Common Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) Flour Can Improve the Gut Microbiota Composition and Function in Mice Fed a High-Fat Diet

Abstract Objectives To evaluate the effects of whole flour and protein hydrolysate from common bean on gut health in mice fed a High-Fat Diet. Methods BALB/c adults mice (n = 48) where divided in 4 groups (n = 12 each): normal control (NC standard diet AIN-93M); High-Fat Diet (HFD) only; HFD plus bean flour (HFBF) and HFD plus bean protein hydrolysate (HFPH; 700 mg/kg of body/day). After 9 weeks, the animals were euthanized. Cecum weight was measured and cecum content was collected. Cecum content was used to analyze moisture by gravimetric method, lipids by extraction in Soxhlet apparatus, short chain fatty acids (SCFA) by HPLC and DNA extraction and sequencing of the gut microbiota. Total genomic DNA was extracted from fecal samples and loaded using the Illumina MiSeq platform at Argonne National Laboratory. Data were analyzed by ANOVA and post-hoc of Newman-Kews. Nonparametric and independent samples were submitted to Kruskal-Wallis with a Dunn's multiple comparison test (P < 0.05). Results HFBF increased cecum weight (+69%), moisture (+104.6%) and lipids (+11.5%) in the feces compared to HFD group (P < 0.05), and the Beta diversity was different from HFD. Acetic acid concentration decreased (−37.7%) in cecal content of HFBF group compared to HFD group (P < 0.05), and propionic and butyric acids cecal concentration did not differ (P > 0.05) among experimental groups. The abundance of Bacteroidetes increased and the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio decreased in the HFBF compared to control groups. The operational taxonomic units (OTUs) enriched by HFBF were mainly assigned to Muribaculaceae family, which show high potential to improve gut health. The functional analysis of the microbiota shown beneficial changes in the host's genetic capacity, especially in the metabolic pathways involved with glucose metabolism. KEGG metabolic pathways involved with starch and sucrose metabolism, as well as the galactose metabolism were enriched in the HFBF group compared to the HFD group (P < 0.05). Conclusions The intake of common bean flour modulates the microbiota composition and abundance of SCFA-producing bacteria, and attenuates the effects of HFD, showing potential to improve gut microbiota composition and function of mice. Funding Sources CNPq, CAPES, Fapemig and Fulbright (Brazil).

Download Full-text

Uridine attenuates obesity, ameliorates hepatic lipid accumulation and modifies the gut microbiota composition in mice fed with a high-fat diet

Food & Function ◽

10.1039/d0fo02533j ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Yilin Liu ◽

Chunyan Xie ◽

Zhenya Zhai ◽

Ze-yuan Deng ◽

Hugo R. De Jonge ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gut Microbiota ◽

Lipid Accumulation ◽

High Fat Diet ◽

Microbiota Composition ◽

High Fat ◽

Fat Accumulation ◽

Hepatic Lipid ◽

Hepatic Lipid Accumulation ◽

Gut Microbiota Composition

This study aimed to investigate the effect of uridine on obesity, fat accumulation in liver, and gut microbiota composition in high-fat diet-fed mice.

Download Full-text

Yeast β-glucan reduces obesity-associated Bilophila abundance and modulates bile acid metabolism in healthy and high-fat diet mouse models

AJP Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology ◽

10.1152/ajpgi.00226.2021 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Sik Yu So ◽

Qinglong Wu ◽

Kin Sum Leung ◽

Zuzanna Maria Kundi ◽

Tor C Savidge ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bile Acid ◽

Gut Microbiota ◽

High Fat Diet ◽

Metabolic Health ◽

Metabolic Phenotype ◽

Bile Acid Metabolism ◽

Microbiota Composition ◽

High Fat ◽

Mrna Accumulation ◽

Gut Microbiota Composition

Emerging evidence links dietary fiber with altered gut microbiota composition and bile acid signaling in maintaining metabolic health. Yeast β-glucan (Y-BG) is a dietary supplement known for its immunomodulatory effect, yet its impact on the gut microbiota and bile acid composition remains unclear. This study investigated whether dietary forms of Y-BG modulate these gut-derived signals. We performed 4-week dietary supplementation in healthy mice to evaluate effects of different fiber composition (soluble vs particulate Y-BG) and dose (0.1 vs. 2%). We found that 2% particulate Y-BG induced robust gut microbiota community shifts with elevated liver Cyp7a1 mRNA abundance and bile acid synthesis. These diet-induced responses were notably different when compared to the prebiotic inulin, and included a marked reduction in fecal Bilophila abundance which we demonstrated as translatable to obesity in population-scale American Gut and TwinsUK clinical cohorts. This prompted us to test whether 2% Y-BG maintained metabolic health in mice fed 60% HFD over 13 weeks. Y-BG consistently altered the gut microbiota composition and reduced Bilophila abundance, with trends observed in improvement of metabolic phenotype. Notably, Y-BG improved insulin sensitization and this was associated with enhanced ileal Glpr1r mRNA accumulation and reduced Bilophila abundance. Collectively, our results demonstrate that Y-BG modulates gut microbiota community composition and bile acid signaling, but the dietary regime needs to be optimized to facilitate clinical improvement in metabolic phenotype in an aggressive high-fat diet animal model.

Download Full-text

Dietary wood pulp-derived sterols modulation of cholesterol metabolism and gut microbiota in high-fat-diet-fed hamsters

Food & Function ◽

10.1039/c8fo02271b ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. 775-785 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Xiang Li ◽

Huali Wang ◽

Tianxin Wang ◽

Fuping Zheng ◽

Hao Wang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gut Microbiota ◽

High Fat Diet ◽

Metabolic Disorder ◽

Cholesterol Metabolism ◽

Wood Pulp ◽

Microbiota Composition ◽

High Fat ◽

Fecal Sterols ◽

Gut Microbiota Composition

Wood pulp-derived sterols (WS) supplementation ameliorated HFD-associated metabolic disorder; WS supplementation increased the amounts of fecal sterols excretion and SCFAs content; WS supplementation modulated gut microbiota composition.

Download Full-text

Effect of A Polyphenol-Rich Canarium album Extract on the Composition of the Gut Microbiota of Mice Fed a High-Fat Diet

Molecules ◽

10.3390/molecules23092188 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 23 (9) ◽

pp. 2188 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Ning-Ning Zhang ◽

Wen-Hui Guo ◽

Han Hu ◽

A-Rong Zhou ◽

Qing-Pei Liu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gut Microbiota ◽

High Fat Diet ◽

High Throughput Sequencing ◽

Chow Diet ◽

Microbiota Composition ◽

High Fat ◽

Canarium Album ◽

Normal Chow ◽

Gut Microbiota Composition ◽

Medium Dose

This study investigated the influence of Canarium album extract (CAext) on intestinal microbiota composition of mice fed a high-fat diet (HFD). Kun Ming (KM) mice were fed either a normal chow diet or a HFD for six weeks. At the seventh week, HFD-fed mice were gavaged daily with saline, or a different dose of CAext for four weeks, respectively. Then, the composition of the gut microbiota was analyzed by high-throughput sequencing technology. Analysis of fecal microbial populations, grouped by phyla, showed significant increases of Firmicutes and Verrucomicrobia, but a decrease of Bacteroidetes in all CAext-fed mice. Particularly, CAext gavage in a low dose or a medium dose caused a significant increase in the proportion of Akkermansia. These findings suggested that CAext can alter the gut microbiota composition of HFD-fed mice, and had a potential prebiotic effects on Akkermansia.

Download Full-text

Anti-obesity effects of α-amylase inhibitor enriched-extract from white common beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) associated with the modulation of gut microbiota composition in high-fat diet-induced obese rats

Food & Function ◽

10.1039/c9fo01813a ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 (2) ◽

pp. 1624-1634 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Zhenxing Shi ◽

Yingying Zhu ◽

Cong Teng ◽

Yang Yao ◽

Guixing Ren ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽

Gut Microbiota ◽

High Fat Diet ◽

Microbiota Composition ◽

Common Beans ◽

Phaseolus Vulgaris L ◽

High Fat ◽

Obese Rats ◽

Amylase Inhibitors ◽

Gut Microbiota Composition

α-Amylase inhibitors (α-AI) have great potential to treat obesity.

Download Full-text

The crosstalk between the gut microbiota and lipids

OCL ◽

10.1051/ocl/2020070 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 27 ◽

pp. 70

Author(s):

Philippe Gérard

Keyword(s):

Gut Microbiota ◽

Dietary Fat ◽

High Fat Diet ◽

Fat Intake ◽

Human Intestine ◽

Microbiota Composition ◽

High Fat ◽

Potential Health ◽

Different Types ◽

Total Fat

The human intestine harbours a complex and diverse bacterial community called the gut microbiota. This microbiota, stable during the lifetime, is specific of each individual despite the existence of a phylogenetic core shared by the majority of adults. The influence of the gut microbiota on host’s physiology has been largely studied using germfree animals and studies using these animal models have revealed that the effects of lipids on host physiology are microbiota-dependent. Studies in mice have also shown that a high-fat diet rapidly and reproducibly alters the gut microbiome. In humans, dietary fat interventions did not lead to strong and consistent modifications of the microbiota composition. Nevertheless, an association between total fat intake and the reduction of the microbiota richness has been repeatedly found. Interestingly, different types of fat exert different or even opposite effects on the microbiota. Concurrently, the gut microbiota is able to convert the lipids entering the colon, including fatty acids or cholesterol, leading to the production of metabolites with potential health effects.

Download Full-text