Prisoner Society in an Era of Psychoactive Substances, Organized Crime, New Drug Markets and Austerity

2020 ◽  
Vol 60 (5) ◽  
pp. 1260-1281 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kate Gooch ◽  
James Treadwell
Keyword(s):  
Social Relations ◽  
Organized Crime ◽  
Social Order ◽  
Ethnographic Research ◽  
Drug Markets ◽  
Technological Advances ◽  
The Social ◽  
Moral Performance ◽  
Hard Drugs ◽  
Drug Economy

Abstract Framed by the limited and now dated ethnographic research on the prison drug economy, this article offers new theoretical and empirical insights into how drugs challenge the social order in prisons in England and Wales. It draws on significant original and rigorous ethnographic research to argue that the ‘era of hard drugs’ has been superseded by an ‘era of new psychoactive drugs’, redefining social relations, transforming the prison illicit economy, producing new forms of prison victimization and generating far greater economic power and status for suppliers. These changes represent the complex interplay and compounding effects of broader shifts in political economy, technological advances, organized crime, prison governance and the declining legitimacy and moral performance of English and Welsh prisons.

The Stabilisation of the Capitalist Order and Liberal Value Orientations in Serbia

Südosteuropa ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 68 (3) ◽  
pp. 386-407
Author(s):  
Mladen Lazić ◽  
Jelena Pešić
Keyword(s):  
Social Relations ◽  
Social Order ◽  
Radical Change ◽  
Value Orientations ◽  
Economic Liberalism ◽  
The Social ◽  
Value Changes ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Normative Value ◽  
Value Dissonance

AbstractBased on research data from 2003, 2012, and 2018, the authors examine the extent to which capitalist social relations in Serbia have determined liberal value orientations. The change of the social order in Serbia after 1990 brought about a radical change of the basis upon which values are constituted. To interpret the relationship between structural and value changes, the authors employ the theory of normative-value dissonance. Special attention in the analysis is paid to the interpretation of value changes based on the distinction between intra- and inter-systemic normative-value dissonance. In the first part of their study, the authors examine changes in the acceptance of liberal values over the period of consolidation of capitalism in Serbia, while in the second part they focus on the 2018 data and specific predictors of political and economic liberalism.

Mortuary Practices and the Social Order at La Quemada, Zacatecas, Mexico

1992 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 298-315 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ben A. Nelson ◽  
J. Andrew Darling ◽  
David A. Kice
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Social Order ◽  
Mortuary Practices ◽  
Community Members ◽  
Ancestor Worship ◽  
Western Mexico ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Rich ◽  
Lines Of Evidence

Epiclassic occupants of the site of La Quemada left the disarticulated remains of 11-14 humans in an apparently sacred structure outside the monumental core of the site. Several lines of evidence are reviewed to generate propositions about the ritual meanings and functions of the bones. A comparative analysis reveals the complexity of mortuary practices in northern and western Mexico, and permits the suggestion that these particular remains were those of revered ancestors or community members. The sacred structure is seen as a charnel house, in which the more ancient tradition of ancestor worship expressed in shaft tombs was essentially perpetuated above ground. Hostile social relations are clearly suggested, however, by other categories of bone deposits. Recognition of the rich variability of mortuary displays leads to questions about their role in the maintenance of the social order.

Songs with Consequences?

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Marie Stirr
Keyword(s):  
Social Relations ◽  
Social Order ◽  
Labor Exchange ◽  
The Social ◽  
Different Types ◽  
History Of ◽  
Musical Exchange

This chapter focuses on the pragmatics of dohori singing in rural songfests. With a comparative focus on different types of songfest across Nepal’s rural hill areas, it addresses how songfests frame performances in ways that allow for particular pragmatic effects. These are based on forms of ritualized material and musical exchange that idealize the production of equality, yet often still reproduce inequality. It tells the history of dohori as a means of communication across social divides, often with significant material stakes in binding contests that could end in marriage. It discusses dohori’s historical connections with labor exchange and marriage exchange to show how this practice of singing is grounded in ways of producing equality and hierarchy. It gives examples of how binding dohori contests or song duels have been considered threats to the social order and how their outcomes have been reintegrated, changing aspects of individuals’ lives and social relations.

A Failure of Modernization: Police Reform, The “Common Good,” and Serfdom In Eighteenth-Century Russia

2015 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 249-271
Author(s):  
Hugh D. Hudson
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Social Order ◽  
Common Good ◽  
Max Weber ◽  
Political Organization ◽  
The Common Good ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Creation

For Russian subjects not locked away in their villages and thereby subject almost exclusively to landlord control, administration in the eighteenth century increasingly took the form of the police. And as part of the bureaucracy of governance, the police existed within the constructions of the social order—as part of social relations and their manifestations through political control. This article investigates the social and mental structures—the habitus—in which the actions of policing took place to provide a better appreciation of the difficulties of reform and modernization. Eighteenth-century Russia shared in the European discourse on the common good, the police, and social order. But whereas Michel Foucault and Michael Ignatieff see police development in Europe with its concern to surveil and discipline emerging from incipient capitalism and thus a product of new, post-Enlightenment social forces, the Russian example demonstrates the power of the past, of a habitus rooted in Muscovy. Despite Peter’s and especially Catherine’s well-intended efforts, Russia could not succeed in modernization, for police reforms left the enserfed part of the population subject to the whims of landlord violence, a reflection, in part, of Russia having yet to make the transition from the feudal manorial economy based on extra-economic compulsion to the capitalist hired-labor estate economy. The creation of true centralized political organization—the creation of the modern state as defined by Max Weber—would require the state’s domination over patrimonial jurisdiction and landlord control over the police. That necessitated the reforms of Alexander II.

scholarly journals Foucault’s Keystone: Confessions of the Flesh

2021 ◽  
pp. 48-70
Author(s):  
Bernard E. Harcourt
Keyword(s):  
Social Relations ◽  
Social Order ◽  
History Of Sexuality ◽  
Homo Oeconomicus ◽  
Legal Subject ◽  
The Social ◽  
History Of ◽  
Legal Actor ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Biopolitical Power

The fourth and final volume of The History of Sexuality offers the keystone to Michel Foucault’s critique of Western neoliberal societies. Confessions of the Flesh provides the heretofore missing link that ties Foucault’s late writings on subjectivity to his earlier critique of power. Foucault identifies in Augustine’s treatment of marital sexual relations the moment of birth of the modern legal actor and of the legalization of social relations. With the appearance of the modern legal subject, Foucault’s critique of modern Western societies is complete: it is now possible to see how the later emergence of an all-knowing homo œconomicus strips the State of knowledge and thus deals a fatal blow to its legitimacy. The appearance of both the modern legal actor and homo œconomicus makes it possible to fold the entire four-volume History of Sexuality back into Foucault’s earlier critique of punitive and biopolitical power. And it now challenges us to interrogate how we, contemporary subjects, are shaped in such a way as to implicate ourselves—both willingly and unwittingly—in the social order within which we find ourselves and that, through the interaction of knowledge-power-subjectivity, we reproduce.

Prostitution indendørs. Massageklinikken som socialt rum

2007 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristina Alzaga
Keyword(s):  
Social Relations ◽  
Social Order ◽  
Social Space ◽  
Work Experiences ◽  
Life World ◽  
Ethnographic Fieldwork ◽  
The Social ◽  
Working World

Cristina Alzaga: Indoor Prostitution: The Parlour as a Social Space This article presents a sociological hermeneutic analysis of the lived everyday working world of Danish indoor prostitutes. It draws upon observations and interviews, as well as documentary and experiential data, produced during a six-month period of ethnographic fieldwork at a Copenhagen massage parlour, where the author served as “telephone lady“. The article uncovers the social order (nomos) of this life world, its social relations and shared interpretations as well as organizational traits and practical-corporeal terms. It also discusses the variety and multidimensionality of the relations between prostitutes and clients. The article seeks to uncover the meanings of the distinct experiential dynamics and work experiences that take form within this particular working universe, and examines their contradictory relations to the dominant views and accounts of prostitution in the outside world, including the views pre¬sented by mainstream research on prostitution.

Image Management in Social-Communicative Space

Upravlenie ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 68-74
Author(s):  
Кошлякова ◽  
Mariya Koshlyakova
Keyword(s):  
Social Relations ◽  
Social Order ◽  
Mass Communication ◽  
Image Formation ◽  
Image Management ◽  
Communicative Interaction ◽  
Important Place ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Communicative ◽  
Communicative Space

Among the intangible attributes of any social-communicative activities the most important place belongs to the image. Recently it is emerging more and more organizations and persons whose ratings, business reputation, commercial success, and social influence possibilities often depend not so much on their activities’ real characteristics, but on their image, functioning in the social-communicative space. These trends have shaped the social order for the scientific and practical developments related to the image management in the system of social relations. The image management is an information management as a reflection of events at an angle with impression improving. The abundance of the information environment in which a modern man lives has increased significantly, therefore the communicative interaction today is becoming more and more refined and concentrated, when each information message is endowed with a special meaning that has a high potential impact on the target audience. In this regard the image control includes the work with the image audience and the image object. Different audiences have their own information processing, and because of this different approaches are needed in each case. To create an image adequate to target group perception are used such tools as visualization of the image, mythologization, symbolization, archetype and context formation. The subject’s image is formed as if on two main directions. On the one hand it is a compliance with the mass communication channel’s requirements. The second direction in the image formation is reputational characteristics that the audience considers important: trust, authority, and professionalism. In this regard we have subdivided the image management process as following stages: its creation objective formulation, selection of criteria for image evaluation, as well as qualities for image formation, expressive means for these qualities translation and the image adjustment.

Property and Social Relations in Mughal India: Litigations and Disputes at the Qazi’s Court in Urban Localities, 17th-18th Centuries

2018 ◽  
Vol 61 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 851-877 ◽  
Author(s):  
Farhat Hasan
Keyword(s):  
Social Relations ◽  
Social Order ◽  
Power Relations ◽  
Frames Of Reference ◽  
Local Power ◽  
Social Actors ◽  
The Social ◽  
Caste Groups

AbstractCritiquing the commodity-centered frames of reference, this paper looks at property not within an economic logic, but as a set of practices that served to structure and reconfigure social relations. Based on a study of property documents and court papers, the essay argues that property was not simply an index of wealth, but a medium through which social relations were affirmed, reproduced and contested. Owing to the identification of property with the honor of families and caste groups, transactions in property were socially regulated activities that bore the imprint of local power relations. Property documents were imbued with a plethora of meanings, and this was because the scribal-literate tradition in Mughal India co-existed with an oral-performative culture. Writing was used by social actors in a wide variety of ways, and for different sets of objectives, sometimes to reinforce the social order, on other occasions to disrupt it.

The Erotic Vaṭan [Homeland] as Beloved and Mother: To Love, To Possess, and To Protect

1997 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 442-467 ◽  
Author(s):  
Afsaneh Najmabadi
Keyword(s):  
National Identity ◽  
Social Contract ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Social Order ◽  
Male Bonding ◽  
Nationalist Discourse ◽  
National Community ◽  
The Social ◽  
Identity Based ◽  
Nationalist Sentiment

Modern nations have often been explicitly imagined through familial metaphors. In particular, the construction of the national community as a brotherhood (a fraternity) has pointed both to the centrality of male bonding in the production of nationalist sentiment and to the exclusion of women from the social contract. Within that contract not only were women “subject to men's power; it also implied complementary bonds between men;… women had no place in the new political and social order except as markers of social relations between men.”Hunt's observation recalls Sedgwick's analysis of how male bonding is mediated through the figure of woman. In nationalist discourse representing the homeland as a female body has often been used to construct a national identity based on male bonding among a nation of brothers.

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