A-155 The Relationship between Parent-Reported Inattention Symptoms and Intra-Individual Variability in Neuropsychological Performance in Male Children and Adolescents

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 (6) ◽  
pp. 1209-1209
Author(s):  
Raquel Rosenberg ◽  
Allison Nash ◽  
Claire Friedhoff ◽  
Jessica Paxton
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Psychological Symptoms ◽  
Community Sample ◽  
Individual Variability ◽  
Neuropsychological Performance ◽  
Parent Ratings ◽  
Psychological Variables ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Objective While previous research has demonstrated that males show greater intra-individual variability (IIV) in neuropsychological performance than females (Roalf et al., 2014), previous studies have not investigated how IIV relates to psychological factors in each gender. This study examined the relationship between psychological symptoms (i.e., depression, anxiety and inattention) and IIV in male and female pediatric samples. Method Participants included 135 male and 210 female individuals between the ages of 6 and 17 from Nathan Kline Institute’s Rockland Project. Participants endorsing a medical diagnosis associated with cognitive impairment (e.g., brain injury; n = 19) were excluded. The four psychological variables included T-scores from the Children’s Depression Inventory (CDI) total to measure depression, the Multidimensional Anxiety Scale for Children (MASC) to measure anxiety, Conners ADHD Rating Scale - Parent to measure parent-ratings of inattention, and the Conners ADHD Rating Scale – Youth to measure self-rated inattention. IIV scores for accuracy were calculated from 10 subtests from the Penn Computerized Neurocognitive Battery. Results In male participants, a regression analysis predicting IIV accuracy scores revealed that the four psychological variables together accounted for 7% of the variance in IIV accuracy scores. Conners Parent Inattention T-scores significantly predicted IIV accuracy scores in males (β = 0.19, p 0.16). In an analogous regression analysis with female participants, psychological symptoms did not significantly predict IIV accuracy scores. Conclusions Results indicated that inattention reported by parents predicted IIV accuracy for male children and adolescents in a community sample.

scholarly journals Behavioural and Psychological Symptoms in Poststroke Vascular Cognitive Impairment

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meena Gupta ◽  
Abhijit Dasgupta ◽  
Geeta Anjum Khwaja ◽  
Debashish Chowdhury ◽  
Yogesh Patidar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Psychological Symptoms ◽  
Vascular Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Neuropsychiatric Symptom ◽  
Neuropsychiatric Inventory ◽  
Clinical Dementia Rating ◽  
Behavioural And Psychological Symptoms ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Background.Behavioural and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD) cause significant patient and caregiver morbidity in vascular cognitive impairment (VCI).Objectives. To study and compare the occurrence and severity of BPSD between multi-infarct dementia (MID), subcortical ischaemic vascular disease (SIVD), and strategic infarct subtypes of poststroke VCI and to evaluate the relationship of these symptoms with the severity of cognitive impairment.Methods. Sixty patients with poststroke VCI were classified into MID, SIVD, and strategic infarct subtypes. BPSD were studied by the neuropsychiatric inventory (NPI). The severity of cognitive impairment was evaluated by the clinical dementia rating scale (CDR).Results. 95% of cases had at least one neuropsychiatric symptom, with depression being the commonest, irrespective of subtype or severity of VCI. Strategic infarct patients had the lowest frequency of all symptoms. SIVD showed a higher frequency and severity of apathy and higher total NPI scores, compared to MID. Apathy and appetite disturbances occurred more commonly with increasing CDR scores. The total NPI score correlated positively with the CDR score.Conclusion. Depression was the commonest neuropsychiatric symptom in VCI. The neuropsychiatric profiles of MID and SIVD were similar. The frequency and severity of apathy and the net burden of BPSD increased with increasing cognitive impairment.

scholarly journals Eating for numbing: a community-based study of trauma exposure, emotion dysregulation, dissociation, body dissatisfaction and eating disorder symptoms

PeerJ ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. e11899
Author(s):  
Lilac Lev-ari ◽  
Ada H. Zohar ◽  
Rachel Bachner-Melman
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorder ◽  
Body Dissatisfaction ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Community Sample ◽  
Traumatic Events ◽  
Trauma Exposure ◽  
Emotional Dysregulation ◽  
Physical Assault ◽  
Eating Disorders Examination ◽  
The Relationship

Objective The current study tests the relationship between eating disorder (ED) symptoms and trauma exposure. The mechanisms via which trauma is related to ED symptoms have not been sufficiently examined. This study examines the complex role of dissociation and emotional dysregulation in the context of trauma, BMI, ED symptoms and body dissatisfaction (BD). We hypothesized that dissociation and emotional dysregulation would mediate the relationship between trauma exposure and ED symptoms/BD. We further hypothesized that BMI would play a moderating role in this association. Method A community sample of 229 (16.2% male) participants, with a mean age of 29.08 ± 10.68 reported online on traumatic events (Life Events Checklist), dissociation (Dissociative Experiences Scale-II), emotional dysregulation (Difficulties in Emotional Regulation Scale), ED symptoms (Eating Disorders Examination-Questionnaire) and BD (Figure Rating Scale). Results Participants reported experiencing a mean of 2.87 ± 2.27 traumatic events, with a relatively high percentage (~86%) reporting at least one. The most commonly reported traumatic events were transportation accidents and physical assault. Although frequency of traumatic events did not directly predict ED symptoms, BMI, dissociation, emotional dysregulation and BD did. An SEM model showed that traumatic events predicted ED symptoms indirectly through dissociation, emotional dysregulation and BMI. Dissociation and emotional dysregulation predicted ED symptoms directly. BMI also moderated the association between traumatic events and both ED symptoms and BD. Conclusions Therapists treating patients with high BMI or obesity should be aware of these relationships and investigate the possibility that trauma and/or PTSD may underlie the presenting disordered eating or eating disorder.

Does popularity at work matter? Examining the effects on career satisfaction through self-evaluation and abilities

2016 ◽  
Vol 44 (10) ◽  
pp. 1601-1612 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan Li
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Multiple Regression Analysis ◽  
Multiple Regression ◽  
Career Satisfaction ◽  
Moderating Effect ◽  
Self Evaluation ◽  
Core Self ◽  
The Relationship

Much research has been conducted on the effect of popularity among children and adolescents, but the popularity of adults at work has received little attention. I investigated the effects of employees' popularity on their career satisfaction, and, in regard to this relationship, the roles of employees' knowledge, skill, and abilities (KSA) as moderators, and of their core selfevaluations as a mediator. Participants were 219 supervisor–subordinate dyads employed by 32 enterprises in China. Multiple regression analysis of the data showed that the employees' popularity was positively related to their career satisfaction. Their KSA level moderated this relationship, so that, among employees with less KSA, popularity had a stronger effect on their career satisfaction than among those with more KSA. Employees' core self-evaluations fully mediated the moderating effect of KSA on the relationship between popularity and career satisfaction. The findings suggest that if employees can increase their popularity, this is an effective way to improve their career satisfaction, especially for those who are low in KSA. Improvement of employees' core self-evaluations may also directly enhance their career satisfaction.

scholarly journals A study of correlation between body size and social status of children and adoles-cents within a peer group (with the main focus on Russian schoolchildren)

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 74-99
Author(s):  
Valentina Nikolaevna Burkova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Size ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Social Status ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Peer Group ◽  
The Body ◽  
Morphological Parameters ◽  
The Relationship

Introduction. Studies of correlation between body size and social status indicate that morphological parameters (height, weight, body mass index) have an impact on the popularity and unpopularity of children and adolescents among peers. However, the available research investigations are controversial and have a range of limitations. The drawbacks of previous studies include mixed samples and little attention to the ethnic factor in the analysis, while morphological and behavioral indicators in different ethnic groups can differ greatly. The purpose of this work is to study the correlation between body size (height, weight, body mass index) and social status of schoolchildren in a peer group (with the main focus on Russian schoolchildren). Materials and Methods. The research was conducted in Moscow (the Russian Federation). The sample consisted of 1077 schoolchildren (507 male and 570 female) aged between 10 and 18 years. At the first stage of the research, all students completed a demographic questionnaire (gender, age, and ethnicity). The sample included only schoolchildren who consider themselves Russian. For assessing social status, a rating scale method was used: each participant completed a rating-scale sociometric to index popularity within the class. Next, anthropometric measurements of each respondent were made - body length, body weight, followed by the calculation of the body mass index (BMI). Results. The data analysis revealed the relationship between morphological parameters (body size) and the social status of schoolchildren within the group. The data were obtained on a homogeneous sample of Russian schoolchildren. However, this relationship was significant only for adolescence and was determined by gender. In addition, the authors revealed that low social status is determined by both overweight and underweight. Conclusions. The results show that morphological indicators (height, weight, body mass index) affect the popularity and unpopularity of children and adolescents among peers. The findings enhance our understanding of the relationship between body size and social status and related problems of victimization and aggressive behavior in adolescent groups. Keywords Russian schoolchildren; Social status; Popularity; Victimization; Body size; Height; Weight; Body Mass Index.

scholarly journals A longitudinal study of potential mediators of the relationship between inattention and academic achievement in a community sample of elementary school children

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Gray ◽  
Rosemary Tannock
Keyword(s):  
Academic Achievement ◽  
Reading Fluency ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Community Sample ◽  
Math Skills ◽  
Visual Spatial ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Behaviour Rating ◽  
One Year ◽  
The Relationship

Introduction: Behavioral attention, working memory (WM), and academic achievement share significant variance, but the direction of relationships across development are unknown. The aim of the present study was to determine whether WM mediates the pathway between inattentive behaviour and subsequent academic outcomes. Methods: 204 students from grades 1-4 (50% female) were recruited from elementary schools. Participants received assessments of WM and achievement at baseline and one year later. Teachers completed the SWAN behaviour rating scale both years. Mediation analysis with PROCESS (Hayes, 2013) was used to determine mediation pathways. Results: Inattention indirectly and directly influenced math addition, subtraction and calculation scores through its effect on visual-spatial WM. Children who displayed better attention had higher WM scores, and children with higher WM scores had stronger scores on math outcomes. Bias-corrected bootstrap confidence intervals for the indirect effects were entirely below zero for three out of four math outcomes. WM did not mediate the direct relationship between inattention and math and reading fluency scores. Discussion: Findings identify inattention and WM as longitudinal predictors for math addition, subtraction and calculation outcomes one year later, with visual-spatial WM as significant mediator. Results highlight the close relationship between inattention and WM and their importance in the development of math skills.

scholarly journals A longitudinal study of potential mediators of the relationship between inattention and academic achievement in a community sample of elementary school children

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Gray ◽  
Rosemary Tannock
Keyword(s):  
Academic Achievement ◽  
Reading Fluency ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Community Sample ◽  
Math Skills ◽  
Visual Spatial ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Behaviour Rating ◽  
One Year ◽  
The Relationship

Introduction: Behavioral attention, working memory (WM), and academic achievement share significant variance, but the direction of relationships across development are unknown. The aim of the present study was to determine whether WM mediates the pathway between inattentive behaviour and subsequent academic outcomes. Methods: 204 students from grades 1-4 (50% female) were recruited from elementary schools. Participants received assessments of WM and achievement at baseline and one year later. Teachers completed the SWAN behaviour rating scale both years. Mediation analysis with PROCESS (Hayes, 2013) was used to determine mediation pathways. Results: Inattention indirectly and directly influenced math addition, subtraction and calculation scores through its effect on visual-spatial WM. Children who displayed better attention had higher WM scores, and children with higher WM scores had stronger scores on math outcomes. Bias-corrected bootstrap confidence intervals for the indirect effects were entirely below zero for three out of four math outcomes. WM did not mediate the direct relationship between inattention and math and reading fluency scores. Discussion: Findings identify inattention and WM as longitudinal predictors for math addition, subtraction and calculation outcomes one year later, with visual-spatial WM as significant mediator. Results highlight the close relationship between inattention and WM and their importance in the development of math skills.

scholarly journals Correlations between Psychiatric Symptoms and Quality of Life in Patients with Psychological Disorders: Hospital-Based Retrospective Study

2022 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 732
Author(s):  
Pi-Yu Su ◽  
Shu-Fen Kuo ◽  
Min-Huey Chung
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Psychological Symptoms ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Psychological Disorders ◽  
World Health ◽  
Life Questionnaire ◽  
World Health Organization Quality ◽  
The Relationship

Little research has been conducted on the relationship between the five-item Brief Symptom Rating Scale (BSRS-5) and quality of life in patients with mood disorders. The purpose of this study was to investigate potential effects of psychological symptoms on quality of life in patients with psychological disorders. We recruited 124 patients with psychological disorders from a psychological teaching hospital in northern Taiwan. Data were obtained from medical records of all patients with a diagnosis of mood or adjustment disorder. We assessed psychological symptoms on the BSRS-5 and examined quality of life by using the Taiwanese version of the abbreviated World Health Organization Quality of Life Questionnaire (WHOQOL-BREF). We performed hierarchical linear regression analysis to explore the relationship between psychological symptoms and quality of life. The analysis revealed a significant correlation between the items on the BSRS-5 and WHOQOL and their correlations with the total scores on these assessments (p < 0.01 and p < 0.05). Our findings indicated that scores on the BSRS-5 can predict scores on quality of life. This suggests that psychometrically measured psychological symptoms constitute critical determinants of quality of life.

Poor Acceptance of the Past is Related to Depressive Symptoms in Older Adults

GeroPsych ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 246-251
Author(s):  
Gozde Cetinkol ◽  
Gulbahar Bastug ◽  
E. Tugba Ozel Kizil
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Death Anxiety ◽  
Geriatric Depression ◽  
Ego Integrity ◽  
The Past ◽  
Depressed Group ◽  
Total Death ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract. Depression in older adults can be explained by Erikson’s theory on the conflict of ego integrity versus hopelessness. The study investigated the relationship between past acceptance, hopelessness, death anxiety, and depressive symptoms in 100 older (≥50 years) adults. The total Beck Hopelessness (BHS), Geriatric Depression (GDS), and Accepting the Past (ACPAST) subscale scores of the depressed group were higher, while the total Death Anxiety (DAS) and Reminiscing the Past (REM) subscale scores of both groups were similar. A regression analysis revealed that the BHS, DAS, and ACPAST predicted the GDS. Past acceptance seems to be important for ego integrity in older adults.

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