scholarly journals Impact of Insecticides Alone and in Rotation on Tomato Pinworm, Leafminer and Beneficial Arthro-Pods on Staked Tomato, 1997

1998 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 162-165 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. A. Stansly ◽  
J. M. Conner
Keyword(s):  
Disease Control ◽  
Methyl Bromide ◽  
Polyethylene Film ◽  
Trap Catch ◽  
Hollow Cone ◽  
Sticky Traps ◽  
Untreated Check ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Marketable Fruit ◽  
Tomato Pinworm

Abstract Greenhouse-raised tomato seedings were planted 18 inches apart on 4 sets of 3 subirrigated beds, 32 inches wide and 240 ft long, on 12 Mar. Beds were fumigated with a 67/33% mixture of methyl bromide and chloropicrin at a rate of 220 lb acre, fertilized, and covered with black polyethylene film mulch. The middle ‘inoculum’ row of each 3-bed set was left untreated. The remaining 2 beds in each set were divided into 8 plots about 30 ft long to accommodate 14 treatments and untreated check in a RCB design replicated 4 times. Plants were sprayed weekly with a combination of Maneb 80 WP at 1 lb/acre plus Kocide 101 at 3 lb/acre for disease control. Two wing-type sticky traps, baited with TPW pheromone (Scentry) lures placed in the field to monitor the pinworm population, showed peaks on four dates 3,4, 25 Apr and 2 May when the daily trap catch was 21, 26, 30, and 32, respectively. All other dates had a daily trap average of less than 10. Pre-treatment means of 20.5 LM and 3.4 PW mines/plant were recorded on 11 Apr. Seven weekly treatments were applied from 14 Apr through 30 May using a high-clearance sprayer with 2 booms fitted with “yellow” Albuz® hollow-cone nozzles operating at a pressure of 200 psi. The first 2 applications used 4 nozzles, 2 per boom, to deliver 42 gpa and the last five used 6 nozzles for 65 gpa. Three treatments con-sisted of SpinTor applied for 2 weeks followed by an application of Trigard, Agri-Mek, or Mattch. RH-2485 and Confirm were tank mixed with the adjuvant Latron CS-7 (0.12% v/v). Five weekly counts were made of dead/empty mines and live larvae of the LM and PW from one side of two plants, 4 samples per plot. Weekly vacuum samples of 4 sees from one side of 6 plants were taken beginning 17 Apr using a modified leaf blower. Catch was identified as beneficial (primarily spiders, hymenoptera exclusive of ants and predaceous hemiptera), pests and incidental (mostly flies). Fruit was harvested 3 Jun from 6 plants per plot and the marketable fruit graded on a commercial table with weights and numbers recorded. Unmarketable fruit was separated into categories of infestation with TPW, other insects and disease. Crop value was estimated based on $5,6,7,9 market per box of small, medium, large, and extra large fruit, respectively.

scholarly journals Control of Tomato Pinworm (Tpw) with Abamectin in Staked Tomato, 1996

1997 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 189-189
Author(s):  
P. A. Stansly ◽  
J. M. Conner
Keyword(s):  
Disease Control ◽  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Insect Damage ◽  
Operating Pressure ◽  
Hollow Cone ◽  
Commercial Plant ◽  
Entire Plant ◽  
Marketable Fruit ◽  
Tomato Pinworm

Abstract Tomato seedings “Agriset” from a commercial plant house were transplanted on 7 Mar 96, 18 in. between plants, into raised beds 32 in. wide on 6-ft centers covered with black polyethylene film mulch. A dry bottom mix of 50 lbs N, 160 lbs P and 80 lbs K per acre had been placed at the bottom of the beds and an additional 3.25 lbs per acre N and K were fertigated 3 times a week by drip irrigation. The plants were sprayed weekly with an alternating combination of Maneb 80 WP at 1.5 lb/acre plus Kocide 101 at 2 lb/acre and Bravo 720 at 2 pt/acre for disease control. Dipel was added to the disease control sprays when needed at a rate of 1 lb product/acre. Two wing-type traps from AgriSense containing TPW pheromones were set out on 23 Apr. 15 feet to the east and west of the trial area to monitor moth activity. Mean number of moths captured rose from 1.4 per night on 26 Apr to a peak of 33.6 on 10 May, later declining to 8.0 on 20 May. Plots, 30 ft long and 2 rows, wide were assigned one of 3 treatments in a CRB design with 4 replications. All treatments were sprayed weekly from 1 May to 15 May for three applications at 69 gpa using a high clearance sprayer with 2 booms of 3 Yellow Albuz hollow cone nozzles each for a total of 6 per row and operating pressure of 200 psi. Plants (10 per row or 20 total) were evaluated before treatment on 30 Apr and again on 6 and 13 May by counting live and dead miners. Damage for the entire plant was assessed on a rating scale of 1-6: “1” = no apparent damage; “2” = 0-1% of leaflets damaged; “3” = 2-5% damaged; “4” = 6-10% damaged; “5” = 11-30% damaged; and “6” = >30% damaged. Fruit was harvested 21 May from 20 plants per plot and the marketable fruit graded on a commercial table with weights and numbers recorded. Unmarketable fruit was separated into categories of TPW damage, other insect damage and damage due to disease.

scholarly journals Control of Southern Armyworm with Bacillus Thuringiensis in Staked Tomato, Fall 1994

1996 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 191-191
Author(s):  
P. A. Stansly ◽  
J. M. Conner
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Thuringiensis ◽  
Disease Control ◽  
Methyl Bromide ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Beet Armyworm ◽  
Hollow Cone ◽  
Southern Armyworm ◽  
Pump Pressure ◽  
Marketable Size ◽  
High Clearance

Abstract Greenhouse raised tomato seedings “Florasette” were planted 8 Sep. 1994, 18 inches within the row on six subirrigated beds, 240 ft long, 32 ft wide on 6 ft centers. Beds had been fumigated with methyl bromide + chloropicrin 67/33 at a rate of 2201b/acre and mulched with whiteside polyethylene. Each of 4, 125 ft blocks was divided into 4, 3-row plots 25 ft long plus 2.5 ft walkways. Plants were sprayed weekly with an alternating combination of Maneb 80 WP at 1 lb/acre plus Kocide 101 at 31b/acre and Bravo 720 at 1.5 pt/acre for disease control. Plants were inoculated on 5 Oct with beet armyworm and on 19 Oct with SAW on 19 Oct to supplement natural populations by applying 2-3 neonates (2-3 per plant) in Grito-O-Cobs (20-40 mesh) to foliage with a “bazooka” gun. Treatments and spray schedules are given in Tables 1 and 2. Spray was delivered weekly for 7 weeks starting in 21 Oct using a high clearance sprayer equipped with yellow hollow cone Albuz nozzles at 200 psi pump pressure. Configuration for the first 4 applications was 9 nozzles per row, one overhead and four each side calibrated to deliver 89 GPA. An additional nozzle per side drop was added for the last 3 applications to deliver 110 GPA. Larval populations were evaluated weekly from 21 Oct to 29 Nov on 6 ft of row from the center of each 3-row plot in two-plant (between-stake) units. Larvae were counted in 3 size categories: small, medium and large but only medium and large are reported. Fruit of marketable size was harvested on 21 Nov & 02 Dec and graded on a commercial table with weights and numbers recorded.

scholarly journals Greenhouse Evaluation of Insecticides for Control of Yellow Sugarcane Aphid and Greenbug on Sorghum Seedlings, 1994

1995 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 230-230
Author(s):  
R. M. Anderson ◽  
G. L. Teetes
Keyword(s):  
Grain Sorghum ◽  
Hollow Cone ◽  
Soil Mixture ◽  
Insecticide Application ◽  
Sugarcane Aphid ◽  
Greenhouse Evaluation ◽  
Seedling Plant ◽  
Plant Emergence ◽  
Spray Volume ◽  
Pre Treatment

Abstract Foliar treatments of 2 organophosphates and imidachloprid (Confidor) were evaluated for yellow sugarcane aphid (YSA) and greenbug (GB) control in a research greenhouse at Texas A&M University. Hybrid grain sorghum seedlings (ATx399 × RTx430) were grown in 110-mm germination pots containing a prepared soil mixture composed of peat, vermiculite, and periite in a 2:1:1 ratio, respectively. Four days after plant emergence and 3 d prior to insecticide applications, each seedling plant was infested with 10-20 YSA or GB. There were 5 singleseedling replications for each treatment. Insecticides were applied by using a CO2-pressurized backpack sprayer, through TX-3 hollow-cone nozzles at 35 psi, producing a finished spray volume of 5.6 gpa. Pre-treatment counts of YSA and GB were made the day of insecticide application; post-treatment counts of aphids were made 1, 2, and 3 DAT. Percent control was calculated by using Abbott’s (1925) formula. Data were statistically analyzed by using ANOVA and LSD.

Pre-treatment with 1-methylcyclopropene alleviates methyl bromide-induced internal breakdown, softening and wall degradation in blueberry

2018 ◽  
Vol 146 ◽  
pp. 90-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristian Matías Ortiz ◽  
Fiamma Franceschinis ◽  
Gustavo Esteban Gergoff Grozeff ◽  
Helen Chan ◽  
John Markus Labavitch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Methyl Bromide ◽  
Pre Treatment

Pre-treatment immune status predicts disease control in NSCLCs treated with chemoradiation and durvalumab

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Thor ◽  
Annemarie F. Shepherd ◽  
Isabel Preeshagul ◽  
Michael Offin ◽  
Daphna Y. Gelblum ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disease Control ◽  
Immune Status ◽  
Pre Treatment

scholarly journals Control of Insects on Lentils, 1997

1998 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 249-249
Author(s):  
D. E. Bragg ◽  
J. W. Burns
Keyword(s):  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Yield Data ◽  
Untreated Check ◽  
Pre Treatment

Abstract Plots were established 12 May near Albion, WA, on the Mills-Farr farm in a RCBD with 4 replicates of 6 X 10 ft. each. Seven insecticide treatments and an untreated check were used, with Gaucho 480 applied as a seed treatment at 0.5 and 1.0 oz (AI)/cwt. Foliar treatments were applied at the appearance of PA ca. 40-DAE using a CO2-powered backpack sprayer at 20 gpa at 20 psi. All treatments were rated by counts of PA per 20 cm terminal stem 4 per replicate at pre-treatment, PrCt, 2, 5, 7, 10, and 15 DAT. Counts of (TPB) damaged lentils/100 lentil sample per replicate were made at harvest. Yield data in oz lentils per replicate were collected by threshing through a stationary thresher.

scholarly journals Potato Leafhopper Control, 1997

1998 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 170-172
Author(s):  
Arthur A. Hower ◽  
Paul Rebarchak
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Potato Leafhopper ◽  
Insecticide Treatment ◽  
Untreated Check ◽  
Second Year ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Harvest Year ◽  
Rock Springs ◽  
Forage Harvester

Abstract Two tests were conducted to evaluate the efficacy of insecticides against potato leafhopper. The experiments were conducted at the Russell E. Larson Agricultural Research Center at Rock Springs, Centre County, PA on a second-year (first full harvest year) alfalfa (Pioneer 5373) crop. Plots of 40 X 40 ft were arranged in a RCB design with an untreated check in each of four replications. Potato leafhopper densities were estimated from 20 pendulum sweeps of a 15-inch-diam insect beating net taken randomly across each plot. Prior to treatment, potato leafhopper densities were estimated on 9 Jun (Experiment 1). Due to inclement weather, a pre-treatment sweep was not taken for Experiment 2. With the exception of LABS 116 in Experiment 1, all insecticide treatments were applied as foliar sprays on 16 Jun (Experiment 1) and 25 Jul (Experiment 2). LABS 116 was applied in Experiment 1 on 17 Jun as a result of needing an additional product shipment. Cygon 4E was added as a standard insecticide treatment in both Experiments. Alfalfa height at application was 4-6 inches. Insecticides were applied in 25 gal of water per acre at 25 psi with a tractor-mounted sprayer equipped with a 20-ft boom containing 80 degree flat fan nozzles and 50 mesh screens. Leafhopper densities were sampled on 19, 23, 30 Jun and 8 Jul (i.e. 3, 7, 14, 22 DAT) for Experiment 1, and 25 Jul, and 1, 8, 15, 24 Aug (i.e. 3, 7, 14, 21, 30 DAT) for Experiment 2. Densities reported represent the number of adults, number of nymphs, and the combined numbers of adults and nymphs collected per 20 sweeps. Alfalfa yield was determined on 8 Jul (Experiment 1) and 25 Aug (Experiment 2) from a 60-ft2 swath taken from each plot with a Carter Forage Harvester (Carter Mfg. Co. Inc., Brookston, IN). Percent moisture was determined by oven drying a subsample of alfalfa (approximately 2 lb wet). Alfalfa yield is reported as dry weight lb per acre.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Efficacy of Selected Conventional and Experimental Insecticides and Bt Hybrids for Control of Corn Earworm and European Corn Borer on Sweet Corn, 1997

1998 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-100
Author(s):  
J. T. Shaw ◽  
R. Weinzierl ◽  
J. W. Finger
Keyword(s):  
European Corn Borer ◽  
Sweet Corn ◽  
Corn Earworm ◽  
Compressed Air ◽  
Hollow Cone ◽  
Corn Hybrids ◽  
Corn Borer ◽  
Chemical Treatments ◽  
Untreated Check ◽  
High Clearance

Abstract The tests were arranged in a RCB design with four replications. Each plot consisted of four rows, each being 30 inches wide and 50 ft long. Thirty-foot-wide alleys were established between the four replications. Insecticides were applied to the middle two rows of each plot, leaving two untreated rows between adjoining plots. Twelve insecticide treatments were compared with two Br-sweet corn hybrids (Heritage Bt and Bonus Bt) and their non-Bt isolines to two untreated controls. The 12 chemical treatments and the two untreated checks were planted with the Silver King variety sweet corn. Two untreated check plots were included in each replication and were averaged for the ANOVA. Treatments were applied very four to five days beginning on 8 Aug at 8% silk. All insecticide treatments were applied with a modified John Deere 6000 high-clearance vehicle (HCV) with a rear-mounted boom. Six Conejet (TX VS-8) hollow-cone nozzles (three per row) were calibrated to deliver 30.1 gpa at 40 psi and a speed of 2.5 mph, utilizing a compressed air system. Four nozzles (two per row) were attached to drops and directed the spray towards the ear zone area, a third nozzle (one per row) was mounted directly over the row with the spray being directed into the whorl (tassel) area.

scholarly journals Greenhouse Whitefly Control of Salvia, 1997

1998 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 356-357
Author(s):  
D. R. Smitley ◽  
T. W. Davis ◽  
M. M. Williams
Keyword(s):  
Irrigation System ◽  
Michigan State University ◽  
State University ◽  
Greenhouse Whitefly ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Untreated Check ◽  
History Of ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Eggs And Larvae ◽  
Clay Pots

Abstract Salvia plants were started from seeds in 25" X 14" tubs at the Pesticide Research Center greenhouses at Michigan State University on 7 May. These 3 tubs were surrounded by fully grown zinnia plants that had large numbers of white-fly. The larger Zinnia plants had previously been placed in a research greenhouse with a long history of whitefly problems. After the Salvia from the tubs grew to approximately 1 to 2 inches, they were replanted into individual 6" clay pots. The plants were irrigated with 120 mL of water daily, with a drip irrigation system. Plants were also fertilized with Peters 20-20-20 at 1000 ppm biweekly. Pre-treatment counts were made on 19 Jun by taking five leaves per plant and counting the number of eggs and larvae on the bottom of the leaves using a dissecting scope. Treatments were blocked by using an adjusted precount. The adjusted precounts represented 33% of the eggs added to the total number of larvae. Each treatment was replicated 6 times. Due to the number of treatments, the test was arranged in several blocks, each with an untreated check. Single application granular treatments were all applied on 25 Jun and spray applications were applied on 25 Jun, 2 Jul, and 9 Jul. A hand-held R&D CO2 sprayer with an 8003 nozzle at 50 psi was used. Whitefiles were counted by collecting leaves on 2 Jul, 17 Jul, 22 Jul and examining in the same manner as for the precounts.

scholarly journals Control of Pickleworm on Squash with Selective Insecticides, 1997

1998 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 142-143
Author(s):  
Susan E. Webb
Keyword(s):  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Hollow Cone ◽  
Central Florida ◽  
Lepidopterous Pest ◽  
Untreated Check ◽  
Direct Seeded ◽  
Research And Education ◽  
Selective Insecticides ◽  
Separation Test

Abstract Insecticides specific for lepidopterous pest-were compared with a standard, Thiodan, and an untreated check for control of pickleworm. Squash was direct seeded on 1 Apr at the Central Florida Research and Education Center, Leesburg, FL. Each plot consisted of four 25-ft rows, 6 ft apart with plants spaced 2.5 ft apart. Treatments were replicated four times in an RCB design. All chemicals were applied with a 2-row tractor-mounted boom sprayer with 18 Albuz (lilac) ceramic hollow-cone nozzles spaced 8 inches apart, delivering 133 gpa at 200 psi. Latron CS-7, a surfactant, was tank-mixed with Confirm and RH-2485 at a concentration of 0.12% vol:vol. Treatments were applied weekly from 14 May to 11 Jun. Fruits were harvested, separated into marketable and damaged, counted, and weighed three times per week from 12 May to 16 Jun. An analysis of variance and a mean separation test (WD) were used to determine significant differences among treatments.

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