:F (P = 0.01) were increased in BED by 21.0% and 14.4%, respectively. Carcass-adjusted final BW and HCW tended to differ (P ≤ 0.07) between NO and BED. Cattle from NO required an additional 35 days to achieve similar final live BW. Rib eye area (P = 0.69) did not differ between NO and BED. Dressing percentage (P = 0.01; 63.29 vs. 62.30 ± 0.410%), backfat (P = 0.01; 1.19 vs. 1.09 ± 0.410 cm), marbling (P = 0.01; 475 vs. 437 ± 6.6), and yield grade (P = 0.03; 2.95 vs. 2.81 ± 0.045) were increased in NO. Estimated metabolic rate was elevated (P = 0.02; 0.0995 vs. 0.0948 ± 0.013 Mcal/BW0.75, kg), for NO vs. BED. Bedding improved feedlot finishing phase growth performance and gain efficiency during finishing in eastern South Dakota.

scholarly journals Effects of Planting Time and Spacing on the Growth and Yield of Carrot Under Dry Land Condition at Bina, Mymensingh

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 373-382
Author(s):  
Md Shamsul Alam ◽  
Md Rafiqul Islam ◽  
Md Kamruzzaman ◽  
Khondakar Sumsul Arefin ◽  
Md Nazmul Hasan Mehedi
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Combined Effect ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Plant Spacing ◽  
Dry Land ◽  
Planting Time ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Land Condition ◽  
Number Of Leaves

An experiment was conducted at the Horticulture Farm of the Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture (BINA), Mymensingh, Bangladesh during the period from November, 2018 to April, 2019 to study the effects of planting time and spacing on the growth and yield of carrots under dry land condition at BINA, Mymensingh. Five different planting times viz. November 10, November 20, November 30, December 10 and December 20 and four different spacing’s of 25× 20 cm, 20× 20 cm, 15× 15 cm and 10× 10 cm were used . This experiment was laid out in randomized complete block design with three replications. Planting time showed significant effects on the growth and yield of carrot in respect of plant height, number of leaves, fresh and dry weights of leaves and roots, length ad diameter of roots, gross and marketable yields of carrot. The highest marketable yields (39.70 t/ha) was obtained from November 20 planting, whereas the lowest yields (25.02 t/ha) from December 20 planting. Plant spacing also significantly influenced on all the mentioned parameters. The highest marketable yields (34.95 t/ha) was observed from the closest spacing of 10× 10 cm. In respect of combined effect, November 20 planting with the closest spacing of 10× 10 cm produced significantly the highest marketable (42.29 t/ha) yields of carrot. Res. Agric., Livest. Fish.7(3): 373-382,  December 2020

scholarly journals DAMPAK APLIKASI INSEKTISIDA PERMETRIN TERHADAP HAMA PENGISAP BIJAIJ HELOPELTIS SPP. (HEMIPTERA: MIRIDAE) DAN ARTROPODA NON-TARGET PADA PERTANAMAN KAKAO (THEOBROMA CACAO L.)

2004 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 8-12
Author(s):  
Rosma Hasibuan ◽  
I Gede Swibawa ◽  
Lestari Wibowo ◽  
Sudi Pramono ◽  
Agus M Hariri
Keyword(s):  
Theobroma Cacao ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Control Plant ◽  
Insecticide Application ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Important Pest ◽  
Four Blocks ◽  
And Control ◽  
Theobroma Cacao L ◽  
Cocoa Plantation

Impact of Permethrin-Insecticide Application on Mirid Pest of Cocoa Helopeltis spp. (Hemiptera: Miridae) and on Non-target  Arthropods in Cocoa Plantations (Theobroma cacao L.). Cocoa mirid bugs, Helopeltis spp., (Hemiptera: Miridae) are the most important pest of cocoa in Indonesia. A field study was conducted to investigate the effect of permethrin on cocoa mirids and non-target arthropods at a cocoa plantation in specific place. A randomized complete block design was used in which each of four blocks consisted of 5 treatments (4 concentrations of permethrin; 50; 100; 200; and 250 ppm and control). The results indicated that the application of permethrin significantly increased the cocoa mirids mortaliiy throughout all sprayed cocoa trees (up to 100% 72 h after application). Even at 1 h after application, the percentage of Cocoa mirids mortality 29.2% - 53.9%) on cocoa trees sprayed with permethrin at concentrations of 50 - 250 ppm was significantly higher than that on control plant (3.6%). At 72 h after treatments, application of permethrin at concentrations of 200 and 250 ppm caused a complete kill (mortalty of 100%) in the test mirids. Meanwhile, ground cloths caught at least 22 fanilies of abore-ground arthropods that were found killed by permethrin applications. Moreover, the number of non-target arthropods killed by permethrin at concentrations of 100 - 250 ppm (27.3 - 85.3 individuals/ground cloth) were signifcantly higher than that on control trees. These results demonstrated that despite high efficacy of permethrin in controlling of cocoa mirids (Hetopeltis spp.), its application also had adverse effects on non-target arthropods incocoa plantations.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document