scholarly journals A-155 Association of Feigned Attentional Symptoms with Intra-Individual Variability in Intellectual Functioning

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (6) ◽  
pp. 949-949
Author(s):  
Myers M ◽  
Harrell M ◽  
Taylor S ◽  
Beach J ◽  
Aita S ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Intellectual Functioning ◽  
Individual Variability ◽  
Performance Validity ◽  
Adult Intelligence Scale ◽  
Word Memory Test ◽  
Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale ◽  
Validity Tests ◽  
Wechsler Adult Intelligence ◽  
B Test

Abstract Objective The association between feigned Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) symptoms and intellectual functioning was examined in a sample of undergraduate students instructed to simulate ADHD. Method 90 undergraduate students completed the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS-IV), b Test, and Green’s Word Memory Test (WMT) as part of a larger study [mean age 19.23 years (SD 1.67), range 17–26 years old; mean 12.47 years of education (SD .86); 58.9% female; 58.9% Caucasian, 32.2% African American, 8.9% Other]. Intra-individual variability (IIV) was calculated as standard deviation of the overall test battery mean for the 10 core WAIS-IV subtests. Results A moderate association was found between WAIS-IV IIV and b Test E-score (r = .397, p < .05). WAIS-IV IIV was also moderately associated with b Test errors (d errors r = .299, p < .05; commissions r = .284, p < .05; omissions r = .463, p < .01) and completion time (r = .332, p < .05). No significant relationships were found between WAIS-IV IIV and WMT performance. Conclusions Given that IIV within intellectual functioning was correlated with performance on b Test but not WMT, this suggests the variability in objectively measured intelligence for simulators is associated with feigned attentional symptoms but not feigned memory symptoms. These findings implicate detection of malingered symptom presentation for ADHD to be more sensitive in the attentional domain compared to memory. Therefore, performance validity tests assessing attentional abilities may be more applicable in diagnostic settings aimed at detection of ADHD.

scholarly journals A-205 Digit Span Raw, A Newly Derived Embedded Performance Validity Test

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (6) ◽  
pp. 1000-1000
Author(s):  
Schroeder R ◽  
Soden D ◽  
Clark H ◽  
Martin P
Keyword(s):  
Digit Span ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Performance Validity ◽  
Adult Intelligence Scale ◽  
Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale ◽  
Sensitivity Rate ◽  
Neuropsychological Evaluations ◽  
Validity Tests ◽  
Wechsler Adult Intelligence ◽  
Performance Validity Tests

Abstract Objective Outside of Reliable Digit Span (RDS), there has been minimal research examining the utility of Digit Span (DS) score combinations from the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale—4th Edition (WAIS-IV) as possible performance validity tests (PVTs). We sought to determine if other DS scores/score combinations might work more effectively than RDS as a PVT. Method Patients included 318 individuals who completed neuropsychological evaluations. Individuals were excluded if they were not administered DS; were not administered at least 4 criterion PVTs; had diagnoses of dementia, intellectual disability, or left hemisphere cerebrovascular accident; or had indeterminate validity results (i.e., failure of one PVT). Valid performers (n = 248) were those who passed all criterion PVTs while invalid performers (n = 70) failed two or more criterion PVTs. Receiver operating characteristic curves were conducted for multiple DS indices. Results Area under the curve (AUC) was highest for the DS index that combined raw scores from all three trials (Digit Span Raw; AUC = .821). Likewise, when examining cutoffs that maintained 90% specificity for each DS index, a Digit Span Raw cutoff of < 20 produced the highest sensitivity rate (52%) of all indices. For comparison, RDS, RDS with sequencing, and DS scaled score had AUC values of .758, .802, and .811, respectively. When maintaining specificity at 90%, sensitivity rates were 28%, 43%, and 43%, respectively. Conclusions Results suggest that the most effective embedded DS index might be a new one, which we term Digit Span Raw. Cross-validation of these findings could provide support for using this index instead of the more commonly examined RDS.

Validity of the 16PF Reasoning Ability Scale

1998 ◽  
Vol 83 (3) ◽  
pp. 904-906 ◽  
Author(s):  
Millicent H. Abel ◽  
L. Katherine Brown
Keyword(s):  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Reasoning Ability ◽  
Adult Intelligence Scale ◽  
Intelligence Scale ◽  
Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale ◽  
Verbal Scale ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Wechsler Adult Intelligence ◽  
Performance Scale

The construct validity of the 16PF Reasoning Ability Scale was tested against the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale–Revised (WAIS–R) with 60 undergraduate students. Moderate correlations were obtained between scores on the reasoning scale and the WAIS–R Full Scale, Verbal Scale, and Performance Scale (.57, .44, .51, respectively). The strongest correlations between scores on the reasoning scale and WAIS–R subtests were obtained for Information and Block Design. These data indicate modest support for the validity of the 16PF Reasoning Ability Scale as a measure of intelligence.

scholarly journals Test of Premorbid Functioning: You’re Doing It Wrong, but Does It Matter?

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert D Shura ◽  
Anna S Ord ◽  
Sarah L Martindale ◽  
Holly M Miskey ◽  
Katherine H Taber
Keyword(s):  
Score Test ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Performance Validity ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Adult Intelligence Scale ◽  
Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale ◽  
Premorbid Functioning ◽  
Performance Validity Measures ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Wechsler Adult Intelligence

Abstract Objective Clarify procedures to correctly score Test of Premorbid Functioning (TOPF) and assess the accuracy of TOPF scores in the estimation of premorbid intellectual functioning. Method In this cross-sectional study, post-9/11 veterans (N = 233, 84.12% male) completed the TOPF, the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-Fourth Edition (WAIS-IV), and performance validity measures. Results All TOPF scores were significantly correlated with WAIS-IV FSIQ scores (range r = 0.56–.73). The degree of discrepancy between TOPF scores and FSIQ varied with 10%–17% of TOPF scores deviating from FSIQ scores by one SD or more. Conclusions Proper TOPF scoring procedures are presented. The TOPF Actual and Predicted scores were related to FSIQ. However, a higher percentage of Actual and Predicted scores were discrepant from FSIQ compared with the other three TOPF estimates, arguing against their use as independent premorbid estimates. Use of the TOPF as was designed is recommended.

scholarly journals Stronger Together: The Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale—Fourth Edition as a Multivariate Performance Validity Test in Patients with Traumatic Brain Injury

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 188-204 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laszlo A Erdodi ◽  
Christopher A Abeare
Keyword(s):  
Classification Accuracy ◽  
Digit Span ◽  
Performance Validity ◽  
Adult Intelligence Scale ◽  
Intelligence Scale ◽  
Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale ◽  
Adult Intelligence ◽  
Validity Assessment ◽  
Performance Validity Assessment ◽  
Wechsler Adult Intelligence

Abstract Objective This study was designed to evaluate the classification accuracy of a multivariate model of performance validity assessment using embedded validity indicators (EVIs) within the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale—Fourth Edition (WAIS-IV). Method Archival data were collected from 100 adults with traumatic brain injury (TBI) consecutively referred for neuropsychological assessment in a clinical setting. The classification accuracy of previously published individual EVIs nested within the WAIS-IV and a composite measure based on six independent EVIs were evaluated against psychometrically defined non-credible performance. Results Univariate validity cutoffs based on age-corrected scaled scores on Coding, Symbol Search, Digit Span, Letter-Number-Sequencing, Vocabulary minus Digit Span, and Coding minus Symbol Search were strong predictors of psychometrically defined non-credible responding. Failing ≥3 of these six EVIs at the liberal cutoff improved specificity (.91–.95) over univariate cutoffs (.78–.93). Conversely, failing ≥2 EVIs at the more conservative cutoff increased and stabilized sensitivity (.43–.67) compared to univariate cutoffs (.11–.63) while maintaining consistently high specificity (.93–.95). Conclusions In addition to being a widely used test of cognitive functioning, the WAIS-IV can also function as a measure of performance validity. Consistent with previous research, combining information from multiple EVIs enhanced the classification accuracy of individual cutoffs and provided more stable parameter estimates. If the current findings are replicated in larger, diagnostically and demographically heterogeneous samples, the WAIS-IV has the potential to become a powerful multivariate model of performance validity assessment. Brief Summary Using a combination of multiple performance validity indicators embedded within the subtests of theWechsler Adult Intelligence Scale, the credibility of the response set can be establishedwith a high level of confidence. Multivariatemodels improve classification accuracy over individual tests. Relying on existing test data is a cost-effective approach to performance validity assessment.

The Coin in Hand–Extended Version: Development and Validation of a Multicultural Performance Validity Test

Assessment ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 186-198 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julia C. Daugherty ◽  
Luis Querido ◽  
Nathalia Quiroz ◽  
Diana Wang ◽  
Natalia Hidalgo-Ruzzante ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Digit Span ◽  
The United States ◽  
Performance Validity ◽  
Extended Version ◽  
Adult Intelligence Scale ◽  
Validity Test ◽  
Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale ◽  
Validity Tests ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Highly Correlated

The number of computerized and reliable performance validity tests are scarce. This study aims to address this issue by validating a free and computerized performance validity test: the Coin in Hand–Extended Version (CIH-EV). The CIH-EV test was administered in four countries (Colombia, Spain, Portugal, and the United States) and performance was compared with other commonly used validated tests. Results showed that the CIH-EV has at least 95% specificity and 62% sensitivity, and performance was highly correlated with scores on the Test of Memory Malingering, Victoria Symptom Validity Test, and Digit Span of the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale. There were no significant differences in scores across countries, suggesting that the CIH-EV performs similarly in a variety of cultures. Our findings suggest that the CIH-EV has the potential to serve as a valid validity test either alone or as a supplement to other commonly used validity tests.

Geschlechtseffekte bei Intelligenz- und Gedächtnisleistungen

2015 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anja C. Lepach ◽  
Wiebke Reimers ◽  
Franz Pauls ◽  
Franz Petermann ◽  
Monika Daseking
Keyword(s):  
Adult Intelligence Scale ◽  
Intelligence Scale ◽  
Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale ◽  
Adult Intelligence ◽  
Wechsler Memory Scale ◽  
Wechsler Adult Intelligence

Diese Studie untersucht die Zusammenhänge von Intelligenz- und Gedächtnisleistungen in der Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-IV und der Wechsler Memory Scale-IV unter Berücksichtigung des Geschlechts (N = 137 Gesunde, 63 w/74 m). Ein Vorteil der weiblichen Testpersonen im verbalen episodischen Gedächtnis sowie in einzelnen Aufgaben zur Verarbeitungsgeschwindigkeit konnte beobachtet werden. Die männlichen Testpersonen schnitten in den Untertests Allgemeines Wissen und Visuelle Puzzles besser ab. Wie gut Gedächtnisleistungen Intelligenzleistungen erklären beziehungsweise vorhersagen, ist aufgrund unserer Ergebnisse nicht nur abhängig von den Aufgaben, sondern auch vom Geschlecht.

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